What is the photoelectric effect?
When the mass is affected by electromagnetic waves with relatively short wavelengths such as ultraviolet light or visible light, its atoms can emit electrons. This process is known as the photoelectric effect or, less commonly, effect Hertz and occurs because electromagnetic waves have energy that is able to release electrons in the atom. Observation of the photoelectric effect helped to clarify some problems about the nature of light and the nature of the atoms. Light has been discovered, it can act as a wave and as a particle; The light travels in the wave movement, but can physically affect the surfaces and even cause mechanical change by draining electrons from the atoms. The beam of light, which shone on the metal surface, is referred to as photocathode and the electrons that eject from the atom are called photoelectrones . Shining light on a conductive metal surface can actually cause an electric current called photo current . Material, toTerý is sensitive to light, such as metals that can carry electricity due to light, is referred to as photo -procicable .
The number of electrons released due to the photoelectric effect is closely related to the frequency and light intensity on the metal surface. The low -frequency light, which has a long wavelength, tends to release several, if at all, electrons from the metal surface. This applies if the light is of high intensity or low intensity. At high frequency, however, the light tends to release much more electrons, especially if the light is particularly intense. This basically means that very little electrons release red light at any intensity, but the blue light releases a lot.
observation of the -electrical effect represented strong evidence of quantum nature of light, which previously did not have much support. Also supported the theory of the duality of the wave particle at a time whenMost scientists believed that light behaved like a particle or wave, not both.
light exists in discrete particles known as photons , which are scientifically described as quata lights. One photon is one quantum of light; It is the smallest unit of light that can interact with anything else. Quata light strike and release of electrons when light shines on the metal surface; This is a photoelectric effect.