What are the different designs of Lidar systems?

In atmospheric studies, a system of detection and extent of Lidar (Lidar) is often used. Some of the different Systems of Lidar are MIE and Rayleigh Lidar, Raman and Differential Absorption Lidar, Doppler and Fluorescence Lidar and systems used as simple search engines or altimeters. The proposals vary depending on the subject, the required accuracy of the measurement and the circumstances of their deployment. Each type of system is a product of the assessment of the capabilities of available hardware and software and how it can be used to meet the measurement goals.

The Lidar system usually measures the laser reverse dispersion that reflects the laser light. It can be designed specifically for measuring direct laser reverse scattering, reverse scattering of the wavelength shift, the difference at the absorbent speed between two wavelengths, or the frequency change in the dispersed light. The basic system consists of a transmitter, receiver and data analysis folder. Lidar systems have EITHER bistatic or monostatic configurations. In MonostaThe transmitter and the receiver are located together, while in the bistatical design there are two separate.

Another design is the use of a biaxial or coaxial arrangement of the sensor. In the biaxial arrangement, the axis of the transmitter and receiver has a different orientation. The receiver can only be detected by the remedied light when the subject is outside a certain distance. The transmitter and receiver axis is the same in the coaxial arrangement.

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Lidar systems that use pulse lasers usually have a monostal configuration, but may have either biaxial or coaxial sensor arrangement. Systems using a continuous wave laser usually have a bistatical configuration. If the extent of the subject is relatively close, the coaxial arrangement of the transmitter and the receiver is generally preferred. If there is almost a goal is not a problem, a biaxial arrangement that would help avoid complications of nearbyo Laser reverse scattering.

various Lidar systems also use different laser wavelengths and various combinations of bandwidth and receivers. Other design considerations include requirements for use as a search or order of Lidar and whether the system will be in continuous operation or will only be used at night. Some designs use tunable lasers. These options are carefully selected to achieve a specific measurement goal.

The Lidar data analysis component uses various analytical techniques. MIE, Raylieigh, Raman and Fluorescence Lidars are designed to analyze different types of laser dispersion patterns. The scattering patterns depend on the wavelength. MIE analysis best describes dispersion formulas when the particles are approximately the same as the wavelength. Rayleigh analysis is more accurate for particles much smaller than Wavelthendged.

The Raylieigh and Mie designs are exploring the elastic reverse scattering in which the light of the same wavelength is the light as light. RamaN Lidar analyzes non -reverse dispersion. This is the result of a light shift slightly on the wavelength when the particles are reflected. The amount of shift can identify make -up and atmospheric concentration of reflecting particles. Lidar fluorescent uses a similar analysis to explore the backdrop of liquids and solids.

Doppler Lidar measures the shifts at the frequency of the reverse light to determine the temperature and speed or direction of the wind. Differential absorption transmits two wavelengths of light and measures the difference in the absorption of the atmosphere between the two wavelengths. Relative differences in absorption can identify aerosol concentrations.

Each of the different Lidar systems uses a unique configuration of hardware and software to perform a precise measurement of a particular quantitaze limited set of circumstances. More general systems such as police speed detector return less accurate results. In some systems, the analytical method is determined to be used in the data analysis folder,System hardware. In other available hardware, it dictates what systems to be used.