What Does a Patient Transporter Do?
ABC transporter (ABC transporter) was first discovered in bacteria. It is a transport ATPase on the bacterial plasma membrane. It belongs to a large and diverse protein family. Each member contains two highly conserved ATP binding regions. (ATP binding cassette), hence the name ABC transporter (Figure 5-10). They dimerize by binding ATP, depolymerize after ATP hydrolysis, and transfer the bound substrate to another one of the membrane by changing the conformation. side.
ABC transporter
Right!
- Chinese name
- ABC transporter
- Foreign name
- ABC transporter
- First discovered in
- bacterial
- Explanation
- A transport ATPase on the bacterial plasma membrane
- Belong to
- A large and diverse protein family
- ABC transporter (ABC transporter) was first discovered in bacteria. It is a transport ATPase on the bacterial plasma membrane. It belongs to a large and diverse protein family. Each member contains two highly conserved ATP binding regions. (ATP binding cassette), hence the name ABC transporter (Figure 5-10). They dimerize by binding ATP, depolymerize after ATP hydrolysis, and transfer the bound substrate to another one of the membrane by changing the conformation. side.
- Seventy-eight genes (5% of all genes) in E. coli encode ABC transporter proteins, possibly more in animals. Although each ABC transporter only transports one or one type of substrate, its protein family has members capable of transporting ions, amino acids, nucleotides, polysaccharides, polypeptides, and even proteins. The ABC transporter can also catalyze the lipid turnover of the lipid bilayer between the two layers, which is of great significance in the occurrence and function maintenance of the membrane.
- The first ABC transporter to be found in eukaryotic cells was multidrug resistance protein (MRP). This gene is usually overexpressed in cancer cells of patients with liver cancer, reducing the efficacy of chemotherapy. The gene is overexpressed in cancer cells in about 40% of patients.
- ABC transporter is also related to the resistance of pathogens to drugs. For example, antifungal drugs commonly used in clinical practice are fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, etc. An important mechanism for fungal resistance to these drugs is through MDR. The protein reduces the concentration of the drug in the cell.