What Does a Newscaster Do?

Announcer (or announcer) refers to a person who is engaged in the broadcasting of electronic media programs such as radio and television news reports and weather forecasts. The term "announcer" usually refers to the broadcaster of a television station. . The announcer is a part of the news work of radio and television. The power of journalism lies in truth. The content of the broadcast reaches the ears of the listener through the voice of the announcer. In order for the listener to be authentic and credible, the voice of the announcer must be simple and natural. According to the definition in "Chinese Broadcasting Science", ^{[1] An} announcer is a person who uses the voice language and the sub-language to make a sound on the camera to control the progress of the program.

[b yn yuán]

Announcers are different from voice actors and voice-overs in that they do not need to be limited by the screen to perform roles.

In terms of announcers, the definition or identity of announcers in different countries and regions

1. "Interim Provisions on the Administration of the Qualifications of Broadcasting and Television Editors, Reporters, and Anchors" (Order of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television No. 26)

2. "Decision of the State Council on Establishing Administrative Licensing for Administrative Examination and Approval Items That Must Be Retained" (State Council Order No. 412)

3. "Measures for the Qualification Examination of Announcers, Moderators, Broadcasters and Television Editors"

4, "

With the development of radio broadcasting, announcers also began to appear. In 1895, Marconi of Italy and Popov of Russia invented at the same time.

First

Master the basic theoretical knowledge of broadcasting, have systematic professional knowledge and higher language expression skills, have a broader scientific and cultural knowledge, and a higher level of policy and theory; be able to organize and independently undertake the broadcasting, hosting and live broadcasting of various programs Tasks, master the skills of editing, production, and hosting of various programs; broadcast hosting has distinctive characteristics, significant social effects, and significant performance; has high theoretical and professional research capabilities; can guide the next level of broadcasting professionals Work and study; have the ability to use foreign languages and computers; have good professional ethics and professionalism.

Article 2

Abide by national laws and regulations, study hard and actively promote Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thinking of the "Three Represents," adhere to the principle of journalism serving the people and socialism, and adhere to the correct opinion orientation of news. Adhere to the discipline of journalism and the professional ethics of journalists, be dedicated and dedicated. After obtaining the first-level announcer qualification, the annual assessments are all qualified (competent) or above.

In life, speaking, pretending, snoring, or snoring are all disgusting, and the announcer must not use this voice. If it is broadcasted with artificial voices, it will create a psychological distance from the listener and cause the listener to pull the knob away. Simplicity can make people feel kind and willing to listen to you.

Broadcasting is by no means a mechanical action that sees the words, and it is not a sound show. The taboo of broadcasting is to make unintentional sounds, ruthless sounds, and stagnant sounds.

The requirements for the announcer's voice can be summarized as the following words: accurate and standardized, clear and smooth;

The majority of the work of the announcer is broadcast, and some work has the nature of improvisation. The wide range of broadcast content, diverse forms, and refined language have broadened the world of broadcast creation and put forward higher requirements for vocalization. In order to meet the needs of expressive ideas, the announcer's voice must be energetic.

Due to different vocalization conditions, everyone's voice has its own characteristics and personality. We can only use our strengths on the basis of our own vocal conditions to overcome the pursuit of a certain self-sufficient voice, and in particular we cannot imitate the voice of a broadcaster or actor we admire in radio and television. Deliberately imitating someone's voice is often the source of poor sounding methods. It not only constrains the creativity of broadcasting, it can even cause vocalization disorders or throat lesions.

The beauty of broadcasting sounds is the beauty that contributes to expressing ideas. We must never leave the demand for expressing ideas to pursue a certain "beauty".

The voice requirements for announcers can be summarized into the following sentences:

Accurate and standardized, clear and smooth;

Round and concentrated, simple and clear;

Rigidness and softness, combining reality with reality;

The colors are rich and change freely.

Explained separately below.

