What Is a Fiber-Optic Gyroscope?
Modern fiber optic gyroscope is an instrument that can accurately determine the position of moving objects. It is a kind of inertial navigation instrument widely used in modern aviation, navigation, aerospace and national defense industry. Its development is important for a country's industry, national defense and other industries. The development of high technology is of great strategic significance.
- Traditional inertia
- Fiber Optic Gyro
- The implementation of fiber optic gyroscope is mainly based on
- 1Zero offset and zero drift
- Zero offset is the output of the gyroscope when the input angular velocity is zero (that is, the gyro is at a standstill). It is expressed by the equivalent input angular velocity corresponding to the average value of the output volume measured within a specified time. Ideally, it is the component of the earth's rotational angular velocity. Zero drift is zero bias stability, which means that when the input angular rate is zero, the degree of dispersion of the gyroscope's output around its zero bias mean is expressed by the equivalent input angular rate corresponding to the standard deviation of the output in a specified time. Zero drift is the most important and basic index to measure the accuracy of FOG (fiber optic gyroscope). The main cause of zero drift is the non-reciprocal phase shift error introduced in the fiber coil by the ambient temperature change along the fiber distribution. In order to stabilize the zero drift, it is often necessary to perform temperature control or temperature compensation on the IFOG. In addition, polarization will also have a certain effect on zero drift. In IFOG, polarization filtering and polarization maintaining fibers are often used to eliminate the effect of polarization on zero drift. [1]
- The main technologies that fiber optic gyroscopes need to break through are loss of sensitivity, noise, and fiber
- There are many ways to classify fiber optic gyroscopes. According to the working principle, it can be divided into three types: interference type, resonance type and stimulated Brillouin scattering fiber optic gyroscope. Among them, the interference fiber optic gyroscope is the first generation fiber optic gyroscope. It uses multi-turn fiber coils to enhance the Sagnac effect. It is currently the most widely used; it can be divided into open-loop fiber optic gyroscopes and
- 1 Marine applications
- Compass is an important navigation device for ships. There are mainly two types: magnetic compass and gyrocompass. With the development of fiber optic gyroscope technology and the improvement of commercialization level, fiber optic gyroscope has become a new member of marine navigation equipment, and has been used in commercial and military ships and marine equipment. The fiber optic gyroscope compass based on the strapdown inertial navigation system corresponds to the three axes of the ship's coordinate system. It can not only be used as a source of high-precision heading information to automatically find north or north, but also can be obtained Reliable data such as heading slewing rate, yaw, pitch angle, and heading speed of rotation, further promote the development of ship automation, ensure the ship's maneuvering effect and ensure navigation safety. [1]
- Since 1976
- United States
- America's
- Fiber optic gyroscopes have low cost and easy maintenance. They are replacing mechanical gyroscopes on many existing systems, thereby greatly improving system performance, reducing and maintaining system costs. Now, fiber optic gyro has fully utilized its advantages such as light weight, small size, low cost, high accuracy and high reliability, and is gradually replacing other types of gyro.
- The future research trends of fiber optic gyros are: (1) using three-axis measurement instead of single axis, research and development of multi-functional integrated optical chips, polarization maintaining technology, etc., to increase the miniaturization and low cost of fiber-optic gyros; (2) in-depth development 3. The application of low-precision fiber optic gyroscope, especially civil inertial navigation technology; (3) Strengthen the technology and application research of precision fiber-optic gyroscope, and develop new fiber-optic gyroscope B-FOG and FRLG.