What Does a Digital Product Manager Do?

Zhao Yi, male, born in Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, is currently the product manager of Beijing Feissman Heating Technology Co., Ltd. and a director of China Solar Thermal Industry Association.

Zhao Yi

(Solar Product Manager)

Participated in the drafting of China's solar thermal utilization industry national standards, mainly engaged in solar thermal utilization product management, new product research and development, market strategic planning, solar hot water system design and application.

Energy saving and environmental protection are eternal topics

Moderator: Hello everyone on Sina! Today, the guest of Sina Home Guest Chat Room is Mr. Zhao Yi, solar product manager of Beijing Feisman Heating Technology Co., Ltd. Mr. Zhao also came to our chat room for the first time.

Zhao Yi: Hello everyone on Sina!

Moderator: Mr. Zhao is the manager responsible for solar energy products. Today we only have one key word, which is solar energy. Today, I would like to ask you to do some popular science for us here. The meaning of solar energy, we only knew about solar energy in general before. Can you give us a more professional term explanation here?

Zhao Yi: Professionals dare not say. Briefly introduce to you some basic meanings of solar energy. Solar energy, as its name implies, is an energy source from the sun. It is a kind of energy generated by the continuous nuclear fusion inside the sun. This energy is very huge and very long-lasting. The resources of solar energy reaching the surface of the earth through radiated energy are only one billionth of the total solar energy.

Zhao Yi participated in the Sina Guest interview

How much is this total energy? It is 170,000 terawatts, which is equivalent to conversion. The energy that the sun radiates to the earth's surface every second can be equivalent to the energy released by 5 million tons of standard coal, so it is a very huge amount of energy. In a broad sense, wind energy, water energy, and tidal energy on the earth, including some biomass energy, are all derived from solar energy. It can also be said that even these biomass energy and fossil fuels on the earth, such as our commonly used coal, oil, and natural gas, are solar energy stored in ancient times. In a narrow sense, solar energy is actually a direct conversion of the sun's photothermal, photovoltaic, and photochemistry.

Moderator: You also mentioned traditional energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas. We know that in this society, we are talking about low-carbon and environmental protection. These can have their own shortcomings, especially in green environmental protection. on. May I ask if solar energy has its disadvantages?

Zhao Yi: Yes, too. As we all know, solar energy is an energy-saving, environmentally friendly, green resource, and it is a renewable, disposable energy source, which is very good. But it has some inherent shortcomings, mainly two major points. The first is that the energy density of solar energy is relatively low, that is, the intensity we can use is relatively weak. Second, the intensity of solar energy is affected by many factors, such as regional influences, seasonal effects, and climatic effects, all of which affect the intensity of solar energy. It cannot be a constant. For example, Beijing has different weather resources and different climates for each square meter of solar energy resources available. So how can we comprehensively utilize this resource? This is a breakthrough point in our research.

Moderator : We know that the distribution of oil in the world is different. Many countries want to buy oil and natural gas from other countries. I want to know if there is such a bias for solar energy? Does the sun have regional restrictions on the energy distribution of each country?

Zhao Yi: Yes, this question you asked is very good. China is a country with vast land and natural resources. The north-south and east-west directions are about 5,000 kilometers or more. Within China's vast area, China's solar energy resources are actually regularly distributed. We can give a few specific points, such as between 20 degrees and 35 degrees north latitude. This area is a distribution center of high and low energy values in China.

What is high? The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a solar-rich area with the highest altitude and the best light conditions. The Sichuan Basin is affected by the environment, seasons, and rainy weather, and it is the poorest region in China for solar energy. So in this area we can form a very obvious contrast, one is the area with the highest value of solar energy and the area with the lowest value.

The distribution of other regions can be understood in this way, and it has a sense of hierarchy, that is, a step hierarchy that forms a strong west but a weak east and a strong north and a weak south. In other words, the distribution of solar energy resources in China is very regular, which is a pattern of the distribution of solar energy resources in the entire map of China.

Moderator: You just talked about the distribution of solar energy resources in China. How do we compare with other countries?