Accurate and standardized, clear and smooth. Announcers are the voice teachers of the masses, and their pronunciation must be accurate and standardized (discussed in detail in Chinese phonetics lessons). The articulation of the spoken word is high, but there must be no "lei block" or "jump character". The sound of the character must be smooth and smooth.

Round and concentrated, simple and clear, this is the basic color requirements for sound, including both pronunciation and vomiting. The sound should be moist, not dry; the word should be "Yu Runzhu round", full of particles; the sound is not scattered, the sound is not flat; this is the meaning of "round and concentrated". Our entire radio and television program is designed to inspire people's spirit, enrich people's knowledge, and delight people's bodies and minds. Therefore, the announcer's voice must not only be simple, but also clear and pleasant. Round and clear, like a clear spring, flowing into the hearts of people.

Rigid and soft, and the combination of reality and reality. Pronunciation should be tough, flexible, rigid and soft, and virtual and solid. Due to the differences in gender and personality, generally speaking, male voices are firmer and female voices are softer. If it is upside down, it makes people feel uncomfortable. This is a comparison of male and female voices. However, neither the male voice nor the female voice can be blindly rigid or soft, and it is required to be flexible and flexible on the basis of itself. We must know that too rigid is straight, too soft is unfavorable, blindly sounding rigid and rigid, and blindly soft and sounding sluggish are all things we do not want. The sound should also be combined with the real. Some people are pursuing the sound "bright", using too much real sound, and "clumsy", not expressing delicate emotions well. It sounds "false". The voice requires rigidity and softness, softness and rigidity; there is reality in reality, there is reality in reality; rigidity and flexibility, and the combination of reality and reality; flexible use according to the requirements of intention and emotion.

Virtual reality and rigidity are two different kinds of contradictions, but they are also connected. Generally speaking, the real voice is rather rigid, and the soft voice is soft, but it is not necessarily true; the child's golden bell-like voice is real, but not rigid; a sigh is soft and not soft. In practical applications, the rigid and soft changes are rich and varied.

The colors are rich and change freely. The sound color is the coat of emotion that the announcer moves and changes with the development of the program content. People's feelings are constantly changing, and the sound color is also reflected in the contrast change. The sound color is like the painter's palette, the richer and more detailed the more expressive and expressive. The change of emotional color is infinite, and the change of sound color is also infinite. The basic method of pronunciation pronunciation is to facilitate the change of sound, not to pursue a fixed tone.

Summary

It can be said that the quality of the announcer has become one of the important references for measuring the standard of the program, and has become an important symbol of the image of radio and television stations. Therefore, improving the comprehensive quality of the announcer is an important issue.

Strengthen basic skills of broadcasting business

1. Basic skills of spitting words. The first is to articulate words clearly, with a rounded voice and standard Mandarin. Secondly, it is necessary to practice the sound in accordance with the characteristics of broadcasting, and persist in it.

2. Basic skills of language skills. Language skills are a means of expressing ideas. Language skills mainly include four basic skills: stress, stop connection, tone, and rhythm. You must practice every day and think repeatedly before you can use it freely. For example, when broadcasting a manuscript, if you can't use the language skills accurately, it will make people sound very bland, boring, and even unable to understand the meaning of the manuscript.

3. Basic skills for quick manuscript preparation. Analyze and understand the manuscript is a kind of ability that announcers should have. In order to adapt to the timeliness of news, announcers must be able to quickly grasp the topic of the article, the purpose of the broadcast, the focus of the content, and the tone of the broadcast in a short period of time. This requires constant practice and summary of experience to accurately express Connotation of the manuscript.

Basic theory and expertise

The content broadcasted by the announcer every day is extremely wide-ranging. It is by no means just to read words. Whether or not his knowledge is extensive will determine the degree to which the announcer reveals the deep connotation of the work. Therefore, the announcer must not only understand and master some knowledge in the natural sciences, social sciences, and Marxist philosophy, but also better grasp

How to choose the sound of advertising broadcasts? Isn't the more beautiful sound the better? In fact, the choice of sound in advertising broadcasts is only one aspect of sound quality, which is harmonious with the theme and picture, and has a unique personality. The realm of the standards and pursuit of broadcast sound selection.

