What Is Lifelong Learning?

Lifelong learning refers to the continuous learning process of each member of society throughout the life of a person in order to meet the needs of social development and individual development. That is, we often say "live to learn to learn" or "endless learning." Under the special social, educational and life background, the concept of lifelong learning has emerged, which has hotspots such as lifelong, national, and extensive. After the introduction of lifelong education and lifelong learning, all countries have attached great importance to and actively practiced it. Lifelong learning enlightens us to establish a lifelong educational thinking, so that students learn to learn, and more importantly, to cultivate students to develop a good habit of active, continuous exploration, self-renewal, learning and applying knowledge.

Chinese name: life-long learning

Foreign name: lifelong learning
Applied discipline: psychology

Definition of Lifelong Learning

Lifelong learning refers to the continuous learning process of each member of society throughout the life of a person in order to meet the needs of social development and individual development.

In a word, live to learn old.

Since the mid 1960s, with the vigorous promotion, promotion and popularization of UNESCO and other relevant international organizations, in 1994, the "First World Conference on Lifelong Learning" was held in Rome, and lifelong learning has reached a worldwide consensus. Lifelong education has been widely spread throughout the world as an extremely important educational concept. Many countries, when formulating their own education policies, policies or constructing the framework of national education systems, are based on the concept of lifelong education, take the basic principles of lifelong education as the starting point, and take these principles as the main goal. In today's society, if we want to talk about what kind of educational theory or education trend has shaken the world the most, it is undoubtedly lifelong education.

The term lifelong education has been short-formed since the formal introduction by UNESCO s Director of Adult Education, France s Paul Lengrand, during the International Conference on Adult Education Promotion hosted by UNESCO in 1965. In just a few years, it has been widely spread in various countries around the world. The discussion on the concept of lifelong education in the past 30 years is widely divergent, and there is no unified authoritative conclusion to date. This fact not only reflects the degree of attention and attention this brand-new educational concept has received from all over the world, but also confirms the comprehensive interpretation and rigorous proof necessary for the concept to form a scientific concept. There is a gap between theory and practice. Several lifelong education concepts:

What lifelong education means is not a specific entity, but a general idea or principle, or a series of methods of care and research. In a nutshell, it refers to the sum of the education of a person's life and the education of the entire individual and social life.

-Paul Langerang

Lifelong education should be a human, social, and professional process experienced by individuals or groups for the improvement of their living standards through the life of each individual. This is at various stages of life and in the field of life, with the purpose of inspiring and improving, and includes all formal, non-formal and informal learning. , A comprehensive and unified concept.

RH David (former full-time researcher of UNESCO Institute of Education)

The third, more authoritative point of view was put forward by E. Girby, who has been the Minister of Lifelong Education of UNESCO since 1972. Djerby believes: "Lifelong education should be the integration of school education and education and training after graduation; it is not only the development of the relationship between formal and non-formal education, but also the adoption of individuals (including children, youth, adults) Community life achieves its cultural and educational goals to the maximum, and constitutes a central element of education policy. "

E. Jerby (former Minister of Lifelong Education of UNESCO)

These three viewpoints are different in terms of expression and emphasis, but one thing is the same: they all believe that lifelong education includes the sum of all kinds of education in a person's life.

Here, we would like to quote the definition of lifelong education in the report of the International Development Commission "Learning to Survive": "The concept of lifelong education includes all aspects of education, including everything in it, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. There is no part of education that is not lifelong, not divided. In other words, lifelong education is not an education system, but the principle on which a comprehensive organization of a system is built, and this principle runs through this system. In the development of each part of life. "A more common view of lifelong education is that it is" the sum of the various kinds of training people receive in their lives ", which refers to beginning at the beginning of human life and ending at The end of human life, including all stages of human development and educational activities in all aspects. It includes education at all levels and levels of a person from various stages of development from infancy to old age, as well as education from different fields of school, family, and society. The ultimate goal is to "maintain and improve the individual The quality of social life. "

The International Education Commission for the 21st Century pointed out in a report to UNESCO: "Lifelong learning is a passport for people in the 21st century." Lifelong learning also specifically refers to "learning to learn, learning to do things, learning to live together, learning to be a person." This is 21 The four pillars of Century Education are also the pillars of growth for everyone.

Background to lifelong learning

1. The drastic changes in social, professional, and family daily life in the new era have led people to update their knowledge and concepts in order to gain new resilience.

