How Do I Choose the Best Electronic Security?

E-commerce refers to the use of any information and communication technology for any form of business or management operation or exchange of information. Internet business refers to the use of the Internet, including the World Wide Web for any e-commerce operation.

On December 14, 1999, the St. Francis Hotel in San Francisco, California, USA announced the world's first Internet business standard (The Standard for Internet Commerce, Version 1.0-1999).

This standard was led by Ziff-Davis Magazine. It organized 301 world-renowned Internet and IT giants, relevant journalists, civil society groups, and scholars. After six months of voting, seven standards and 47 standards were voted in two rounds. It was finally determined. Although this is still only version 1.0, it has already standardized to a considerable extent the standards that online stores that use the Internet to engage in retail industry need to comply with. Although its formulation is completely in accordance with

The purpose of this Internet standard is fivefold:

1. Increase consumer confidence and satisfaction in transactions on the Internet;

2. Establish a trust relationship between consumers and sellers;

3. Help sellers gain world-class customer service experience, speed up development and reduce costs;

4. Support and enhance the self-regulation ability of Internet business;

5. Help sellers and consumers understand and deal with the rapidly growing rules and symbols.

Obviously, this standard can be used by sellers for their Internet commerce and declare to all consumers and partners that they meet this standard; it can also be used by consumers to verify whether sellers can provide high-quality

The entire standard is divided into seven items and 47 items. Each payment is stated as a "minimum requirement" or a "best option." If a seller claims their

The establishment of China's e-commerce is based on the principle of fully absorbing and drawing on the results and experience of the International Organization for Standardization in the construction of e-commerce standards, and closely combining the requirements of standards for e-commerce development in our country, industry and field. 3. Systematicly carry out the construction of China's e-commerce standard system.

The core of e-commerce is business. In order to better realize electronic business activities, a series of supporting systems such as modern logistics, credit services, online payment, and security certification must be established. E-commerce standards are not to address the standardization and informatization of business activities within a government or enterprise, but to focus on the technical interoperability and commerce of enterprises, governments and consumers in different industries and different fields when participating in e-commerce. Interoperability issues to achieve established business activities and goals. From this perspective, first of all, e-commerce standards can be divided into two categories: business standards for business activities and support system standards for support systems. Secondly, in order to ensure the healthy development of e-commerce, it is necessary to formulate supervision and management standards, including the content of e-commerce service quality, development evaluation, and standard compliance testing. In addition, there are some basic technology standards (such as SOA, Web Services and other software technology architecture, description technology, automatic identification and identification technology, and network protocols and other standards) are also indispensable for the implementation of e-commerce. In summary, e-commerce standards can be divided into four categories: basic technical standards, business standards, support system standards, and supervision and management standards. ^[2]

An information center must be established and consumers can find links to this information center anywhere on the website. (Minimum requirement) The seller must use the word "Information" as the title of the information center. (Minimum requirements)

The seller must announce the following in the information center: the legal name of the seller and the owner; the main office location; the channels for contacting the seller, such as telephone or email; professional licenses for special business. (Minimum requirements)

The information center must provide the customer's payment method or other information on the use of third-party products or services that are not explicitly advertised. (Minimum requirements)

Before the consumer is required to finalize the order, the seller must provide the consumer with a list of all costs, including the cost of the goods / services, shipping, handling fees, and taxes. (Minimum requirements)

The information center must provide a description of the quality assurance, including the validity period of the guarantee, the scope of application, the scope of non-application, and how to guarantee. (Minimum requirements)

For each product or service, information about after-sales service must be provided, including the scope of service, duration, and how to proceed. (Minimum requirements)

The information center must explain to the customer which country or region's laws apply. (Minimum requirements)

The various payment methods that can be selected must be announced to the customer. (Minimum requirements)

Must provide principles for processing cancellations, returns, and refunds, including the validity period of the order that can be cancelled, which products can be returned, the conditions for the return, the cost of the cancellation or return, the payer of freight, and when the consumer can get the refund Wait. (Minimum requirements)

Must publish rules for sellers to collect payments from consumers' credit cards ^[3]

If the seller has restrictions on different consumers (such as specific regions or ages) in sales or shipping, it must be clearly stated. (Minimum requirements)

Before the consumer finally orders, the seller must provide information about the availability of the product, that is, the estimated time required for the delivery of the goods or the processing of the order. (Minimum requirements)

The seller must notify the futures orderer within two working days. (Minimum requirements)

Products that are listed on the website, but cannot be ordered directly from the Internet, must be marked with obvious marks, such as colors, icons, etc. (Minimum requirements)