Each radio and television advertisement has its own different style, or story type, or lyrical type, or title type, and the sound quality and style of each announcer has its own characteristics. Therefore, the choice and use of the announcer's voice must also follow the creative idea of advertising. A large frame, otherwise, there will be two skins of sound and picture, sound and theme.

With the process of reform and opening up, China s radio and television advertising has also begun to develop unprecedentedly. In the late 1970s, although the TV advertising design at that time lacked artistry and the production level was relatively low, there were still some excellent TV advertisements, especially concise and simple. The appropriate dubbing is still unforgettable.

A simple example is the use of Sino-Smith's "Intestinal Worm Clear" ad.

Picture: A middle-aged male medical worker wearing glasses and a white gown is presenting a box of insect repellent to the audience. His creative theme is to recommend an insect repellent to consumers through an attending doctor.

Voice-over: Please use intestinal insect clear, two tablets, Sino-American Shike.

The advertisement creator chose a voice of a middle-aged knowledgeable male who fits the picture very well. The dubbing and the picture are quite appropriate and the theme is clear. This advertisement not only enhances the authenticity of the advertisement but also increases its credibility. "Two tablets" are known to the common people and women and have become synonymous with insect repellent.

Second, restore life is higher than life

Advertising broadcasting is an art. Recreating the theme of advertising through sound art is an artistic creation process, so artistic and role-based are the basic requirements for advertising broadcasting. Announcers should use different sound skills on the basis of highlighting themes in the creative process. For example, through the different use of skills such as resonance, breath, difficult to bite words, and trend of speech, to artistically reflect people from different backgrounds Sound image. One of the most popular commercials in recent years, the "Diaopai" laundry soap, is a successful example.

Example 1: Picture: An old man is reading a newspaper in his own yard. His wife was washing clothes while boasting the washing powder she used.

Voice-over: The carved laundry soap is good, it is clean and does not fade.

The voice of a middle-aged woman was dubbed for this advertisement, like the voice of an aunt in a hutong, with standard pronunciation and full of life. The voice-over of this ad originates from life, higher than life.

Another successful example is a TV commercial for consumer goods, which is "Blue Sky Six Bizhi Toothpaste."

Example 2: Picture: In the early morning's large miscellaneous courtyard, a man in the image of a dad in his forties with a fat body, put a towel on his shoulder, brushed his teeth in front of the faucet in the courtyard, and a fat boy of eight or nine years old , While brushing their teeth, introduce to everyone their favorite toothpaste, a typical image of a father and son.

Voiceover: Tooth is good, appetite is good, body is good, food is good, you are right, blue sky and six must be ruled.

Father and son, I say one sentence to another. This ad is dubbed by these two actors. Because they are a pair of cross talk actors, they have strong language expressiveness, so they match the image of the picture. Recommendations to enhance the impact of the ad.

Third, the image is vivid and infectious

TV broadcasts are different from plain news broadcasts and sensational special broadcasts, and they need to be properly shaped. Because sound is divided into images, through sound we can not only feel each other's age, gender, profession, appearance, but also their personality, thoughts, emotions, and attitudes. The sound itself reserves endless imagination for us, and a good voice in advertising will bring a huge impact and appeal to the audience. Everyone may have the impression that for a good food TV commercial, you don't need to look at the picture. Listening to the announcer's voice alone is enough to generate appetite and cause a strong temptation. For a good cosmetic advertisement, you can also use soft The sound felt that delicate and smooth skin. Many TV commercial producers, in order to pursue the appropriateness of voice-overs and pictures, deliberately ask the actors in the advertisements to dub themselves, which can largely avoid the disadvantages of dubbing and picture disproportion.