The late 1950s and early 1960s coincided with a period of rapid technological innovation and social changes. This huge change is not only reflected in the economic structure, processes and functions in the fields of production, distribution, consumption, etc., but also affects daily life and ordinary family life, making it undergo great changes. People face a new and evolving career, family and social life. To adapt to it, people must arm themselves with new knowledge, skills and concepts. Lifelong education emphasizes that people must continuously receive education and learning throughout their lives in order to continuously update their knowledge and maintain resilience. Its philosophy is exactly in line with the needs of the times, society and individuals. Therefore, once the concept of lifelong education is put forward, it has received unprecedented attention Take it for granted.

2. People's increasing demands for real life and self-realization.

After the Second World War, with the improvement of economic conditions, people gradually got rid of the predicament of clothing, food and shelter. The popularity of electronic appliances is also a way for people to get rid of the drag of manual labor and housework, and modern people have begun to have more free time. With the improvement of external conditions, people have begun to pay attention to the fulfillment of spiritual life, and expect to achieve self-improvement through personal efforts. To achieve a high-level, high-quality spiritual pursuit, it is difficult to achieve it with a one-time school education, and it can be completed only with the support of lifelong education.

3. People demand fundamental reforms in traditional school education and even the education system, in order to expect a new education concept.

Since the establishment of the modern school education system, schools have played an irreplaceable role in any other social activities in taking responsibility for training and shaping the younger generation. But since the 1960s, the contradictions and ills of school education have been increasing. Such as a large number of children truancy, school violence, intensified competition for examinations, and the widening of differences caused by competition in schools and the serious disconnection between the school and society caused by the emphasis on education. Under these circumstances, people generally hope that the old education system can be fundamentally reformed. Promote the organic combination of school education, family education and social education (adult education), and open and lifelong education is bound to be welcomed by people.

Lifelong learning characteristics

1.Lifetime

This is the biggest characteristic of lifelong education. It breaks through the framework of formal schools and regards education as a continuous learning process in an individual's life. It is the sum of various trainings that people have received in their lifetimes. . It includes both formal and non-formal education. It includes all stages and forms of the education system.

Nationality

The universality of lifelong education means that people who receive lifelong education include all people, regardless of gender, age, wealth, and ethnicity. UNESCO's Hamburg Education Researcher Dabe proposed that lifelong education has the characteristics of democratization and opposes the education knowledge to serve the so-called elite, which is that ordinary people with multiple abilities have equal access to education. In fact, everyone in today's society must learn to survive, and learning to survive is inseparable from lifelong education, because survival and development are the mainstream of the times, and survival must learn, which is what modern society proposes to everyone New topics.

3. Extensiveness

Lifelong education includes both family education, school education, and social education. It can be said that it includes all stages of human beings, education at all times, all places, all occasions and all aspects. Lifelong education has expanded the world of learning and injected new vitality into the entire education cause.

4.Flexibility and practicality

Modern life-long is flexible, manifested in anyone who needs to learn, can receive any form of education anytime, anywhere. The time, place, content and method of study are all determined by the individual. People can choose the study that suits them best according to their own characteristics and needs.

Meaning of Lifelong Learning

Lifelong learning enables us to overcome difficulties at work and solve new problems at work; it can meet our needs for survival and development; it can give us greater development space and better realize our own value; it can enrich our spiritual life And continuously improve the quality of life.

Learning is the only way for human beings to understand nature and society, and to constantly improve and develop themselves. No matter a person, a group, a nation, or a society, only through continuous learning can we gain new knowledge, grow talents, and keep up with the times. The report of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized: "To form a learning society for all people's learning and lifelong learning, and to promote the all-round development of people." This puts forward new and higher requirements for learning from the depth and breadth.

Lifelong learning is about learning all one's life. From infancy, juveniles, youth, middle-aged to old age, learning will accompany people throughout their life and affect their development throughout life. This is a requirement of the constantly evolving objective world. Since the birth of human beings, learning has become a basic activity for the entire human race and each individual. Without learning, one cannot understand and transform nature, and cannot understand and adapt to society; without learning, humankind cannot have all the progress achieved today. The role of learning is not limited to the mastery of certain knowledge and skills. Learning also makes people intelligent, civilized, noble and perfect, and enables all-round development. It is based on this understanding that people always regard learning as an eternal theme, repeatedly emphasize the significance of learning, and constantly explore scientific methods of learning. At the same time, people are increasingly realizing that there is no limit to practice and no limit to learning. The ancients: I have no place to live, but no place to know. In today's world, the world is changing rapidly, new situations and new problems are emerging, and the rate of knowledge update is greatly accelerated. To adapt to the ever-changing objective world, people must change their learning from simple knowledge to a way of life, and strive to live to the old, learn the old, and learn for life.