Consumers who have ordered off-the-shelf products should notify them when the goods arrive. (best choice)

The seller's principle of confidentiality must be published, including at least: what information the seller will collect and where it will be collected; the purpose for which this information will be used; whether the seller will provide this information to third parties, and if so, what Under the circumstances; whether consumer information is part of the overall business plan, such as conducting target market analysis, establishing various promotional programs, etc .; whether consumers may restrict the use of personal information, and how. (Minimum requirements)

The seller must provide a link to the privacy policy marked "Privacy" on the homepage and information center. (Minimum requirements)

Consumers must be able to choose whether the seller can use the collected consumer information to actively send various kinds of information, and this choice can be made when these materials are started to be collected. (Minimum requirements)

Consumers must be able to choose whether or not they agree to provide their private information to a third party, and that choice can be made when this information is collected. (Minimum requirements)

If the confidentiality principle of the third party (such as shopping cart, payment gateway) about the transaction is different from that of the seller, the seller must provide a link to the third party's confidentiality principle. (Minimum requirements)

Throughout the transaction, the seller must encrypt all information provided by the consumer. (Minimum requirements)

Sellers must encrypt consumer data stored by sellers. (Minimum requirements)

In the information center, the seller must provide consumers with information on what transmission processes and materials are protected ^[4]

The seller must issue an order confirmation email to the consumer within one business day after the order is placed by the consumer. (Minimum requirements)

The seller must include the total cost in the order confirmation notice or explicitly tell the consumer where to find the total cost. (Minimum requirements)

The seller shall notify the consumer via EMAIL within one business day after the goods ordered by the consumer are shipped or the service is performed. (best choice)

The seller must include the following information in the shipping notice or explicitly tell the consumer where they can get these messages: the name of the goods, the total cost, where and how the goods came out, the estimated shipping time, and how to resolve them if there are problems . (Minimum requirements)

If the shipping method chosen by the consumer can track the goods during transportation, the seller should also provide this method to the consumer. (best choice)

If the shipping method chosen by the consumer provides information about the goods that have been collected and the name of the recipient, the seller should also provide this method to the consumer. (best choice)

If the seller ships only part of the goods ordered by the consumer, the seller should notify the consumer that other goods will be shipped later. (best choice)

If the customer cancels the order or returns, the seller must notify the consumer within three working days that the order has been received or returned. (Minimum requirements)

Sellers must provide consumers with a channel for questions or complaints via EMAIL. (Minimum requirements)

Sellers must provide access to customer service terms in the information center. (Minimum requirements)

Sellers must provide channels for customer feedback and textual complaints. (Minimum requirements)

The seller must acknowledge the receipt of the problem or complaint to the consumer within 48 hours of receipt of the problem or complaint. (Minimum requirements)

If the complaint is about the product and the seller cannot resolve it by itself, the seller must provide the consumer with an appropriate method of contacting the manufacturer (minimum requirements)

In recent years, with the joint efforts of the relevant departments of the State Council, standardization technical committees and the industry, a number of national standards related to e-commerce have been formulated and achieved certain results. At the same time, with the rapid development of social economy and informatization, there are also some problems in China's e-commerce standards.

(1) The standard system is incomplete. With the development and popularization of information technology, China's e-commerce has developed rapidly and standardization has also developed well. A series of "basic technology standards" have been formulated, such as: GB / T 19256-2003 ("XML-based E-commerce" Seven general sections), GB / T 20538-2010 (a total of seven sections for "XML-based E-commerce Business Data and Processes"), and other general standards; 1980 B2B-oriented open procurement agreements such as the "Basic Set of Chinese Character Coded Character Sets for Information Interchange"; GB / T 14805-1999 "Application-level grammar rules for administrative, commercial, and transportation electronic data interchange" series standards, GB / T 18793-2002 "Information Technology Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0" and other description technical standards. However, due to poor coordination and matching between standard formulation and market demand, the current standard system still has many problems such as incomplete content and blank standards. Such as the lack of completeness of electronic document format standards, service quality, business processes, security certifications, online payment credit services and other supporting system standards and supervision and management standards are missing or insufficient.

(2) The system has poor synergy. Because e-commerce spans many fields and integrates a wide range of technologies, its standardization work involves many departments. Relevant national departments set their own standards according to their needs, resulting in business overlap or overlap. In terms of resource sharing and collaborative division of labor, there is no stable and long-term communication and coordination mechanism; in terms of overall planning and efficient management, e-commerce standardization lacks a unified maintenance and management mechanism.

