What Is a First Aid Refresher?

First aid means emergency treatment, which means that when any accident or acute illness occurs, the rescuer uses the on-site applicable materials to temporarily and appropriately carry out preliminary rescue for the injured and the sick before the medical staff arrives, and according to the principle of medical care. Care and then rush to the hospital.

[jí jiù]

First aid means emergency treatment, which means that when any accident or acute illness occurs, the rescuer uses the on-site applicable materials to temporarily and appropriately carry out preliminary rescue for the injured and the sick before the medical staff arrives, and according to the principle of medical care. Care and then rush to the hospital.

Chinese name

first aid

Foreign name

emergency treatment

Purpose

Respiration, heartbeat, hemostasis, and shock treatment

Common methods

Artificial respiration

Save lives-restore breathing, heartbeat,

Can be prepared with sterilized cotton; sterilized gauze; dressing bag; adhesive tape; bandage (2 'and 3' each); medicinal fire wine; mild disinfectant such as Javerton; rubber cloth; safety pin; scissors;

The emergency ambulance procedure usually has these steps:

The first step is to call the emergency number 120; the second is to quickly move the injured to a nearby safe place; the third is to quickly classify the injured, first rescue the critically ill, and give priority to the critically escorted.

In the case of serious injuries or someone suddenly becoming seriously ill, while calling for help, pay special attention to the following first aid points: First, implement rapid rescue. The second is to place the injured person in a ventilated place. Must follow the "three fast" principle of quick grab, fast rescue, fast delivery.

Mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration: the most effective and rapid method, should be performed immediately after the airway is unobstructed. Under normal circumstances, the patient's breathing will recover quickly, unless they are shocked, poisoned, and poisoned with carbon monoxide. In these cases, nerves and muscles are paralyzed, or carbon monoxide replaces oxygen in the blood. Be prepared for a long time.

Open airway: Lay the patient on his back on a flat, hard floor, press the patient's forehead with one hand, and lift the mandibular part of the patient with the other hand, making his head tilt back. Squeeze the nostril with one hand, check the mouth and throat for obstructions, cover the patient's mouth with an open mouth, and give artificial respiration twice.

When you give the patient artificial respiration, pay attention to the undulations of the thorax. If there is no thoracic undulations, you need to reopen the airway, and then re- give artificial respiration.

Normal breathing can be given by artificial respiration, to avoid reflux of stomach contents caused by excessive ventilation.

Mouth-to-nose: For whatever reason, if you can't do the previous method, you can seal the patient's mouth and use artificial mouth-to-nose breathing. For babies, you can cover his mouth and nose with his mouth.

The first five minutes may be the most critical, but if the patient is still not breathing, artificial respiration should last at least 1 hour, and the team members can replace it. Also check if the heartbeat is normal.

To ensure the safety of the injured, after taking the above emergency measures, the following matters should be noted:

a . For safety reasons, the wounded should not be moved unless necessary. It should be in the position that best suits its physical condition or injury. Don't let him get up or move around.

b . To avoid unnecessary surgical treatment and interference to the injured.

c . Try to cover the victim with a blanket or quilt to avoid freezing. If the weather is cold or humid, put some clothing or blankets under the wounded and cover more.

d . Identify the cause of the injury or sudden illness. After the main problems are brought under control, they will be dealt with as follows:

To find out the exact cause, you can ask the injured or the people around you when you are injured;

Finding medical cards for patients so that they can understand the cause of the emergency;

When the injury is serious, try to notify the family members of the injured person as soon as possible.

e . The injured can only be checked in sequence according to the type of accident or sudden illness and the needs of the situation. What you want to do is well-founded.

Loosen tight clothing. However, if the spine is injured, the injured person's belt must not be pulled.

To more accurately check for injuries, remove or remove clothing if necessary. Clothing can be cut or ripped from the seam, but extreme care must be taken to avoid further injury. If there is no suitable cover for protection, do not overexpose the injured person's body.

Pay attention to the appearance of the injured person, including discoloration of the skin, and check for all the symptoms that can provide an injury or sudden illness. If the skin of the injured person is dark, it is necessary to judge based on the color change of the mucous membrane or the surface of the lips, mouth and eyelid.

Check the pulse of the injured. If the wrist cannot be detected, check the

First, make sure that there is no further danger to the rescuer and the injured person, and try to give first aid without moving the injured person as much as possible. Calm yourself, check the victim quickly, evaluate and decide on the priority of first aid.

If there is a lot of bleeding, stop bleeding immediately.

If breathing ceases, artificial respiration should be performed. If cardiac arrest occurs, CPR should be initiated immediately. Handle shock, raise lower limbs and keep warm.

Second, move the patient to a sheltered place, such as a tent or natural shelter, as soon as possible to prevent the injury from aggravating. When placing the patient, take the correct posture.