Zhao Yi: China's resources are very good, because we are basically similar to the United States in the same latitudes, but far superior to Europe. This is the entire resource distribution.

Moderator: In other words, our resources are good in terms of resources.

Zhao Yi: That's right.

Moderator: I would like to know whether we have a gap with other more advanced countries in the world in terms of utilization and development?

Zhao Yi: In fact, China has a long history of developing solar energy, and it has a lot of its own patented intellectual property rights, as well as its own products and new projects. Therefore, in the field of solar energy, the development of solar energy in China and Europe is basically synchronous. So from a historical perspective, we are not too late to develop in the solar industry. However, there is still a certain gap in some technical fields, especially in the field of high-end production and processing accuracy. We can learn from many advanced production and R & D experiences in Europe, including the use of solar energy, because there are design, construction, and installation. Many things are not very standard in the current domestic situation, and Europe is just the opposite. Under perfect conditions, their design and construction utilization are very complete, including supporting software to cooperate with the design, so it is a very good and very efficient application method that we can apply and learn from.

Owner: When netizens hear the word solar, they must think of a water heater for the first time. Secondly, we are more common now that there are some street lights on the street that are powered by solar panels. Then there is us on TV. Often see the emergence of vehicles such as solar cars. Could you tell us what exactly can solar energy be used for? Can you classify us?

Zhao Yi: In fact, solar energy can do a lot of things. At present, we are generally divided into two categories in the domestic application field, one is the photovoltaic utilization of solar energy, and the other is the solar thermal utilization. Like the street lamp and solar battery car you just mentioned, it belongs to the photoelectric conversion and utilization of solar energy.

The so-called photoelectric utilization refers to the photoelectric effect of solar energy. Through a solar energy conversion device, mainly a solar cell, the solar energy is directly converted into electrical energy for storage and utilization. This is photoelectric utilization.

Today we are mainly talking about the solar thermal utilization. In fact, the use of light and heat is currently the most widely used form in China, with the lowest cost and the most widely used fields. It is an absorption device that passes solar energy. We call it a solar collector. Solar collectors convert the radiant energy of the sun into thermal energy, store and use it through other media, and heat other objects. This kind of heat utilization is obtained. This is what we call solar light and heat utilization.

Moderator: Just now you mentioned the use of light and heat. You were talking about solar collectors. Is there a classification for this solar collector?

Zhao Yi: Yes. In fact, we are currently divided into three categories. In fact, before, solar water heaters can be divided into four categories. Our four categories are divided according to the age of historical development. For example, the earliest is called "slushing type". If you have an impression, there is a large black barrel in the countryside a long time ago. This barrel is painted with black paint and put on heat. People can take a bath with water and sun. This is one of the earliest forms of solar energy utilization, called the "sense sun type", and it has now withdrawn from the market.

Later we discovered that it is called "all-glass vacuum tube solar water heater", which is a lot of completely sealed glass. There is water in the glass and a water tank on it. This glass tube is directly inserted into the water tank.

Moderator: That is also commonly used in families now?

Zhao Yi: Yes, we can think that this is the second generation product, which should have appeared in the 1970s and 1980s, and has been used for nearly 30 years. This product is cheaper and cheaper. Therefore, many such applications can be seen in the market, including this type of home appliances going to the countryside, and the state advocates that this product be widely promoted to the rural market.

The third type of product is called a "flat-plate collector". We said that many flat-plate structures originated in Europe and Australia. It solves the problem of water flowing in all-glass vacuum tubes. In winter, you will consider solar energy to blow up the tube and freeze it. There will be broken pipes, and the system cannot be applied after breaking. A flat plate is not. A flat plate is an upgrade. It is a completely enclosed plate, that is, there is no leakage of the medium after the plate is broken.

Zhao Yi participated in the Sina Guest interview

Moderator: What material is this board?

Zhao Yi: There is an endothermic coating inside. The endothermic coating is made of copper as the material. It has a selective absorption coating and a coating on it. This film is a model that converts light energy into heat energy. There is a coil type inside, we are a copper coil, which uses a heat conducting medium, which can be water or antifreeze. We set it according to different areas. One of their benefits is that I don't need to place the water tank on the roof at all now. It can be placed in the basement. The collector is also very beautiful. This product can solve the safety hazards of not frosting the pipes in winter, and it is also beautiful.

