What Are the Different Types of Procurement Courses?

The major of procurement and supply management is to meet the needs of the development of a socialist market economy. It provides procurement and supply positions for wholly-owned or above-owned, joint ventures, state-owned, private enterprises or government departments, and trains management personnel who are in line with international standards and meet the needs of a socialist market economy. . Cultivate and master modern procurement and supply theory, familiar with transnational procurement and supply practices, have strong market analysis and processing capabilities, modern enterprise procurement and supply management capabilities, systematically grasp economic, legal, and related knowledge, and have the ability to participate in domestic and international market competition. Talent.

Purchasing and Supply Management

(major)

Professional Overview of Purchasing and Supply Management

Purchasing uses various methods, including purchasing, leasing, lending, and exchange, to obtain the right to use or own ownership of goods and services to meet the demand for use. Supply refers to the supplier or seller providing products and services to buyers In the whole process of supply, supply also means that the purchasing department purchases the goods that the company needs to meet its own internal needs, so procurement and supply are two complementary processes.

Purchasing and Supply Management Professional Objectives

The goal of the purchasing and supply management profession is to obtain the required goods at the right time and place at the right price and service. This goal can be specifically expressed as:

Provide uninterrupted materials, supplies and services;

Keep inventory investments and losses to a minimum;

maintain and improve quality;

Find or develop competitive suppliers;

When conditions permit, standardize the purchases;

(I) Obtaining the required supplies and services at the lowest total cost;

Establish a harmonious and efficient working relationship between the enterprise and other functional departments;

Achieving procurement goals with the lowest possible administrative costs;

Improve the company's competitive position.

Professional role in purchasing and supply management

Purchasing and supply management major has five aspects: profit leverage, return on assets, information source, operating efficiency, and competitive advantage.

The profit leverage of purchasing means that when the purchasing cost is reduced by one percentage point, the profit rate of the enterprise will rise by a higher proportion. This is because procurement costs account for a relatively large proportion of the company's total costs, generally above 50%, and this ratio is much higher than the pre-tax profit margin. For example, a company's sales revenue is 50 million yuan, assuming its pre-tax profit margin is 4%, and the procurement cost is 50% of sales revenue, then a 1% reduction in procurement cost will bring about 250,000 yuan in cost savings. That is, the profit rose to 2.25 million yuan, and the profit margin increased by 12.5%. It can be seen that the profit leverage effect is very significant.

The role of return on assets refers to the huge effect of the reduction in procurement costs on enterprises to improve the rate of return on assets. The return on assets refers to the ratio of the company's net profit to the total assets of the company. It is expressed by the formula: return on assets = net profit / total assets. This formula can be converted into:

Return on assets = (net profit / sales revenue) × (sales revenue / total assets)

The content in the first bracket on the right side of the formula is called profit rate, and the content in the second bracket is called asset turnover rate (investment turnover rate). In this way, the return on assets can be expressed as the profit rate of the enterprise and the total asset turnover The product of rates. When the purchase cost drops by a certain percentage, the profit margin effect can increase the profit margin by a larger percentage. On the other hand, if the purchasing cost is reduced, the same amount of inventory will occupy less capital, that is, the assets will be reduced, which will increase the investment turnover rate. The product of the two is a larger proportion. Capital market financing.

As for the role of information source, operation efficiency, and effect on corporate competitive advantage, it is easier to understand, and we will not analyze them one by one here. In short, with the increasing market competition and the development of management concepts and methods, procurement is playing an increasingly important role in the enterprise, and the procurement department will certainly exert a far-reaching influence in the future.

Professional Planning for Purchasing and Supply Management

Procurement Management in Modern Enterprises

The highest realm of procurement work: from a qualified supplier (Right supplier), within the right time (Right time), at a reasonable price (Right price), to obtain the right quantity (Right quantity) to meet the quality requirements Goods and services.

Professional trends

There are countless possibilities for the development of future procurement functions. There are four key trends that most likely fundamentally affect future procurement practices:

1. Globalization trend;

2. Industry merger;

3. Technology;

4, chain synchronization;

5. Centralization trend of procurement management (efficiency / step);

6. Professionalization trend of procurement management (product principles, performance requirements, market conditions, price trends, supplier strength, quality assurance capabilities, production capabilities and planning capabilities)

7. The functionalization trend of procurement management (separating from production, doing procurement demand analysis, procurement planning, capital occupation, and processing supply relationships to form strategic supply relationships);

8. Strategic supply : forming a supply chain and value chain with low cost, fast response and good service;

The core content of modern procurement

Problems and problems

Lost purchase targets, high purchase prices

The purchase object is wrong, the supplier "intentionally" makes trouble

Product data is not allowed messy procurement process

Quality requirements are vague and time is tight

Unclear technical status Frequent plan changes

Tight procurement departments with partial deviations

Arrival plan chaos a small number of multiple varieties single

Formulate purchasing strategy goals

Perform a needs analysis and write a demand proposal

Procurement activities: one-time procurement activities, repetitive procurement activities;

Supplier development process:

Preliminary selection and selection conditions, establishment of detailed content and step details, search for potential suppliers, implementation of evaluations in accordance with the steps, review and approval of evaluation conclusions, approval of qualified suppliers, establishment of a qualified supplier archives office, delivery supervision and evaluation, survival of the fittest, Counselor, supervision and resolution

Identify self-needs, and at the same time develop criteria for screening / elements of supplier evaluation;

Search for potential suppliers by:

Domestic and foreign procurement guide

Product launch conferences at home and abroad

Domestic and foreign news media

the Internet

phone book

Domestic and foreign product exhibitions

Orders for various commodities organized by the government

Domestic and foreign industry associations

Various manufacturers' associations and trade unions at home and abroad

Government-related statistical reports or publications

Professional third-party agency

Manufacturer Introduction

internal staff

Supplier basic certification

The supplier's basic certification is the subject of supplier qualification management. New suppliers need to provide the following materials:

1. Business documents (business license, tax registration certificate, credit rating, registered capital, business scope);

2. Industry capital and certificates, quality system documents;

3. Resources (factory distribution, transportation, technical support, service level)

4.Customer list

5. SWOT analysis of the company;

Five characteristics of a good supplier:

Perfect enterprise management system

Excellent leadership and high-quality management staff

Stable grassroots employees

Good site management and planning capabilities

Advanced production technology and excellent equipment;