What Are the Different Types of Ethernet Cable?

Ethernet (Ethernet) is a network based on a bus topology and uses a distributed arbitration mechanism to resolve conflicts. There are three main speeds: 10Mbps, 100Mbps, and 1000Mbps.

Ethernet type

Ethernet (Ethernet) is a network based on a bus topology, which uses a distributed arbitration mechanism to resolve

IEEE

At the beginning Ethernet was only 10Mbps

10Mbps Ethernet is

Gigabit Ethernet technology, as the latest high-speed Ethernet technology, brings users an effective solution to improve the core network. The biggest advantage of this solution is that it inherits the advantages of cheap traditional Ethernet technology.

Gigabit technology is still Ethernet technology. It uses the same frame format, frame structure, network protocol, full / half duplex working mode, flow control mode, and wiring system as 10M Ethernet. Because this technology does not change the desktop application and operating system of traditional Ethernet, it can work well with 10M or 100M Ethernet. Upgrading to Gigabit Ethernet does not need to change network applications, network management components, and network operating systems, and can maximize investment protection. Therefore, the market prospect of this technology is very promising.

In order to be able to detect collisions with 64Bytes data frames, Gigabit Ethernet supports shorter distances. The network types supported by Gigabit Ethernet are shown in the following table:

Transmission medium distance

1000BaseCX Copper STP 25m

1000BaseT Copper Cat 5 UTP 100m

1000BaseSX Multi-mode Fiber 500m

1000BaseLX Single-mode Fiber 3000m

Gigabit Ethernet technology has two standards: IEEE802.3z and IEEE802.3ab. IEEE802.3z has formulated standards for optical fiber and short-range copper wire connection schemes, and has now completed standard-setting work. IEEE802.3ab has formulated standards for longer-distance connection schemes on Category 5 twisted pairs.

IEEE802.3z

The IEEE802.3z working group is responsible for developing full-duplex link standards for fiber optic (single-mode or multimode) and coaxial cables. IEEE802.3z defines 1000Base-X based on optical fiber and short-distance copper cable, adopts 8B / 10B coding technology, the channel transmission speed is 1.25Gbit / s, and realizes 1000Mbit / s transmission speed after decoupling. IEEE802.3z has the following Gigabit Ethernet standards:

(1) 1000Base-SX

1000Base-SX only supports multimode optical fibers. Multimode optical fibers with a diameter of 62.5um or 50um can be used. The working wavelength is 770-860nm and the transmission distance is 220-550m.

(2) 1000Base-LX 2

* Multimode fiber

1000Base-LX can use 62.5um or 50um multimode fiber, working wavelength range is 1270-1355nm, transmission distance is 550m.

* Single-mode fiber

1000Base-LX can support single-mode fiber with a diameter of 9um or 10um, the working wavelength range is 1270-1355nm, and the transmission distance is about 5km.

(3) 1000Base-CX uses a 150 ohm shielded twisted pair (STP) cable with a transmission distance of 25m.

2. IEEE802.3ab The IEEE802.3ab working group is responsible for formulating the Gigabit Ethernet standard for half-duplex links based on UTP, and producing the IEEE802.3ab standard and protocol. IEEE802.3ab defines the 1000Base-T standard based on Category 5 UTP, and its purpose is to transmit 100m at a rate of 1000 Mbit / s on Category 5 UTP.

The significance of the IEEE802.3ab standard has the following two points:

(1) Protect users' investments in Category 5 UTP cabling systems.

(2) 1000Base-T is a natural extension of 100Base-T and is fully compatible with 10Base-T and 100Base-T. However, reaching the transmission rate of 1000 Mbit / s on Category 5 UTP needs to solve the problems of Category 5 UTP crosstalk and attenuation. Therefore, the development task of IEEE802.3ab working group is more complicated than IEEE802.3z.