Moreover, due to the appearance of famous movie stars, both the image and sound added a lot of color and appeal to the advertisement itself. However, some actors lack profound language skills, which caused the original good ideas and beautiful pictures not to achieve the desired effect, which greatly reduced the broadcasting effect.

Fourth, reveal the connotation and display the image

The personalization of the broadcast gives the distinctive characteristics of the spoken language. The personalized broadcast will bring a sense of strangeness and freshness to the audience. Only when it is personalized can it make a deep impression on the audience. Such as: Panasonic, United Airlines, McDonnell Douglas, and other advertisements, using mature male voices with high knowledge and different characteristics, the sound quality is very unique, obviously with the product's regional characteristics of pronunciation. The publicity of high-quality products of such a large company is usually very different from that of ordinary products. Of course, the personalized voice is relative, not absolute, and it must obey and serve the design of the advertisement itself.

But the beautiful voice is not omnipotent. A voice is very beautiful in this advertisement, which shows that it is very close to the main body of the product and is very harmonious. It is very suitable for the promotion of this kind of product. However, if it is processed as usual, it can be used in other products as usual. Not necessarily good results.

Broadcasting in radio and television advertisements is a very important part of the success of advertising. Therefore, in this special creative process, broadcasting should be: close to life, vivid image, strong infectivity, supplement the picture, reveal the connotation with sound, highlight the focus of product appeal. , So as to achieve the organic combination of product promotion focus, screen design and voice-over (voice dubbing) for perfect harmony

The earliest female international announcer

Wei Lin, formerly known as Jiang Lingling, was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. She joined the Communist Party of China in 1956. Former Shaanxi Xinhua Broadcasting

Announcer Introduction

Japanese broadcaster "Tokyo Rose" dies in World War II

During World War II, Japan used a new type of stealth weapon to combat the morale of its allies: broadcasting. announcer

Tokyo Rose-Tosu Ikuko

The morale of the U.S. military, which is devoted to dissolving foreign warfare, is best known as a complex "Tokyo Rose". A female named Hu Yuluzi, who was eventually identified by the American media, became one of the biggest injustices in American judicial history. According to US and British media reports, on the 26th local time, the controversial woman died in a Chicago hospital at the age of 90.

The announcer died silently

Tori Ikuko's nephew, William Tosu, told reporters that at 12.30 pm on the 26th, Tori Ikuko died at the age of 90 at the Freemasonry Medical Center in Illinois, but he did not disclose the specific cause of death.

Private spokeswoman Barbara Trumbull then issued a statement outlining the life of Tori Ikuko. However, her relatives have not been interviewed by reporters, and she also hopes that the media will not disturb this weather-beaten old man.

Tori Ikuko was a member of the Tokyo Rose, a complex that used Japanese broadcasters to disrupt the morale of the US military during World War II. She was once arrested and tried by the US government as a "treason". However, her experience became one of the biggest grievances in the history of American justice: Although she was living in Japan and working for the Japanese government, she cleverly used her work to encourage American soldiers. In the end, former US President Carter personally approved her to restore US citizenship.

Announcer behind bars

The life of this "Tokyo Rose" is full of legends.

On July 4, 1916, Tori Ikuko was born to a Japanese immigrant family in Los Angeles. As a student, she used the name Eva. In June 1941, Tori Ikuko graduated from the University of California, Los Angeles, and then went to Japan to visit his sick aunt. However, due to the government's ignorance and misinformation, she left the United States without a tourist visa. Unexpectedly, at this time, the "Pearl Harbor Incident" broke out, the United States declared war on Japan, and Tori Ikuko was trapped in Japan and was unable to return to his country.