Lifelong Learning Practices in Various Countries

Since the establishment of the theory of lifelong education, it has received widespread attention from various countries. Channel, and reorganize and design its own national education system based on the principle of lifelong education, and try to establish a large-scale lifelong education system that implements lifelong education from kindergarten to senior university, from family education to corporate education.

1. Formulate regulations

Many countries have passed legislation to establish the theory of lifelong education as the basic guiding ideology for the development and reform of education in the country today and in the future. For example, Japan established the Lifelong Learning Bureau in 1988, and in 1990 promulgated and implemented the Law on the Promotion of Lifelong Learning. The United States set up a Lifelong Education Bureau within the Federal Bureau of Education, and enacted and promulgated the "Lifelong Learning Act" in 1976. The French National Assembly enacted and passed a relatively complete adult education law, the "Lifelong Vocational Education Law" in 1971, and also passed a new "Continuing Vocational Education Law" in 1984 to supplement some issues. South Korea wrote lifelong education into the constitution in the early 1980s and began to implement a lifelong education policy. Many countries, such as the Federal Republic of Germany, Sweden, and Canada, have also issued corresponding laws for lifelong education.

2. Include adult education

The Nairobi Conference adopted the "Advice on the Development of Adult Education" in 1976, suggesting that: Adult education is part of the overall lifelong education; education must not be limited to the school stage, but should be extended to all aspects of life, to all kinds Various areas of skills and knowledge. Under the influence of this idea of lifelong education, governments of various countries regard adult education as a guide to promote the process of lifelong education, attach great importance to adult education, and ensure the development of adult education by enacting laws. In 1976, Norway passed the adult education law for the first time in the world, which regards adult education as the basis of a lifelong learning system and promotes coordination and cooperation in all areas of adult education. In 1982, South Korea enacted the Social (Adult) Education Law and proposed the institutionalization of social (adult) education. The education plan adopted by the Federal Republic of Germany in 1973 listed adult education as the fourth education in parallel with the junior, middle, and tertiary education of general education. In order to guarantee the implementation of adult education, many countries have adopted many effective measures, such as: adopting flexible policies in terms of enrollment conditions; paid education leave systems; financial assistance;

3. Open to society

Changing the closed structure of schools to form an open and flexible education structure is a major practice in all countries to promote lifelong education. In 1995, Japan held a "Lifelong Learning Review Conference" composed of celebrities from all walks of life. During the meeting, higher education institutions were required to open their doors to society and widely recruit working adults into higher education institutions. Adult universities in Japan have been included in the university plan, and some high schools have also held open lectures to make high schools open to the community and play the role of the school's cultural center. In the United States, especially after the 1960s, social colleges with the goal of establishing districts have been vigorously developed, and their openness to adults has reached almost no limit. Many universities have set up university open departments to carry out educational activities for "non-traditional students". The UK also has the Open University and the Adult Education Department of the University, which offers adult education. In many European countries, universities provide people with opportunities for continuing education and returning education through public lectures, adult education centers, correspondence courses, etc.

4.Develop various channels

Many countries have consciously incorporated cultural organizations, community organizations, professional associations, and enterprises and institutions into the lifelong education system, making full use of all kinds of resources and facilities with educational power and educational value to integrate education and society. Japan proposed the "transition to a lifelong education system" in 1988, developing social education groups, establishing learning information networks, establishing a lifelong education system integrating family, society, and school education, and integrating cultural halls, libraries, museums, and activities Various scientific and cultural facilities such as the center are included in the scope of education. Many non-educational institutions such as prisons, unions, the military, and hospitals in the United States are also actively engaged in adult education. Many companies also provide regular training to employees.

Although all countries have made certain achievements in the field of lifelong education, overall, lifelong education is still in the practice stage in all countries in the world, and no country has truly established a complete lifelong education system.

