What Does a Drilling Contractor Do?

A drilling platform is an offshore structure mainly used for drilling wells. The platform is equipped with drilling, power, communication, navigation and other equipment, as well as safe life-saving and personnel living facilities, which are indispensable means for offshore oil and gas exploration and development. ^[1]

(1) Mobile platforms: sit-bottom platforms, jack-up platforms, drilling vessels, semi-submersible platforms,

The world's modern petroleum industry was first born in the village of Titusville, Pennsylvania. A man named George Beers asked in 1855

China's petroleum industry started relatively late. At the end of the 1950s, the then leader of the Ministry of Petroleum proposed a strategy for the development of offshore oil uphills and seas, land-to-sea. In 1963, based on a detailed analysis of the geological data of Hainan Island and Guangxi, it was decided to build an offshore oil platform in the South China Sea. In the following 2 years, experts from Guangdong Maoming Petroleum Company made the first pontoon drilling platform in China by soil methods. They drilled 3 exploration wells 4 kilometers away from the coast at the Yinggehai Fishing Village waterway entrance, and drilled 400 meters deep. Submarine drilled 15 liters of crude oil. On December 31, 1966, China's first official offshore platform was drilled in the Bohai Sea, and on June 14, 1967, it won the industrial oil flow, which has opened the prelude to China National Offshore Oil Exploration and Development.

In 1981, the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources decided to build a semi-submersible offshore drilling vessel named "Exploration III" in order to carry out offshore oil exploration. In June 1984, it was jointly designed by Shanghai 708 Research Institute, Shanghai Shipyard, and Marine Geological Survey, and Shanghai Shipyard's first semi-submersible drilling platform, China Exploration 3, was completed. Later he fought in the north and south, firing a total of 15 subsea oil and gas wells. It has made an important contribution to the discovery of residual snow structures in the Pinghu oil and gas field in the East China Sea.

"Exploration 3" is a semi-submersible drilling platform consisting of a box deck (also known as platform deck), 6 large columns, a tall derrick, and two submarine-style sunken pads. It is 35.2 meters high from the bottom of the sink to the upper deck of the platform, which is equivalent to a 12-storey high building. If the total height of the top of the derrick is 100 meters, the total length is 91 meters, the total width is 71 meters, the working displacement is 219,910 tons, and the working draft is 20 Meters, the platform is equipped with 900 items, more than 8,600 pieces of electromechanical equipment. The platform deck is held high by six main pillars with a diameter of 9 meters and looks like an island in the distance. In addition to a full set of drilling equipment including drilling, mud, cementing, and blowout prevention systems, it is also equipped with four (8) 150-ton electric windlass and five 660-kilowatt diesel generators. At the same time, the ship is also equipped with a 200-meter saturated diving system consisting of a diving bell and a deck decompression chamber, and modern equipment such as fire, explosion-proof and flammable gas automatic alarm systems. On the "Exploration 3" platform, there are modern living facilities such as a geological building, a report room, an emergency generator room, a hydrometeorological room, a central control room, and a living room. The hydropower communication should be complete, and there can be a helicopter on the top of the deck. Airplane taking off and landing on the apron.

The semi-submersible drilling platform has excellent resistance to wind and waves, large variable loads, and can be drilled in deeper waters. At the time, only a few countries in the world could build it, and it was expensive. In order to be able to design a semi-submersible drilling platform adapted to the actual conditions of the Chinese continental shelf, the designers of the three units collected a large amount of hydrometeorological data, and through in-depth actual investigation and research, five schemes were rigorously screened and finally formally determined. The solution is a rectangular semi-submersible drilling platform. Its main performance parameters are: working water depth of 35 to 200 meters, maximum drilling depth of 6000 meters.