However, Tori Ikuko has no knowledge of Japanese even though he has pure Japanese ancestry. When in the United States, her family never spoke Japanese, did not follow Japanese customs, and did not eat Japanese food, so she was trapped in a brain with only one idea in mind: finding opportunities to return to the United States. In the international situation at the time, many Japanese-Americans successively gave up their U.S. citizenship, but Tori Ikuko was unwilling. When the cruel reality shattered her dream of returning home, Tori Ikuko went out bravely and began to try various jobs in order to support her livelihood.

By chance, Tori Ikuko got a job as a typist at Radio Tokyo. Later, because the boss found her English is authentic, she was sent to do editing work, correcting grammatical and syntactic errors in the radio manuscript, and forcing her to write a manuscript. And making shows. At that time, the broadcast was full of errors, and some announcers did not understand the professional knowledge and it was completely nonsense. Later, the officer in charge of propaganda selected several people with real broadcasting talents in the broadcast, and appointed people with broadcast experience among the captives in the United States and Australia, and suddenly improved the quality of the broadcast. But then Tori Ikuko was sent to broadcast again. Although she was very disgusted at doing so, in wartime Japan, anyone who dared to disobey military orders would be severely punished, and Hiroshi Ikuko insisted on agreeing.

In addition to broadcasting music at that time, it was POW messages, US news, and mockery of Allied warfare. The purpose of the Japanese army is, of course, to use the reports of the defeat of the United States and the Allied wars to dismantle the morale of American soldiers fighting in foreign countries. In fact, before the naval battle on Midway, these reports really caused many people to struggle. The most famous of the announcers at that time was "Tokyo Rose". At first people thought she was a person, and described her as "a sorceress on the Pacific Ocean, using her seductive and seductive voice to seduce American soldiers." However, according to post-war surveys, "Tokyo Rose" is actually a complex consisting of at least five people, and Tosu Ikuko is one of them.

Tori Ikuko's show is "Zero Hour". Most of her shows play jazz, tell jokes, and broadcast international current affairs. She often introduces herself in the show: "Your dearest enemy, orphans," and she gently refers to the American soldiers in the Pacific as "orphans in the Pacific." Tori Ikuko is gentle, witty, witty, and elegant. His style won the welcome of American soldiers and became one of the most popular shows on the Pacific battlefield. On April 19, 1945, Tori Ikuko married another companion of the radio station, Japanese Portuguese Portuguese Felipe Dakino.

Announcers have difficulty speaking up

In August 1945, the Allied forces landed in Japan, and one of the subjects that reporters scrambled to report was "Tokyo Rose." Prior to Japan's surrender, the U.S. Wartime Information Bureau issued a news for this: "'Tokyo Rose' does not exist at all, the name was coined ..." However, doubtful journalists were reluctant to give up the opportunity of an interview. A reporter named Clark Lee targeted Ikuko Tori after reaching Tokyo Radio.

On September 1, 1945, Clark Yoto Kuriko met at the Imperial Hotel in Tokyo. Clark brought a $ 2,000 contract, saying that as long as he accepted an exclusive interview with Cosmopolitan Magazine and signed documents to prove that he was the only "Tokyo Rose", he could get the money. Because after the war Tori Ikuko tried to return to China, at the time American radio journalist Walter Wincher suspected that she was most likely a member of the "Tokyo Rose" and condemned the US government for not punishing the "treason thief." Li Yuzi's return to China was blocked. Therefore, I thought that as long as I could get the approval of my fellow Americans to return home as soon as possible, Tori Ikuko did not hesitate to sign the contract.

However, the next incident stunned Tori Ikuko: she neither received $ 2,000 nor the approval of Americans. Because Clark told her that she was a traitor in the eyes of Americans, the magazine could not pay the traitors! What's even more incredible is that one month later, Tori Ikuko was sentenced to one year in prison and put in Tokyo's Sugamo Prison. In 1948, Tori Ikuko's first child was born. Unfortunately, the child died shortly after birth. At the end of the year, Tori Ikuko was re-arrested in Yokohama and returned to the United States for trial in July of the following year. Dakino was also allowed to travel to the United States as a defense witness for his wife. The only thing he had to do was to return to Japan.

