What is the Quantum Hall effect?
The Hall quantum effect is a well -accepted theory in physics describing the behavior of electrons in the magnetic field at extremely low temperatures. Observing the effect clearly justifies the theory of quantum mechanics as a whole. The results are so accurate that the electrical resistance measurement standard uses the effect of quantum hall, which also supports work performed on superconductors. Herb carriers that are usually electrons, but may be protons, dispersing on the side of the conductor due to the influence of the magnetic field. This phenomenon can be visualized as a number of cars pushed to the side due to strong wind while it goes on the highway. Cars are embedded in a curved way in attempts to discuss the way, but are forced to the side.
The potential difference between the pages of the wire is developing. Signal amplification is necessary to create useful tools based on the effect of the hall. This imbalance in the electrical potential is the principle of the Hall probe that measures magnetic afterle.
with the popularity of semiconductors, physics became interested in exploring the effect of Hall in such thin foils, the carriers of the charge were basically limited to movement in two dimensions. They used current on conductive foils under strong magnetic fields and low temperatures. Instead of pulling the side to the curved continuous roads, the electrons make sudden jumps. In the resistance on the flow, sharp peaks were at a specific energy level because the magnetic field has changed. Between the peaks, resistance fell to a value near zero, which is a characteristic of low -temperature superconductors.
physicists also realized that the energy level necessary to increase the resistance was not the function of the conductor composition. The peaks of the resistance occurred in the multiples of the whole number. These peaks are so predictable and consistent that tools based on the effect of quantum halls can be used to create standards of resistance. SoStandards are necessary for testing electronics and ensuring reliable performance.
Quantum theory of atomic structure, which is the concept that energy is available in discrete, whole packets at subatomical level, predicted the quantum hall effect as early as 1975. The Quantum Hall effect has become another argument to support the quantum nature of matter.