What Are the Different Types of Sustainable Program?

Eight departments including the United Nations Development and Reform Commission of the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Water Resources and the State Forestry Administration have formulated the "Construction Plan for the National Agricultural Sustainable Development Experimental Demonstration Zone".

Construction plan of national agricultural sustainable development experimental demonstration zone

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Notice on Printing and Distributing the Construction Plan of the National Agricultural Sustainable Development Experimental Demonstration Zone

Provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps agriculture (agriculture, animal husbandry, rural economy), development and reform, science and technology, finance, land and resources, environmental protection, water resources, forestry departments (committees, bureaus):
In order to implement the requirements of the Outline of the 13th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, the National Agricultural Sustainable Development Plan (2015-2030), and the 2016 Central Document No. 1 on the construction of the pilot demonstration area for sustainable agricultural development , Jointly promote the sustainable development of agriculture and accelerate the process of agricultural modernization. The National Development and Reform Commission of the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Water Resources and the State Forestry Administration formulated the "National Agricultural Sustainable Development Test The "Plan for the Construction of Demonstration Zones" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") is now being issued to you.
In accordance with the requirements of the "Plan", carefully organize and carry out the construction of national agricultural sustainable development experimental demonstration zones in the province (region, city). Please submit the status of the establishment of the pilot demonstration area, the list of participants in the establishment, and related creation materials to the Ministry of Agriculture, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Water Resources, State Forestry Administration. ^[1]

Construction plan of national agricultural sustainable development experimental demonstration zone ^[1]

Recently, eight departments including the United Nations Development and Reform Commission of the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Water Resources and the State Forestry Administration have formulated the "Construction Plan for the Demonstration Zone of National Agricultural Sustainable Development", Interpreting the Plan and promoting sustainable agricultural development, the reporter interviewed Liu Beihua, deputy director of the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Agriculture.

Q: The 13th Five-Year Plan and the Central Government Document No. 1 this year (2016) set clear requirements for sustainable agricultural development. What is the significance of the Plan for us to promote sustainable agricultural development?

Answer: Sustainable development is a strategic adjustment of the current economic development mode. It is imperative to promote sustainable agricultural development. Building a national agricultural sustainable development experimental demonstration zone is an important starting point for implementing the concept of green development, promoting the construction of ecological civilization, changing the mode of agricultural development, complementing the shortcomings of resources and the environment, accelerating agricultural modernization, and promoting sustainable agricultural development. The "Plan" was jointly formulated by eight departments, the purpose of which is to jointly promote the construction of the National Agricultural Sustainable Development Experimental Demonstration Zone, to explore a sustainable agricultural development model that conforms to China's different regional characteristics, and strive to embark on a path of sustainable agricultural development with Chinese characteristics Significant.

Question: What is the framework for the construction of the National Agricultural Sustainable Development Pilot Area? What is the goal?

A: The overall idea is to thoroughly implement the spirit of the 18th CPC National Congress and the 3rd, 4th, and 5th Plenary Sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee, adhere to the development concepts of innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing, and establish respect for nature, conform to nature, and protect The concept of natural ecological civilization, with agricultural industry, resources and environment, and sustainable rural society as the goals, focusing on efficient use of resources, governance of environmental problems, protection and restoration of ecology, and overall design of coordinated development plans among various industries in different types of natural ecological zones, Innovate a batch of agricultural sustainable development integration technologies, form a batch of agricultural sustainable development models suitable for different types of characteristics, build a group of healthy agricultural sustainable development mechanisms, and provide experimental demonstrations for comprehensively promoting sustainable agricultural development.

Our goal is to gradually match the agricultural industry layout and resource and environmental carrying capacity of the pilot demonstration area by 2020, make positive progress in transforming agricultural development methods, gradually improve the level of agricultural resource protection and utilization efficiency, and basically establish a system of accounting for important agricultural resources. Outstanding problems in the agricultural environment have achieved periodic results, ecosystem functions have gradually improved, rural environments have improved significantly, and rural areas have become more beautiful and livable. By 2030, a new pattern of sustainable agricultural development with strong supply guarantees, efficient resource utilization, good production environment, stable ecosystems, rich peasant life, and beautiful rural scenery will be basically established nationwide.

Question: In the National Agricultural Sustainable Development Experimental Demonstration Zone, what are the main contents to be experimentally demonstrated? What are the key points?

A: At present, there are usually two levels of understanding of the concept of sustainable development. Sustainable development in the narrow sense focuses on the field of resources and environment, and sustainable development in a broad sense covers economic, social and environmental aspects. We believe that achieving sustainable agricultural development requires not only sustainable resources and the environment, but also production and development, increasing farmers' income, and livability in the countryside. Therefore, the experimental demonstration content is based on sustainable development in a broad sense, including the three aspects of agricultural industry, resources and environment, and sustainable rural society. First, the agricultural industry is sustainable. Adjust and optimize industrial structure, strengthen infrastructure construction, and improve comprehensive agricultural production capacity. Reasonably determine the appropriate scale of industrial development, develop circular agriculture, and promote the coordinated advancement of industrial development and resources and the environment. Second, resources and environment are sustainable. Strictly protect the cultivated land and improve its quality. Make full use of surface water and natural precipitation, control the use of groundwater, and develop efficient water-saving agriculture. Scientific application of agricultural inputs. Prevent and control agricultural non-point source pollution, and realize basic resource utilization of straw, livestock and poultry manure, agricultural film and other waste. Carry out heavy metal pollution control. Carry out grassland and wetland protection, conservation of animals and plants, aquatic ecosystems and fisheries resources, and construction of farmland shelterbelts. Third, rural society is sustainable. Carry out rural environment improvement, develop leisure agriculture, protect agricultural cultural heritage, and build beautiful and livable villages. Cultivate new management entities and strengthen training for new farmers. Innovate and improve the benign operation mechanism of agricultural waste collection, storage, transportation and utilization, and village appearance management.