In fact, before the trial began, Edgar Hoover, the FBI director, had signed a blank trial guilty, and two Japanese-Americans who had renounced U.S. citizenship in order to prove Tori Ikuko's guilt George Manchao and Oki Kenji gave coercive testimony by the FBI and the Justice Department. After 13 weeks of trial, on October 6, 1949, Tori Ikuko was charged with eight counts of treason, sentenced to 10 years in prison, and fined up to $ 10,000, while depriving her of her value as a treasure American citizenship. The trial reportedly cost $ 750,000.

In 1956, Tori Ikuko was released on parole and received a deadline to leave because she was an unwanted person.

Announcer

However, does a person who repeatedly claims to be patriotic will do hostile propaganda and disrupt the morale of his country's army? A considerable number of people questioned this. Wayne Mortimer-Collins from San Francisco was one of them. He tried to defend her almost free of charge at the trial. After the trial, he continued to investigate and look forward to the case one day.

Collins' efforts were not in vain. According to what he learned from US soldiers on the Pacific battlefield that year, the broadcast of "Orphan An" not only did not hit the US military, but greatly boosted morale. She broadcasts jazz music that Americans love to hear, tells jokes to her audience, and deliberately avoids burning sentences. Therefore, even after the war, many American soldiers still remembered it. It should be said that Tori Ikuko is fighting a war against Japan with her own strength and in a special way. She is patriotic in a special way. Collins's discovery attracted the attention of the FBI. The FBI sent a special person to launch an investigation again, which confirmed Collins's results, and Tori Ikuko finally showed up.

In 1977, U.S. President Carter announced the implementation of a presidential amnesty, and Tori Ikuko's U.S. citizenship was restored. And her story was passed on for a while. Retired veteran Davids-Neal-Dell proposes to erected Tori Ikuko with the inscription: "To pay tribute to Tori Ikuko's loyalty and courage, her patriotism has never changed."

Despite this, many people still have not forgotten Ikuko's connection with the mysterious "Tokyo Rose". When the United States National Geographic published an article commemorating the 20th anniversary of the end of the Vietnam War, the treason broadcast of "Hanai Hanoi" was compared with "Tokyo Rose" Tosu Ikuko, and some TV commentators often referred to Toku Ikuko and notoriety The remarkable treason is linked.

Ron Yates, a reporter for the Chicago Tribune in Tokyo from 1974 to 1977, was one of the few reporters who had interviewed Ikuko Tori. "In fact, the mystery is difficult to dissipate, and people are always more willing I believe in fabrications, not facts. And the people simply don't believe that the U.S. government will be so cruel and scheming, and they will even plan a trial to force the witnesses to lie! "

Announcer bland for the rest of his life

Looking back, Tori Ikuko chose to be silent and live peacefully in the Swedes' neighborhood in Andersonville, Chicago. She divorced her husband in 1980 and has never met again. To support her livelihood, she opened an Oriental gift shop on West Belmont Avenue in north Chicago, but few people knew her true identity.

In 1991, Tori Ikuko gave a low-key interview to Yates again. At that time, she repeatedly emphasized that although she wanted others to know more about her experience, she definitely did not want to be promoted because a meeting with reporters made her Life has never been the same. To this end, Tori Ikuko's family and friends carefully guarded the secret for her. "She no longer mentions this past," said niece Joanne Huri, "nephew William said," she said nothing, we asked nothing. "

It is reported that for more than 10 years, Hollywood producer Barbara Trumbly has always wanted to bring the story of Tori Ikuko to the screen. Frank Dellaport, the director of Green Miracle and Redemption of Shawshank, has announced that he will finish the job. Dellaport is discussing the script with Christopher Hampton. "This is a shockingly true story. It tells the courage and integrity of individuals in the face of intense public sentiment, media misdeeds, cultural and racial hatred, and judicial injustice."