On the morning of June 25, 1984, "Exploration 3" was towed by China's largest tug "De Da" and left Shanghai Port to the waters outside Wenzhou Bay in the East China Sea for various performance tests. Tests show that the "Radiation 3" radial anchoring system is reasonably arranged and is well adapted to the precise positioning and operation of the platform. In the meantime, "Exploration 3" accepted the classification visas of the China Ship Inspection Bureau and the American ABS Classification Society in the stormy waves of the test. The Japanese surveyor of the American Classification Society, Hiroyuki Kinoshita, referred to the "Exploration 3" as China Modern marine engineering logo. Foreign general offshore drilling companies have learned that China has such a high-quality drilling platform, and they have come to inquire about the possibility of renting or joint venture drilling "exploration 3" drilling contract.

At present, the exploration and development of the world's offshore oil is mainly concentrated in the part near the land called the continental margin. The continental margin is divided into three parts: continental shelf, continental slope and continental uplift. The Chinese continental shelf is one of the widest continental shelves in the world, with a total area of 4.73 million square kilometers. According to relevant experts' estimates, only about 25 billion tons of petroleum geological reserves and 80 billion cubic meters of natural gas are on the continental shelf. If we consider the entire continental margin, its development prospects are even more limitless. According to the data from 1994, China collected 570,000 kilometers of offshore seismic lines, drilled 363 wells, discovered 88 oil and gas structures, obtained 1.188 billion tons of petroleum geological reserves, and 180 billion cubic meters of natural gas geological reserves, with an annual output of 6.47 million tons. . At present, the annual oil production is 25 million tons, and the annual gas production is about 5 billion cubic meters.

On June 6, 2008, China National Petroleum Corporation announced that the world's largest sub-bottom drilling platform, the CNPC Hai No. 3 sub-bottom drilling platform, had arrived safely in the Jidongnanpu oil field. After the platform is put into use, it will greatly enhance the exploration and development capabilities of CNPC's beach area. CNPC Hai-3 was jointly developed by China National Petroleum Corporation and Shanghai 708, and manufactured by Shanhaiguan Shipyard. The platform is 78.4 meters long, 41 meters wide, 20.9 meters high on the upper deck, and a total weight of 5,888 tons of empty ships. It is suitable for offshore operations with a water depth of less than 10 meters and is currently the world's largest pedestal drilling platform. China National Petroleum Corporation was established in November 2004. In 2006, the company drilled and completed 17 wells in three oil fields in the Bohai Bay, tested and tested 112,000 tons, and used 8 own ships and 19 external ships. 19 towing and displacement of offshore platforms were completed. At present, China National Petroleum Corporation has seven mobile platforms of various types, including five jack-up rigs and two living platforms, as well as three jack-up rigs under construction in Singapore. It is expected that between 2008 and 2009 Successively completed.

The ultra-deepwater drilling platforms (ships) currently being designed and constructed in China are:

1. Designed and constructed by 708 and Shanghai Waigaoqiao Shipyard a semi-submersible drilling platform with a working depth of 3,000 meters.

2. China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation's Dalian Shipbuilding New Plant built four BG9000 ultra-deepwater semi-submersible drilling platforms.

Third, Jiangsu Hantong Shipbuilding Industry Co., Ltd., a joint venture between China and South Korea, is responsible for the construction and semi-submersible platform "Sevan Driller" owned by Sevan Drilling. A record of 12,500 feet (3810 meters); the central part has a double derrick and has a drilling depth of 40,000 feet (12200 meters). The ultra-deep well rig is the world's first; )drilling platform).

4. The Shanghai Shipyard and the American Frontter Company signed a contract to build a 40,000-50,000-ton power-positioned deep-water drilling vessel after the end of the third quarter of 2007.

The above are all important signs that China has collapsed into the construction of ultra-deepwater drilling platforms. At present, China is second only to South Korea in terms of total platform and hull tonnage, but it is the second largest in the world. In particular, the floating drilling equipment is almost blank, which requires domestic marine equipment companies to continue their efforts aiming at the world's top level. V. Offshore Oil 981 is the sixth generation of 3000m deep-water semi-submersible drilling platform independently designed and constructed by China for the first time. It represents the highest level of offshore oil drilling platform technology in the world today. It is called the aircraft carrier in offshore equipment.