Inspiration from Lifelong Learning Education

1.Establish the thought of lifelong education

Lifelong education is an education of knowledge renewal and knowledge innovation. The main idea of lifelong education is that each person must be able to use various opportunities in his or her life to update, deepen and further enrich the initially acquired knowledge and adapt himself. Fast-growing society. Every teacher must have the ability of self-development and self-improvement, continuously improve their self-quality, continuously accept new knowledge and new technology, and constantly update their education concepts, professional knowledge and ability structure in order to make their education concepts , Knowledge systems and teaching methods to keep up with the changes of the times and improve the understanding of the latest developments in education and disciplines. The ability of lifelong learning is not only a requirement of social development for people, but also a requirement of teachers' professional role in educational reform. Imagine if a teacher's own ideas and knowledge structure remain the same from beginning to end, how can he cultivate talents that meet the needs of society? Primary and secondary schools should first grasp the training of teachers. Teachers themselves need to adopt a correct attitude, continue to learn, update their knowledge system, and cultivate their abilities in all aspects.

2. Make students learn

Primary and secondary education should enable students to master the learning methods and establish the concept of lifelong learning. Ordinary primary and secondary education is basic education, and this foundation includes the foundation of lifelong education. In the past, people divided education into formal education and non-formal education, general education and adult education, and believed that lifelong education was only the task of non-formal education or adult education. This is a big misunderstanding. Lifelong education is an education concept, and the education system that embodies this concept is the lifelong education system. It runs through a person's life and includes all levels of education at all levels of development, from a baby to old age. General education not only lays the foundation for lifelong learning, but also bears the task of continuing education. For the nation, education makes the future.

Lifelong learning habits

Active learning habits for lifelong learning

1. Definition and connotation

Active learning refers to learning as an activity from the heart that reflects individual needs. Its opposite is passive learning, that is, learning as an external activity that has to be accepted.

The habit of active learning essentially regards learning as one's urgent needs and desires, and perseveres in autonomous learning, self-evaluation, and self-monitoring, and appropriate self-regulation when necessary to make learning more efficient and effective.

Specifically, the habit of active learning mainly includes six aspects of connotation.

One is to make learning your own business. This is mainly reflected in handling every detail of learning well, as far as possible without the reminder of others, and do a good job of self-management. Of course, not everyone is a born "love" learner, so sometimes the reminder and help of others is needed to cultivate the habit of active learning.

Second, there is a thirst for learning, and there is an energy for learning whenever and wherever there is a little time. Lu Xun said that he just spent the time of others drinking coffee for reading. He also said that time is like water in a sponge, as long as you are willing to squeeze it. In fact, if a person develops the habit of active learning, he will never complain that time is not enough, because the first thing he thinks of is always learning whenever he has time, so that he can spend scattered time Use it.

The third is to evaluate your learning in a timely and effective manner. In the course of a person's learning, not only his learning level is constantly changing, but his interests and hobbies are also constantly changing. Evaluating and reviewing these aspects will not only help to ensure the speed and quality of learning, but more importantly, ensure that the learning direction is correct.

The fourth is to actively adjust their learning behaviors to adapt to different environments and needs. The environment around us is not determined by ourselves. When a person is always complaining about how unfair the surrounding environment is, his attention is probably out of study, and his ability will be wasted in complaining. Adapting to different environments is not only a performance of active learning, but also an opportunity to exercise multiple abilities and enrich personality.

Fifth, perseverance when faced with difficulties. Most people's learning will not be smooth. Being able to persevere when faced with difficulties is an important part of active learning.

Six is to treat others properly. People often complain that their academic performance is not good because their parents are not helping enough, or their parents have not invited themselves to good tutors. In fact, if we take a closer look, we can see that the better students and the more thoughtful people, the less direct help others need, and the more they can immerse themselves in research. The help of others is mainly to provide different information and expand their horizons.

2.Cultivation points

To cultivate the habit of active learning, we must first cultivate the thirst for learning. Only when such a need is formed can we actively seek out and discover the learning resources we are interested in and overcome all the difficulties encountered in learning.

Second, make learning your own business. Independently, conscientiously and solidly do everything that should be done in the study, and solve every problem encountered in the study.

Again, learn to conduct self-evaluation. Self-evaluation is one of the basic steps that every active learner must master. Only with the correct self-evaluation can we understand our learning situation, knowing both our own strengths and our own shortcomings. This is not only conducive to giving play to one's own strengths, but also to improving and improving one's own disadvantages.