(3) The degree of internationalization is low. The development of China's e-commerce standardization is relatively short, and basic theoretical research on standards systems, methods, and key technologies is still relatively weak. Compared with developed countries, it is still in its infancy. Although the rate of adoption of international standards and developed countries' standards for e-commerce standards in China has increased in recent years, there is still a lack of follow-up research on foreign advanced standards and research on the relevance of domestic and foreign standards, and it will take time to fully integrate with international standards. day.

(4) Poor market adaptability and insufficient propaganda. The early development of e-commerce in China was dominated by the government, and most of its standards were set by the government. Enterprises are in an accepted position, not the main body of standard setting. The coordination between China's standard setting and market demand is low, which makes it easy for Chinese enterprise managers and law enforcement Weak standards of personnel standards and little understanding of e-commerce standards, resulting in about half of China's e-commerce standards are still almost unused ^[5]

1. Market-oriented standards before. The development of e-commerce standards was mainly driven by the start of new technology or new product research. The demand for standards comes from the development of technology and products. With the rapid development of global e-commerce, the demand for e-commerce standards from all parties in the society has increased dramatically, and a market-driven development model has been formed. Standards have gradually evolved from technology-driven to market-driven.

2. Standards development Centralized e-commerce standards have evolved from decentralized to cooperative. For example, ISO, IEC, ITU, IETF, DMC, etc. actively listen to the needs of e-commerce standards from industries, governments, and users on the one hand, and actively strengthen the corresponding relationship between each other in the process of establishing global information To avoid work crossover and disorderly competition. Visa and MasterCard have each formulated smart card transaction specifications, but they have had little effect and are difficult to promote. Under such circumstances, on February 1, 1996, MasterCard and Visa, two major international credit card organizations and technology partners GTE, Netscape, IBM, Terisa Systems, Verisign, Microsoft, SAIC and other multinational companies jointly developed secure electronic transaction specifications ( SET) to enable global e-commerce as early as possible.

3. Standard content broadening E-commerce is a comprehensive new business activity covering a wide range of fields, including information technology, finance, law, market and other fields. The relevant standards are cross-industry, interdisciplinary, and e-commerce in a broad sense. The standard system is very complicated, covering almost all the standard scope of modern information technology, and the transaction rules in the network environment that need to be further regulated. Security, authentication, payment, and interface standards are urgently formulated and improved.

4. Internationalization of standards cooperation The international community generally recognizes that in order to achieve global e-commerce, countries must reach a broad consensus through international e-commerce standardization activities; and the content of e-commerce standards is complex and huge, regardless of whether Technically, economically, or in terms of use, neither one or two countries can undertake the formulation work alone, and must rely on international cooperation.

5. Flexible application of standards. E-commerce is a very active new technology, which is still in the development stage and has the characteristics of rapid development and rapid update. This makes the formulation and implementation of e-commerce related standards both necessary to comply with the standards. General development requirements, but also to get rid of the shackles of traditional standardization concepts and the limitations of some existing standardization work procedures, so that e-commerce standardization develops in a more flexible direction. According to the characteristics of the development of e-commerce, the flexibility of its standard work is reflected in: first, the lagging of standard work is advanced, at least it should be synchronized with the development of related technologies; second, the formal confirmation of standards and the use of draft standards Separately, use more relevant standards in the stages of DIS (Draft International Standard), CD (Committee Draft), and RFCs (Request For Comments) for the development of e-commerce to strengthen the normative role of standards for the development of e-commerce. Meet the needs of market competition; Third, open the standard-making work system, allowing more enterprises and users to participate in the development of e-commerce standards, making e-commerce standards more practical.

Sellers should ensure that every package shipped has standard loss, theft and damage insurance at the shipping agency. (best choice)

The seller must provide the consumer with an invoice for the ordered goods in a printable format. (Minimum requirements)

If the shipping company of choice is licensed by the consumer, the seller should provide the consumer with the ability to make special deliveries. (best choice)

If the consumer has provided the necessary information before, the seller should provide the consumer with the ability to "click" shopping. (best choice)

ECML (e-commerce model language) support allows consumers to avoid repetitive input when filling out shopping cart forms. (best choice)

Sellers should provide the ability to process orders in real time and validate consumer credit cards. (best choice)

Sellers should provide the ability to search the entire site for information and products by keywords. (best choice)

Sellers should provide tools that consumers can use to check the status of orders through the Web. ((best choice)

Sellers should provide consumers with the ability to check previous orders. (best choice)

Sellers should have a systematic approach to continuously handle consumer feedback and understand their satisfaction. (best choice)