More advanced than that, we call the fourth product, heat pipe vacuum tube collector. The so-called flat plate, the inherent problem we have just solved, but the flat plate itself is not vacuum, that is, the plate absorbs heat quickly, and it also dissipates heat quickly. In order to solve this problem, each plate is subdivided into vacuum tubes one by one. This vacuum tube is not equivalent to the all-glass vacuum tube that we said at the beginning. It is a metal structure and a completely sealed glass. Structure, inside each vacuum tube is completely vacuum.

In other words, compared to a flat panel, it absorbs the same amount of heat, and it does not dissipate heat, so its heat can be better converted, that is, we also absorb heat without dissipating heat, and the heat loss is very low. high. We are now calling the fourth generation of solar products, heat pipe vacuum tubes, which have the highest technical content and application fields.

Moderator: I have a question. With the continuous upgrade of the collector, its cost is actually increasing. Although we do not pay for the source of solar energy, the R & D costs must be higher and higher. How can we make new products replace the more traditional products and make it more popular in this market?

Zhao Yi: In fact, in the entire product development, Fisman, as you said, has invested a lot of research and development funds and manpower and resources in this continuous transformation, innovative design, which will inevitably lead to the launch of every new product, which may be affected by performance. Increases have driven up costs.

But we use another way of thinking and thinking to do, there is a kind of traditional product that can not be done, can be promoted in the new product. It is bound to cause us to produce on a large scale, which can expand the entire production scale, which means that the cost caused by mass production can be reduced. And in October last year, we realized the localization of the entire heat pipe production line. In other words, the most advanced fourth-generation heat pipe production products in Europe were placed in China, which greatly reduced its production costs, that is, promoted a product with the highest cost performance to users. In this way, we Visman not only solves the high-end technology, but also solves the problem of increasing the cost of the product market. In this way, we will rely on the entire large-scale production and mass production to solve the cost problem.

Moderator: I follow this question to ask a more acute question. I think that in addition to solar energy products, there are other products at the same time. Although our whole society is advocating green, environmental protection and low energy, I would like to know what is the proportion of other products and solar energy products in our company?

Zhao Yi: Visman's development has a history of more than 100 years. It can be said that Visman used to start from making boilers, from oil-fired gas boilers to condensing technology boilers and high heating value boilers. In addition, Viessmann is continuously developing renewable energy products. Solar energy is one of the renewable energy products.

It also includes biomass, ground-source heat pump products, and other products used in photothermal applications. The Viessmann product range is very comprehensive. However, we can see a trend. It is a trend in which conventional energy is converted to renewables. It is also a situation that caters to the current global climate warming, energy shortage, and depletion of oil and gas. Therefore, Fisman hopes to comprehensively use all the products. It is not a single one. For example, I sell you a solar energy and sell you a boiler. This is not the case.

It hopes to promote a concept that all products can be integrated perfectly and perfectly, and it is precisely such a concept that is realized in the Viessmann factory. All the controls, all the logic, all the principles have to go through the overall design of Viessmann. That is to say, you buy a Visman boiler, and then buy a Visman solar energy. The two can be docked and have interfaces. This is impossible for other brands, but it can be done in Visman.

This will inevitably cause you to first use renewable energy, one-time renewable energy-saving products. When renewable energy is insufficient, I will use conventional energy, such as boilers, geothermal heat pumps as auxiliary energy. In this way, the entire system is very energy-efficient in application and achieves the maximum use of renewable energy. This is also a philosophy of Viessmann, which is to hope that all heating series products can be perfectly matched and combined.

Moderator: I can understand this, in fact, the concept of energy conservation and environmental protection has penetrated into the big idea of Viessmann's overall planning?

Zhao Yi: That's right.

Moderator: In the next session, please tell us about our solar products.