In addition, we must have unremitting courage. There are not many smart people in the world, but there are relatively few successful ones. The reason is that most people are not incompetent but have the courage to face repeated setbacks.

Lifelong learning habits of constant exploration

1. Definition and connotation

Continuous exploration is to study in many unknown areas, relying on your own interests, relying on your own discoveries and searches, and seeking answers and solving problems.

2 training points

To cultivate the habit of constant exploration, we must first have a strong interest in certain things and phenomena around us, as well as the opinions and views we hear and see. If anything and phenomena around you can't attract your slightest interest, can't make you feel, and can't make you heart, then real exploration is impossible. Exploration begins with interest. In addition to interest, it is best to have material conditions and preparations, such as corresponding places and tools. For experimental science, for example, it would be better if there was a laboratory.

To cultivate the habit of continuous exploration, you also need to constantly enrich your information resources. Information resources include both human and knowledge resources. In terms of human resources, when you meet a Bole who can see your potential, he can take you on a successful path. Cultivate the habit of constant exploration, but also have an open mind about new things.

Self-renewal habit

I. Definition and Connotation

Self-renewal means that we do not stick to the knowledge we have acquired and the ability to form it. From the perspective of development and improvement, we constantly improve our knowledge, knowledge, and capabilities.

Self-renewal requires constant connection, scrutiny, questioning and development of the knowledge and abilities that you have. Opening a review paper on any subject in any subject, we can see such a phenomenon. All the scientific developments seemed almost naive at first, and many of them were even naive. However, it was from this naivety that a rigorous scientific system was gradually established. For specific people, the cognitions and abilities that are initially generated tend to be naive at higher levels, but all high-level people also develop from naive. It is clear that there is room for the development of one's own knowledge, that is, the "naive" side is the prerequisite for self-renewal.

Individual development and human development as a whole follow the same laws in cognitive development. Therefore, people who are more knowledgeable tend to be more humblebecause they know more about what they do nt know, but people who know only a little bit seem proud, and seem to know everything, because he knows more than he knows.

Self-renewal must first have the motivation to pursue. People who have no motivation for development, even if they have good talents and conditions, may not be able to obtain good development. People with superior living conditions may not be able to find the superiority of their own conditions. On the contrary, they are more likely to be unable to find the motivation and goals to pursue in the superior environment.

Self-renewal also requires extensive exploration.

Self-righteousness and frivolity are stumbling blocks to self-renewal.

Keep the passion for self-renewal, but not be honored.

Training points

First, let yourself be open-minded. Some people are used to saying "no", and they always refuse to stay away for new information. It is true that there are many new information and new things in the society that are very frivolous and need to be rejected. However, if you use this as a reason, you can easily reject things that you do nt know much about. An open mind requires an open mind to all new information and new things. For the dross among them, we must give strong refutation and criticism; we must also fully understand, understand and apply advanced and valuable information among them.

This is true for the development of nations and nations, as well as for human development. With the development of science and technology, people's cognitive horizons will become wider and wider. In the face of endless new things, blind rejection is unnecessary. It is wise to open mind and then absorb the essence and discard the dross.

Second, cultivate sensitivity to new things and new phenomena. Being able to detect differences in new things sensitively is very important for self-renewal.

Third, we must be good at reflection. Learning to use a set of methods to reflect on your own gains and losses, your own level of thought and level, is of great significance to personal self-renewal. In the process of reflection, you must take an objective and critical attitude towards your own stereotypes, instead of "broom cherished" like Song Guo's fool who got Yan Shi.

Fourth, a person's lack of knowledge is not terrible. The fear is that like the Song nationality who regarded Yanshi as precious jade, he was ignorant and not pretending to understand, did not listen to the advice of others, and thought he was doing something stupid .

Expand your horizons. This is an important source of self-renewal. Self-renewal does not happen for no reason. For self-renewal, it must be because of discoveries, and for discoveries, we must expand our horizons.

Fifth, modest. Modesty is also an important quality needed for self-renewal.

Sixth, attach importance to the opinions of others and take the initiative to express their opinions. This is significant for self-renewal.