At the same time, due to the different industrial characteristics and development priorities of planting, animal husbandry, and fisheries, there are also differences in regional resource endowments and outstanding issues. We have also clarified the industrial and regional priorities while proposing the main content of the experimental demonstration.

Based on the development foundations of agricultural industries such as plantation, animal husbandry, and fisheries, the development focus is highlighted. Among them, the plantation industry highlights the protection of resources, adjustment of structure, and green production, including the implementation of the strictest cultivated land protection system, protection and improvement of cultivated land quality, and development of dry rain Raising agriculture, efficient water-saving agriculture, promoting water-saving agricultural technology, promoting the adjustment of planting structure, launching green high-yield and efficient creation, and zero growth in fertilizer and pesticide use. The livestock industry has focused on optimizing the layout, manure pollution, and large-scale farming, including optimizing the regional layout of the livestock industry, adjusting the layout of the pig breeding structure in the southern water network area, changing the production mode of the livestock industry in the region, and promoting waste resources such as manure and dead animals. Utilization, development of various forms of large-scale breeding. Fisheries have focused on optimizing the layout, protecting the water environment, and conserving resources, including optimizing the aquaculture space layout, transforming the development mode of aquaculture, and promoting healthy aquaculture. Conserve aquatic biological resources, improve fishing closures and bans, promote fishermen's reduction of ships and production, and strengthen breeding and release, marine pastures, and protected area construction. At the same time, the combination of planting and raising, agriculture and animal husbandry, agriculture and fishery will be implemented to promote the integration and development of the industry.

From a regional perspective, it is necessary to base the regional agricultural sustainable development priorities on the premise of strict protection of natural ecosystems based on different regional resources and environmental conditions. For example, the Northeast region focuses on protecting black land, controlling groundwater extraction, and building an integrated agricultural industry chain; the Huanghuaihai District focuses on controlling overexploitation of groundwater, prohibiting burning of straw, reducing fertilizer and pesticide application, and improving the quality of cultivated land.

Q: How will we proceed from the working level in the construction of the experimental demonstration area? Sustainable agricultural development involves multiple sectors and fields. How to effectively guarantee it from the mechanism?

Answer: During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the experimental demonstration area will take the form of "create first, determine later, and then demonstrate." Based on the clear establishment of units and development activities in each province (autonomous region, municipality), the Ministry of Agriculture together with relevant departments The actual creation results are selected and evaluated annually to determine a batch of experimental demonstration areas, and the experience demonstration is popularized. In the main body of construction, in order to facilitate implementation and management, the experimental demonstration area is based on natural ecological divisions, and in principle the main body of construction is county-level people's governments. The main body applying for the establishment of the experimental demonstration area should meet the following basic conditions: First, the agricultural sustainable development work has a good foundation, resources protection and utilization, agricultural environmental governance, and agricultural ecological protection and construction work are fully carried out, agricultural resources are clear, and the development intensity is reasonable. Secondly, it has strong technological support and has a stable technical support unit. It has formed a set of clear technical routes in the introduction, integration, experimentation, demonstration and promotion of sustainable agricultural technologies and models. The third is a high degree of organizational management.

In terms of construction steps, considering the different foundations of sustainable agricultural development in various regions, many tasks are still in their infancy and need to be actively explored and promoted. We divided the construction of the experimental demonstration area into three phases: experimental creation, evaluation and determination, and demonstration promotion. The first is the trial creation phase, which was started in 2016. The Ministry of Agriculture and relevant ministries and commissions jointly issued a notice on the construction of the pilot demonstration area. Each province chose to select no more than five county-level subjects to start the creation. The second was the evaluation and determination phase. In accordance with the principle of "mature batch to determine a batch", in accordance with the procedures of "the application for creation of the main body, the recommendation of the provincial agricultural administrative department in conjunction with relevant departments and bureaus, and determination by the Ministry of Agriculture in conjunction with the relevant ministries and commissions", the pilot demonstration area will be determined from 2017. jobs. The third stage is the demonstration and promotion stage. The summary of the experience in the construction of the experimental demonstration zone is carried out in a timely manner. The mature technical paths, development models and operating mechanisms are researched and summarized, and the demonstration and promotion are carried out.

The Plan also specifies the safeguard measures to promote the construction of the pilot demonstration area. In construction management, the eight departments of the Ministry of Agriculture, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Water Resources and the State Forestry Administration jointly promoted the establishment of work coordination under the leadership of the Ministry of Agriculture The group is responsible for organizing and leading the work. At the same time, an expert committee is established to be responsible for the consultation and demonstration of major issues in the construction of the pilot demonstration area. Provincial people's governments are responsible for the organization, leadership and work guidance of the construction of provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) experimental demonstration zones.

At the same time, it is required to strengthen policy support. Agricultural departments at all levels should actively strive for policy support for the establishment of experimental demonstration areas. Existing projects of various agricultural resources and ecological environment funds should be tilted towards experimental demonstration areas. All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) shall promulgate relevant policies and regulations for the construction of provincial-level agricultural sustainable development and experimental demonstration zones.

In management assessment, the assessment management mechanism of target assessment, dynamic management, and ability to enter and exit will be adopted, and annual assessment will be carried out on the basis of tracking and monitoring. qualifications. ^[2]