What Is the Asian Development Bank?

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is a regional intergovernmental financial development institution dedicated to promoting the economic and social development of developing members in Asia and the Pacific. Since 1999, ADB has placed special emphasis on poverty reduction as its primary strategic goal. It is not a subsidiary of the United Nations, but it is an institution sponsored by the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific ( ^[1] UN ESCAP) and has close links with the United Nations and its regional and specialized agencies.

Asian Development Bank

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is a

The purpose of establishing ADB is to help developing members in the Asia-Pacific region to eradicate poverty through development assistance and promote

Its specific tasks are: supervision and manipulation

1. Developing for the Asia-Pacific region

ADB's publications include Annual Report, ADB Quarterly Review, Asian Development Outlook, and Telecommunications.

ADB has regional members from Asia and the Pacific, and from Europe and

ADB's organizational structure is mainly the board of directors and the board of directors. The council composed of all member representatives is the highest authority and decision-making body of ADB. It is responsible for accepting new members, changing the share capital, electing directors and presidents, and amending the articles of association. It usually meets once a year and each member of the ADB sends a director participate. The president is the bank's legal representative, elected by the council and serving a term of five years, renewable.

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is a regional financial institution in Asia and the Pacific. As of December 1963

Since China joined the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in 1986, the two sides have conducted extensive cooperation in economic development, poverty eradication, and environmental protection. The number of cooperation projects has grown from more than 90 in 2013.

By 2013, China was already the second largest borrower, the largest user of technical assistance grants, and the third largest shareholder in ADB worldwide.

ADB China, July 1, 1987

Asian Development Bank in China

Directors' Office was formally established

Since 1994, China has become the largest annual borrower. All ADB loans to China are hard loans with annual interest rates ranging from 6.5 to 6.9 and loan terms ranging from 15 to 25 years. As of June 1996, ADB had provided US $ 925.2 million in technical assistance grants to 219 projects in China for the preliminary preparation of loan projects.

In 1998, ADB provided clean technical assistance to China for the first time, with a total value of 3.51 million US dollars for post-flood reconstruction in Heilongjiang and Jilin. ADB also provided $ 7.7 million to help China develop a policy and regulatory framework for the consulting industry.

On June 16, 2000, the ADB Representative Office in China was established in Beijing.

As of December 31, 2001, ADB's commitment to China's hard loans totaled US $ 11.3 billion, involving multiple fields and industries, of which the top three were transportation and communications (49.3%) and energy (accounting for 17.4%) and social infrastructure (7.5%).

The projects implemented by China using ADB loans include major projects such as the Beijing-Kowloon Railway, Shanghai Suzhou River Governance, and Beijing Environmental Protection. China has built 3,000 kilometers of highways, 5,515 kilometers of railways, and improved 4,500 kilometers of highways connecting poor counties in China using ADB investment. In 2001, the multilateral financial institution also approved the provision of loans to assist China in flood control of the Yellow River, the second largest river in the country, with a loan amount of US $ 150 million.

In addition, as of the end of 2001, ADB's commitment to China's technical assistance grants totaled $ 196 million, of which $ 12.4 million in 2001 involved 20 projects.

As one of ADB's major shareholders, China also actively participates in ADB affairs and plays an important role in ADB's strategic policy formulation, business operations, and regional economic cooperation. Under the ADB framework, China has participated in regional cooperation projects such as the Greater Mekong Subregional Economic Cooperation, Central Asian Regional Economic Cooperation, and the Economic Cooperation of the Republic of Mongolia, and has promoted the development of regional economic cooperation through the ASEAN "10 Plus 3" mechanism. Made a positive contribution.

With the implementation of China's western development strategy, accession to the World Trade Organization and changes in ADB policies,

Wen Jiabao Meets with Asian Bank President in 2007

Cooperation between China and ADB has begun to show new development trends. To help China meet development challenges, ADB's business strategy is focusing on improving management mechanisms, strengthening environmental protection and natural resource management, and promoting economic growth to reduce poverty in inland provinces. ADB will also adjust China s aid plan in line with China s development strategy, planning to use 70% of China s annual loans to the central and western regions, and support the development of private enterprises.

It is reported that in the next three years, ADB's loans to China will reach 3.5 billion U.S. dollars. Most of these loan projects will be directed to inland provinces, especially the western region. These include highway development in southern Sichuan, western Yunnan, Shanxi, Ningxia, Guangxi, and Hunan; railways in Hubei-Chongqing and Zhongwei-Taiyuan; urban highway development in Xi'an; clean energy projects in Gansu Province; At the same time, the Asian Development Bank also co-financed with the Global Environment Facility to carry out projects related to land degradation.

According to the Financial Times on December 10, 2015, the Asian Development Bank approved a US $ 300 million loan on the same day to help improve Beijing's air quality. An ADB expert said that despite China's efforts, "the pollution problem is still there", the root cause lies in the economic and industrial structure of Hebei Province. Seven of the ten most polluted cities in China are located in Hebei Province. To this end, the loan will be used to reduce coal use in Hebei Province, the problem is the main cause of air pollution in Beijing and Tianjin. ^[10]

In March 2016, ^[11] the Quancheng Green Modern Trolley Bus Demonstration Project jointly declared by the Shandong Provincial Department of Finance and the Development and Reform Commission was successfully shortlisted for a new round of three-year rolling alternative project planning for the Asian Development Bank loan, which is also the first in Shandong Province. Transport projects to be supported by loans from the Asian Development Bank.

The project intends to use a loan of US $ 150 million from the Asian Development Bank. The main construction contents include: modern trolleybus network, bus station system reform, public transportation corridor, upgrade of bus intelligent dispatch system, and supporting facilities and capacity building