Lifelong Learning Habits

1. Definition and connotation

I often hear students complain that what they learn in school is useless. Is that really the case? Learning is not useful, of course, useless; learning to apply is naturally useful. In China's current school teaching, for various reasons, teachers may not often guide students to connect the knowledge they have just learned with life practice, rarely give students some life-related problems, and The knowledge of a topic, or even multiple topics in a variety of disciplines, is combined for comprehensive use. However, this does not mean that knowledge itself is useless.

Knowledge, derived from the entire production and life practice of mankind, is constantly developed and improved by people in the process of practical problems. So, as far as knowledge is concerned, it must be useful. The reason for the "knowledge uselessness theory" is that on the one hand, teachers do not give enough guidance on the use of knowledge; on the one hand, the more important aspect is that students themselves have not worked hard to explore the availability of knowledge. Of course, this is not to accuse students of not working hard. Under the current education system, students' academic burdens are too heavy and pressure is too high. We are not going to investigate what the reason is, but to shift the focus of the discussion to how to apply it to learning.

On the one hand, the essence of "learning to apply" is to restore indirect experience and knowledge into living, practical knowledge. This process of restoration requires a pair of keen eyes and a mind that is always thinking. A pair of keen eyes let you observe what the phenomena in the real world look like. The mind that always thinks, allows you to constantly discover the laws behind the phenomenon.

The essence of "learning to apply" is in the other hand. What works in theory may be much more complicated in practice than imagined. "On paper, you will have a lasting sense, and you never know how to do this." Doing it yourself is more specific, comprehensive, and intuitive than simply talking on paper. For technical work, the best people are often not people with a high degree of education, but people with operating tendency, operating ability and operating experience.

In the process of "learning to apply", people can fully discover their potential. Many people don't have confidence in themselves. They think they can't do this, that won't work, and they can't do anything. But here's the question: Have you tried to do it? When you were doing it, did you try it out, or did you keep trying and losing? Some problems may seem complicated, but when you actually do it, you will find that it is not too difficult. For really complicated problems, it is impossible to do it overnight. If you try to stop it, you can only increase your sense of failure, and you are even less confident. Therefore, if you do more, you will find that you can do a lot; if you do less, you will find that you can do less and less.

2.Cultivation points

To develop the habit of "learning to apply", we must first observe and think frequently. Observation and thinking are the source of all wisdom. Phenomena and laws exist objectively, just like apples in apple orchards fall down every year, and countless people are smashed, but only Newton has discovered the law of universal gravity. This is the effect of observation and thinking . It can be said that almost all the discoveries come from careful observation and thinking.

Second, we must learn to do. "Doing" is the core of this habit. We must continue to do experiments to verify the ideas and opinions we have put forward.

In addition to experimenting, "playing" is also one of the important ways of "doing." There are two ways of "playing" that people like. One is purely for relaxation and does not want to do anything. It belongs to "entertainment and rest" play. The other is exploratory play. I want to figure out everything and want to play tricks. It is also playing games. Some people can learn to write game programs by themselves, while others are addicted to it, and their youth is lost. So, in essence, play is not exactly the same. The key difference is whether the brain is taken away by the game during the game, or whether the game is designed for rules, improvements and enhancements.

Knowledge is the growth point for hands-on operations. The success of any hands-on operation is inseparable from knowledge. In the exploratory hands-on process, we may not be clear at first about the laws and knowledge contained in them, but the process of operation can only succeed if it conforms to the laws. Therefore, for hands-on operation, it is very important to sum up the regular knowledge contained in it. Only in this way can operations be more effectively promoted.

Lifelong learning habits to optimize knowledge

1. Definition and connotation

In a knowledge society, information is as vast as smoke, and swimmers are born, but not swimmers. "Swimming" here refers to managing knowledge and processing information.

It is safe to say that the most important learning ability of the 21st century is learning to manage knowledge and process information. Specifically, you ca nt and do nt need to remember all the knowledge, but you can know where to find the knowledge you need, and you can find it quickly. You ca nt and do not need to know all the information, but you can know the most important What the message is, and what you should do.

To manage knowledge and process information scientifically, we must first learn to reflect. The reason why Confucius became an eternal sage is due to "three provinces in one day". The great changes in China's reform and opening up have benefited from reflection on history and reality. The reason why mankind yearns for peace and development and attaches more and more importance to environmental protection also benefits from reflection on history and reality. Specific to the real progress of each of us, it is necessary to reflect on the past. Therefore, reflection is one of the most important characteristics of why people are human.