Head and chest injuries. If it is a transverse injury, you can adopt the posture of lying on your back and knees. If it is a direct injury, you should adopt the position of lying on your back. For those with unconsciousness but normal breathing, a reversion posture can be adopted. Shock patients should lie flat and raise their lower limbs 20-30 cm.

Injuries of unconsciousness, suspected internal injuries, severe head injuries, and abdominal penetration may require general anesthesia. Food or beverages must not be given and must be sent to the doctor in the shortest possible time. Because it is difficult to get medical treatment in the mountainous area, the changes of the injured should be closely observed on the way, and the injured should be comforted and encouraged at any time to reduce their fear and anxiety. If the journey down the mountain is long or it is inconvenient to move the injured person, you can send two people down the mountain for help first, or use a wireless intercom for help. When calling for help, the location of the call for assistance (preferably with obvious goals), the condition of the injured person, and the emergency treatment that has been done should be explained in detail so that the rescue work can exert a positive effect.

Introduction: Do you encounter such a situation, when some acute or common diseases suddenly occur, often because you can not rush to the hospital for treatment in time, causing great pain to the patient, or even an accident. Then, try the following 12 acupoint rescue methods!

Experts point out that in emergency situations where there is no medical treatment and no medicine, as long as you have a few practical methods of treating acupuncture points by hand, you can win precious time for patients to be sent to the hospital for treatment.

1. Relieve headache:

During the onset of headache, the patient can press the temples on both sides of his head with the index finger of both hands, which is located in the depression between the eyebrow tip and the outer corner of the eye. The pressure can be relieved by swelling and rotating clockwise for about 1 minute.

2. Treatment shock:

Stimulating the midpoint of a person at the midpoint of the nasolabial folds has the effect of raising blood pressure and exciting the respiratory center. When suffering from stroke, heat stroke, poisoning, or allergic patients suddenly appear coma, stop breathing, drop in blood pressure or even shock, etc., pressing the middle point of their thumb with the tip of the thumb can often have a first aid effect.

3. Lowering blood pressure:

Hypertension patients often have a sharp rise in blood pressure due to anger, anger, excitement, fatigue and other reasons, which poses a great threat to the patient's life. At this point, pressing the Laogong acupoint is located on the palm of the human body. When the second and third metacarpals are offset to the third metacarpal, the middle fingertips of the fists of the fists often make the blood pressure gradually return to normal.

4, cure constipation:

If a constipated person presses the left Tianshu acupoint at 2 inches on the left side of the navel when he points with his left hand, he will hold it for about 1 minute until he has a noticeable soreness; then he will hold his breath. Increase the intra-abdominal pressure, and you can have a smooth bowel movement in a while.

5. Treatment of syncope:

During heat stroke, stroke, and collapse, the patient suddenly passed out, unconscious, pale, and sweaty. At this time, the family can use the thumb to squeeze the patient's Hegu acupoint on the back of the human hand, the middle point of the second metacarpal, and the side of the thumb for 2 to 3 minutes, which will usually be relieved.

6. Stop vomiting:

When vomiting, the patient can use the middle finger to press the Neiguan acupoint in the middle of the forearm and 2 inches above the horizontal stripes of the wrist to stop vomiting. It should be pressed until a soreness is felt, and the vomiting should be stopped in about 1 minute.

7, stop the nosebleed:

When the nose is bleeding, immediately pinch your heel with your thumb and index finger at the depression between the ankle and the heel bone. The left nose bleeding pinches the right heel and the right nose bleeding pinches the left heel to stop bleeding.

8. Stomach pain:

In case of stomach pain, rubbing the legs with the thumbs of both hands and Zusanli acupoint is located three inches below the knee, and a lateral finger on the lateral side of the tibia. After a feeling of soreness and swelling, persist for 3 to 5 minutes, and the stomach pain can be significantly reduced.

9, stop angina:

Angina pectoris is often accompanied by chest compression and suffocation. At this point, you can press the Yang point on the back of the human body. When the posterior midline is in the depression of the seventh thoracic spinous process, it is usually pressed for 3 to 6 minutes, and angina can be effectively relieved.

10, biliary colic:

When cholecystitis and gallstones occur, severe colic can occur in the right upper abdomen. The patient can use his thumb to continuously massage the Yanglingquan point on the right lower leg, which is located obliquely below the knee. The fibula head on the outer side of the lower leg is sunken slightly for 2 minutes to obtain a good analgesic effect.

11. Renal colic:

Patients with renal colic often suffer unbearably. At this time, thumbs can be used to rub Sanyinjiao on the inner side of the calf. When the tip of the inner ankle is 3 inches behind the medial edge of the tibia, repeated massage for 3 to 5 minutes can obtain ease.

12, hiccup:

When hiccuping, the patient can use the thumb and forefinger to squeeze the Shao Shang acupoint 0.1 inches near the corner of the nail on the radial side of the thumb. It is better to feel sore for half a minute to 1 minute, and the hiccup will stop. )