What Are the Basics of Fire Alarm Wiring?

The automatic fire alarm system is composed of a trigger device, a fire alarm device, a linkage output device, and other auxiliary function devices. It has the ability to change physical quantities such as smoke, heat, and flames generated by the combustion in the early stage of the fire through a fire detector. The electric signal is transmitted to the fire alarm controller, and the entire floor is evacuated in the form of sound or light. The controller records the location and time of the fire, so that people can find the fire in time and take effective measures to extinguish the initial fire. To minimize the loss of life and property caused by the fire, it is a powerful tool for people to fight against the fire.

Relevant data statistics show that: in any place where an automatic fire alarm system is installed, a fire can generally be reported early, and it will not cause a major fire. In many important office buildings, warehouses, substations, and control centers of our transportation, port and navigation systems, various ships with a gross tonnage of over 500 tons are in accordance with national standards.

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1.0.1 In order to improve the construction quality of the automatic fire alarm system, to ensure the normal operation of the system, to prevent and reduce fire hazards, and to protect the safety of people and property, this code is specially formulated.

Article 1.0.2 This specification is applicable to the construction and acceptance of automatic fire alarm systems for industrial and civil buildings. It is not applicable to automatic fire alarm systems installed in places with explosive danger such as the production and storage of gunpowder, explosives, and pyrotechnic products. Construction and acceptance.

Article 1.0.3 The construction of the automatic fire alarm system must be supervised by the public security fire supervision institution. The system must be inspected and accepted by the public security fire supervision agency before being delivered for use.

Article 1.0.4 Construction and acceptance of automatic fire alarm system. In addition to the implementation of this specification, it shall also comply with the relevant national standards and regulations. ^[1]

The automatic fire alarm system detects hidden fire hazards and shoulders the responsibility of safety prevention. It is an intelligent building

(1) The main power supply is faulty. Check whether the input power is intact, whether the fuse is blown, and whether the contact is poor.

(2) The backup power supply is faulty. Check whether the charging device and battery are damaged and whether the connection is disconnected.

(3) Detector circuit failure. Check whether the wiring from the circuit to the fire detector is intact, whether the fire detector has been removed, and whether the terminal monitor is damaged.

(4) Misreporting a fire alarm. The site of the fire detector that should be misreported should be investigated for the presence of steam, oil, gas, dust, etc. that affect the normal operation of the fire detector. Fire detectors with frequent false alarms without other interference affecting normal operation should be replaced in a timely manner.

(5) Failures that cannot be ruled out at one time shall be immediately notified to the manufacturer, construction or professional maintenance unit to repair as soon as possible and resume normal work. ^[3]

However, we should also realize that due to the late start of the research and use of automatic fire alarm systems in China, especially the installation of automatic fire alarm systems on ships, there are many producing countries, and the requirements of different countries are different, plus other The reason, we found many problems during the fire supervision and inspection. The main problems are:

1. The operators of the automatic fire alarm system were transferred for various reasons, which caused some personnel who had not received special training to be transferred to the post, and they were not familiar with the working principle and operating rules of the system. In particular, the problems existing on the ship are more serious. In some ships, only a few people have a preliminary understanding of the ship's automatic fire alarm system. During the fire inspection of a certain oil tanker, we asked the captain, chief mate, and the sailor on duty about the automatic fire alarm system. Only the captain answered some questions. Once the system alarms, take contingency measures immediately.

Second, the automatic fire alarm system has not established the necessary rules and regulations. For example, the 24-hour duty system, the police handling system, the regular inspections, and the duty records, etc., some have not been implemented seriously. Some on duty personnel do not even make the duty records seriously. When checking the duty records of a certain unit, the system's printing paper has been used up. The duty officer did not check and copied the records of the previous shift and wrote them normally.

Third, the duty staff is not responsible, after the fire automatic alarm system alarms, not immediately take measures in accordance with regulations, but paralyzed, take it for granted, and silenced things. When checking in a hotel, there will be a smoke on the third floor

The problems listed above affect the normal use of the automatic fire alarm system. In addition to this, in addition to strengthening supervision and inspection, we also propose the following suggestions based on the problems that have arisen:

I. According to the "

In order to prevent the severe fire caused by the delayed alarm, the Public Security Fire Brigade of Henan Province recently issued the Opinions on Fire Safety Supervision in 2009, and the opinions required that cities and municipalities complete the task of constructing remote monitoring systems for urban fire safety by the end of the year. ^[4]