Zhao Yi: All right. Viessmann products are different from the vacuum tube products we say in China at present, we mainly have three main types of products. The first type is called flat plate type heat collector; the second type is called DC type vacuum tube heat collector; the third type is called heat pipe type vacuum tube heat collector. Flat plate collectors, because of the large proportion of flat plates in the European application field, we can say that the market share of vacuum tubes and flat plates in China can be said to be 9: 1. However, in Europe, the opposite is true. Flat plate collectors may account for 70%, and vacuum tubes may only be distributed in such a proportion.

Therefore, Fisman has been produced in the field of flat plate collectors 30 years ago, and it has already been on a large scale, and it is at the front of the entire industry. Since the 90s, Viessmann has begun to study heat pipe type including DC vacuum tube collectors, which is based on the original flat plate technology, because we are improving product performance and improving product efficiency. The philosophy is that efficiency is paramount and safety is paramount.

Our products must first provide users with an efficient product, and at the same time provide users with a complete security, because a design concept of the Germans is to hope that the entire system is a safe and reliable system. Many people talk about solar energy Change, because users who have been harmed by non-standard products, such as winter, my solar energy leaks, my solar energy freezes, and I ca nt use it all winter. Viessmann's first consideration is that users are safer to use and more efficient to use.

The so-called high efficiency more reflects the theory of energy saving. The more I improve the efficiency of my product, the more energy I can save on conventional oil and gas. Therefore, the flat panel or heat pipe collector provided by Viessmann, I think it can be promoted in the domestic, especially in the urban market in a large area of an emerging collector product.

Moderator: You just talked about the safety of our product and its efficiency. I would like to ask, as a female consumer, does our product look beautiful?

Zhao Yi: Very beautiful. If you have the opportunity to visit our headquarters to visit our headquarters product line, the production of each unit is very refined, it is not just about performance, because Viessmann products have process design concepts in it, including its appearance, The colors, including the location of the LOGO, are very beautiful in terms of color and design. Including Vismann's inherent heat-absorbing film, which is an original imported German selective absorption coating, this layer is a light blue light. In fact, inside the house, you can see that the collector is just like a skylight. You can't see the water tank at all. You will think that it is very beautiful in combination with the building.

In fact, the installation of solar energy is not just to meet the functional requirements. It is actually a design concept of architectural aesthetics. You will feel that installing Visman Solar is a very fashionable enjoyment.

Zhao Yi participated in the Sina Guest interview

Moderator: The following question may not be very professional, but it is indeed a problem I encountered in life. Maybe our floor is relatively low, but the whole building is relatively high. At this time, I need to put solar energy on the roof to install How to solve this situation? Is our product unusable?

Zhao Yi: Your concern is a concern of many solar customers. At present, existing solar products can only be installed on the top of the building, that is, the top users on many floors can enjoy solar products. For other users, I want to buy but there is no location and no space for me to use. Viessmann designed a new product based on an existing building situation in China, which is what we show to you at the exhibition. We call it a balcony wall-mounted solar water heater. It uses the balcony façade of each household to lay the collector directly to the balcony façade for heat absorption. It is connected to a water tank inside the balcony through a super heat pipe. The entire system has no water pump. Our design is Reduce operating costs for users, while solving the heat consumption of each household. In this way, you can install it at will. I am not limited by the number of floors of the building structure. I choose where you are, uniformly designed, uniformly installed, and equipped with water heaters by each household. Free resources for the sun.

Moderator: But is the solar energy on the facade the same as the solar energy on the roof?

Zhao Yi: It's actually different. This question is very professional. Because the roof is very thin, it is angled. If you pay attention, like in Beijing, each roof is paved at a 45-degree angle, but not on the balcony, because the balcony of our building is a vertical safety collector. As a building planning designer, he again It is not allowed to spread the collector at a large angle, as this will inevitably affect the following lighting problems. So we installed it vertically in accordance with the building code, but Visman's collector has a benefit. Our heat pipe collector has a heat pipe inside and a fin on the outside. This fin is coated. This copper core can be rotated axially. In order to make this fin heat-absorbing film just perpendicular to the incident angle of sunlight, this way you can install the collector either vertically or horizontally without being restricted by any installation position. It can absorb the incidence of sunlight to the maximum extent, so as to ensure the effective area of the collector to maximize the use of solar energy, that is, Visman has considered this issue from the entire design concept, how to integrate with the building integration, This is a very important issue.

