What is the thermal movement?
Thermal movement refers to random movements of molecules, atoms, electrons or other subatomical particles. Unlike the visible world around us, the atomic world is in a constant state of movement at all temperatures above the absolute zero. The thermal movement of the particles rises with the temperature of these particles and is governed by the laws of thermodynamics.
Thermal movement study is a study of random particle movement. Molecules, atoms and subatomical particles do not behave in a predictable way. Unlike the world we see, these tiny pieces of matter are almost always in constant movement and do not follow the same rules as the larger body they form. For example, electrons exist on the orbitals around the atom core. Although the exact location and movement of electron cannot be determined, there is a likelihood that they will move in a certain space known as orbital.
Atomic particles remain in constant movement at all temperatures above abstained zero. Absolute zero, also called 0 degrees Kelvin, equals -459.67 ° F (-273.15 ° C). ActThe lowest temperature exists because it corresponds to the temperature at which the atomic particles cease to move.
The thermal movement of the particle is related to the temperature of this particle. The particles at higher temperatures show greater thermal movement than parts at lower temperatures. This applies to particles in any condition of matter, including gas, liquid, solid and plasma. Although atoms in a solid are closer to each other than atoms in a liquid or gas, there is still room for moving atoms.
Thermal movement of atomic particles was first described by physicist Robert Brown. When viewing a small particle, such as grains of pollen or a piece of dust under the microscope, Brown noticed that the particle seemed to be in a constant state of movement or and agitation. The thermal movement of atoms around a small particle causes atoms to hit it. As a result, larger particles move randomly, as well as atomic particles. This type of movement is indicatedLike Brownian Motion.
Thermal movement is studied using thermodynamics that has a set of laws that control random particles. The first law states that it depends and energy is always maintained. The second, somewhat paradoxically, states that the return to the previous energy state is impossible because some energy escapes from the system and can never be reused. The third states that absolute zero cannot be achieved. Simply put, these laws mean that the thermal movement is a random movement that never ends and always changes.