When educator Tao Xingzhi founded Yucai School in Chongqing, he asked the students in the school to develop the habit of introspection every day. In his words, it is to ask four times a day. The first question, has your body improved? The second question, has your academic progress? The third question, has your work improved? The fourth question: Has your moral progress? In this, five words should be done, the first word is "one", the specific "one"; the second word is "set", the collected "set"; the first The three words are "drill", the "drill" studied; the fourth word is "cut", the anatomy "cut"; the fifth word is "tough", the tough "tough". The four questions and five words summarized by Tao Xingzhi are the contents and methods that need our daily reflection.

Secondly, we must learn to use computers and networks effectively, and at the same time we must avoid the bad use of computers and networks on the basis of understanding. Learning to manage knowledge and process information is almost impossible without the use of computers and the Internet.

Computers have many functions, such as games, graphics, statistics, reading electronic publications, watching movies or cartoons, listening to music, and so on. The Internet is far more powerful than a computer. When our computer is connected to countless computers in the world, it brings a new life to children and families.

What else can the Internet do for us, besides what computers can do?

According to researcher Bu Wei, director of the Mass Media and Youth Development Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the Internet has at least five functions. First, it helps us learn the skills of using information resources. Second, it sets up a global communication network for us. Increasing ways for young people to access the world; fourth, learn to express themselves bravely; fifth, increase communication with parents and friends.

2.Cultivation points

Reflection is the most important thing in cultivating scientific management knowledge and handling information habits. So how to reflect?

First, think more. Do the wrong question or write the wrong word, and take the initiative to think instead of rushing to ask the teacher, parents and classmates for the correct answer. Because learning is a process of "enlightenment", and "enlightenment" cannot be replaced by others. After finishing the homework, you must first check it yourself and reflect on the summary yourself.

Second, we need to review more. Reading and learning has a process of thinning and thickening a book, that is, after reading a thick book or a long lesson, after reflection, you will realize the most important thing, which is to change the book from thick to thin. Grab the most important things, associate them, extend them, and sublimate them. The thin things gradually thicken and become a thick book. However, this is no longer the original book, but the original book of the learner.

Again, do more with your pen. As the saying goes, good memory is worse than bad writing. Since writing is often deeper, more rational, and more rigorous than speech, writing more often becomes one of the basic methods of reflection. For example, writing diaries, writing notes, and other methods are worth promoting vigorously, which has special significance for your growth.

The growth process of young people is the process of self-consciousness development, the process of interaction between individuals and society, and it must be accompanied by sourness, bitterness, bitterness, and bitterness. Therefore, the diary became the most intimate and faithful friend. It can be said that the diary is our best companion for reflective growth.

Finally, make effective use of the Internet. Computers and the Internet have such a large role and impact, so how to use the Internet healthily and effectively?

8-11 years old. At this age, they often already have more experience using the Internet. In order to complete school work, you need to consult the online encyclopedia and download relevant data and pictures. Sometimes I also started making online pen pals to communicate with relatives and friends from afar. This stage is also a crucial period for young people to desire independence and form values. However, the lack of necessary discrimination for bad culture, misleading information and harmful information requires guidance from parents. For example, establish clear rules of use; do not order products online or send out any information about yourself and your family without parental permission; if you find unusual information, tell your parents immediately; discuss online cultural phenomena such as online anonymity with your parents; control When surfing the Internet, put an alarm clock next to you.

12-14 years old. This age group is in a period of active Internet surfing, and has learned to search a large number of interesting information resources, such as browsing university libraries, online magazines, and newspapers. You can ask authoritative people in various ways, participate in interactive groups, and share with others. Experience and interest. The issues to pay attention to at this stage are: clear internet laws and regulations, and time limits for surfing the internet; try to go online with parents as much as possible; design an internet plan and ask parents to supervise them; avoid violent and pornographic videos when downloading video games unhealthy.

15-18 years old. At this stage, you have learned to use the unlimited resources provided by the online world to solve practical problems, such as finding job opportunities, choosing colleges, learning foreign languages, etc., discovering new useful websites and making new friends. At this time, you can try to help your family solve some problems and find solutions on the Internet, such as querying online shopping information and determining travel routes. You can also help younger children and other students who are not familiar with computers and networks to use computers and Internet. ^[1]