Moderator: We talked about Visman in the above time, and talked about the importance the whole world puts on solar energy. I want to know in our solar energy industry in China, because I also see on your business card that you are a director of the China Solar Thermal Utilization Industry Association. Can you share with us whether the Chinese market or some industries in China have solar energy utilization? The brighter projects in recent years, or can they be compared with some projects in the world?

Zhao Yi: First of all, the development of solar energy in China is second to none in terms of products and scale, and it is already the world's largest scale. China's product research and development, including the form of industrialization, is already very large in the world's solar industry. To make a comparison, the annual output value of solar water heaters in China is equivalent to twice that in Europe, and about four times that in North America. So the scale of this industry is so big that everyone can imagine.

In fact, there are countless projects, and there are many large-scale projects of this scale in China. Including projects like the Olympic Games, including the World Expo and the Asian Games in Guangzhou, there are many large-scale solar projects. At present, there are many large system integrators undertaking such large-scale projects in China, including large production enterprises. It can be said that from a good development trend, the entire solar energy project will be developed more and more. From the perspective of industry development concerns, it is how to regulate the entire engineering market and how to regulate the entire solar installation process including the application system. This remains to be continuously explored and improved in the future.

As a whole industry, the development trend of the entire industry is very good. Because China's scale is large, and it is still developing at a rate of 20-30% every year, such a trend requires the industry to complete many conditions and restrict various technical requirements in its application fields. This allows users to get a more complete product.

Moderator: Due to time, the last question, please give us a direction. Although we just listed some solar collectors, street lights, and cars in our lives, I believe there are still many solar products that we have not seen, or that there are still many products that our technical R & D personnel are developing. Not published. Can you give us a picture of what our solar world will look like in the future?

Zhao Yi: In fact, every building, including every applicable roof, we can use solar technology. Just like the car you just talked about, the street light, and the water heater, in fact, it is divided into solar light and heat or photoelectricity. To disclose a little news, in fact, solar energy can fully realize the integration of light, heat and photoelectricity in the future. That is to say, after I install this equipment, I can generate both electricity and heat, and other storage and utilization can be integrated. That is to say, within the effective installation range, we can maximize the solar radiation resources, which is a very good direction for future development. As far as I know, many domestic and international companies are considering this kind of development. They are researching and developing and making breakthroughs, and they are considering how to use photovoltaic light and heat as an integrated application. This is also a breakthrough for the future development of solar energy. The development of integrated equipment products may be a sudden rise and occupy a leading position in the entire industry.

Moderator: Can you tell us more closely, what other solar products will we see in the next five years?

Zhao Yi: If it is said that the short-term five-year plan, more products are mainly applications, so-called applications. On the one hand, solar energy, from a system perspective, how to integrate with various conventional energy heating equipment and refrigeration equipment . For example, solar water heating can be understood by all households. Solar heating technology is combined with boilers, solar air-conditioning refrigeration technology can be combined with conventional refrigerators, and solar seawater desalination is used as industrial heat. There is one more. We just talked about the system just now. From the perspective of the architectural form, how to install solar energy as a building construction element and aesthetic element is very important. Balcony wall hanging is just one of them. We have others, such as roof-type tiles, we do a kind of awning-type installation, which you can meet in the installation project of Visman in the future. Including in Europe, we have done a lot of wall-mounted, very beautiful, do overall planning, it is the installation form of the building structure like a glass curtain wall, there are vacuum tubes, there are flat, very beautiful. How to better integrate with the building integration is also a development direction that matches the structure. I think these two points are a very good trend for future development. In the next five years, we will see more and more complete equipment and products such as the integrated design of structural systems of architectural aesthetics.

Moderator: From your talk we saw a very beautiful vision for the future of solar energy. This concludes the interview today. We also thank Manager Zhao very much for his visit. I believe that green environmental protection will become an eternal topic for us. thank you very much!

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