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For the first time, a surgeon, a digestive physiologist, has used human fistula to study gastric physiology and pathology. Born in Lebanon, Connecticut on November 21, 1785, and died in St. Louis, Missouri on April 25, 1853.

Beaumont

(American surgeon, digestive physiologist)

For the first time, a surgeon, a digestive physiologist, has used human fistula to study gastric physiology and pathology. Born in Connecticut on November 21, 1785

Name: Beaumont

Hometown:

Beaumont, w. (William Beaumont)

For the first time, a surgeon, a digestive physiologist, has used human fistula to study gastric physiology and pathology. Born in Lebanon, Connecticut on November 21, 1785, and died in St. Louis, Missouri on April 25, 1853. Born into a peasant family, he studied medical books as a rural teacher in his early years. He was an apprentice with a local doctor from 1810 to 1812, and obtained a medical license from the Vermont Medical Association in 1812. He served as an assistant surgeon in the United States Army from 1812 to 1815; he opened his practice in New York from 1816 to 1820; he served as a military surgeon from 1820 to 1839; he practiced medicine in St. Louis, Missouri from 1839 to 1853. Author of "Experiments and Observations on Gastric Juice and Digestive Physiology" (1833).

In 1822, he treated a 19-year-old French Canadian A. Saint Martin for a gunshot wound. Although the wound healed, a permanent fistula was left between the stomach and the body wall. Beaumont produced this fistula to observe the digestion of the human body. idea. From 1825 to 1833, he invited St. Martin to live at home and take gastric juice through gastric fistula for experiments. In 1833, he wrote a book "Experiments and Observations on Gastric Juice and Digestive Physiology", which discussed the laws of gastric body movement and gastric acid secretion. Digestive conditions in the stomach, and the effects of nerve and mental factors on digestion; the effects of coffee, tea, alcohol, etc. on the stomach; discusses several reasons that can cause acute gastritis (the most common of which are overeating and alcohol stimulation) . He believed that food was digested chemically in the stomach. He had asked chemists to analyze St. Martin's gastric juice and confirmed that there was free gastric acid in the stomach. His observations clarified the basic problems of digestive physiology. When experimental medicine is backward, he has drawn many conclusions that are in line with current views, clarified some confusion concepts, and opened up new research approaches and developed animal experimental techniques. After his experimental results were transmitted to Europe, he inspired scientists to establish animal organ fistula models and promoted research on the digestive system.