What Are Dental Forceps?

Stomatological instruments are a general term for a class of instruments used for oral treatment and repair. It is mainly divided into oral knife, chisel, oral scissors, oral forceps, oral tweezers, clips, oral hooks, needles and other instruments.

Chinese name: Dental surgery instrument

Foreign name: Dental Surgical Instrument

Classification of dental surgery instruments

1. Oral knife and chisel ^[1]

A dental scalpel consists of a blade and a handle. The working end is a single-edged blade of various shapes and sizes. It is usually made of stainless steel and can be reused. Cutting is performed mainly in dental surgery. Commonly used are gingival knives, water gate knives, cement powder knives, and silver-mercury carving knives.

Dental scalpel

A dental chisel is a type of cutting tool, which is composed of a shank and a cutter head, and the cutter head is an inclined sharp edge. reusable. It is used to remove bone or cut bone connection during oral surgery. For example, dental chisels, enamel chisels, impacted dental chisels.

Dental enamel chisel

Oral scissors

Consists of a pair of connected blades with ring-shaped handles, usually made of stainless steel. reusable. Used for cutting oral tissue in dental surgery. There are crown scissors and gum scissors.

Gum scissors

Oral forceps

Oral forceps consist of forceps beak, joints and forceps, usually made of stainless steel. reusable. For dental operations such as fixation, hemostasis, and cutting. There are mainly alveolar rongeurs, dental extraction forceps, tongue forceps, cutting forceps, and enlarged forceps.

Adult dental extraction forceps

4. Oral forceps and clips

Dental forceps consist of a pair of superimposed blades, usually made of stainless steel. reusable. For clamping during dental examinations and treatments. There are mainly dental forceps, residual root forceps, and long forceps.

Dental forceps

Oral clips are instruments that fix dental materials to the corresponding positions of the teeth and prepare for dental restorations. They are usually made of stainless steel. reusable. Common are shaped sheet clamps. As shown below:

Oral clip

5. Oral hooks and needles

The oral hook is composed of a handle and a tip. The tip is curved and curved. It is used to turn the soft tissue of the open cavity to expose more of the treatment site, and the surgical operation is more convenient. There are mainly jaw tissue hooks and mouth corner hooks.

Mouth hook

The oral needle is composed of a handle and a needle body, and is a needle-shaped instrument for processing the interior of the root canal. Depending on the application, the needle part is usually needle-shaped, hook-shaped, or round-shaped, and can be reused. It can be used to detect the lesions on the tooth surface, gums and other parts, and treat the dental pulp. There are mainly dental probes, abscess probes, and periodontal pocket probes.

Dental probe

6. Other equipment

Other instruments are mainly crown remover, excavator, dental curette, scaler, curette, dental file, dental hammer, gingivitis irrigator, mouth mirror, periosteum separator, gingival separator, Root canal filler, cement powder filler, amalgam filler, light polisher, dental elevator, T-shaped dental elevator, root apex, pulp extraction needle handle, water gun head, hot air gun head, blowpipe, occlusion Devices, impression trays, molar molar ring holders, ligating rods, ring faders, archwire shapers, measuring devices, disposable dental irrigation needles, amalgam conveyors.

Teeth, T-shaped teeth, and root tips are used when extracting or extracting roots. They are mainly used to loosen teeth, and to remove roots, residual roots, and broken root tips.

The light grinder is a manual instrument used to remove excess repair material and is reusable. It is mainly used to smooth rough surfaces of oral restorations.

Root canal fillers, cement powder fillers, and amalgam fillers are manual instruments with tapered working sections, circular cross sections, and flat ends. It is mainly used to press the filling material into the target position.

Periosteum separator and gingival separator are mainly composed of a handle and a head stick, which can be reused. It is used to separate the soft tissue in the specified area during oral surgery.

The mirror is mainly composed of a handle, a mirror with or without a connecting rod, and can be reused. It is mainly used for oral examination.

Gingivitis irrigator is a manual instrument used to irrigate the gums and mouth, and can be reused.

Dental files and dental hammers are manual dental instruments. Their distal working ends are ridged cutting surfaces of various shapes that can be reused. They are mainly used for cutting and smoothing in dental treatment.

The scale and scraper are composed of a working end and a handle. There are two types of single head and double head. They can be reused for cleaning tartar on the surface of teeth.

A dental curette is composed of a handle and a round spoon-shaped head. The shape of the working end is a sharpened and passivated sharp-edged spoon with a semi-circular cross section. It is usually made of stainless steel and can be reused. It is used to pry and remove the stump or broken root tips and scrape soft tissue during oral surgery.

The picker is a manual instrument consisting of a handle and two working ends. It is usually made of stainless steel and can be reused. Used to remove coronal pulp and gingival necrosis when treating dental pulp.

The crown remover consists of a head and a handle, usually made of stainless steel, and can be reused. Used to remove metal crowns from teeth.

The disposable dental irrigation needle is composed of a needle seat, a connecting part, a needle tube, and a sheath, and is matched with an irrigation appliance for dental oral irrigation.

An amalgam conveyor is used to collect and store plastic material for delivery to a dental instrument in a prepared cavity. reusable.

Dental surgery instrument classification list

Serial number	name	Product name example	Management category
1	Oral knife and chisel	Gum knife, water knife, cement powder knife, silver mercury carving knife, bone chisel, impacted bone chisel, tooth enamel chisel	I
2	Oral scissors	Gum scissors, full crown scissors	I
3	Oral forceps	Extraction forceps, cutting teeth forceps, alveolar bone bite forceps, tongue forceps, enlarged forceps	I
4	Oral forceps and clips	Residual root forceps, dental forceps, long forceps, shaped clips	I
5	Oral hooks and needles	Dental probe, abscess probe, periodontal pocket probe	I
6	Other oral instruments	Teeth, T-shaped tooth, Teeth root, Teeth file, Bone hammer, Dental curette, Root canal filler, Periosteum separator, Gingival separator, Scaler, Curer, Picket, Grinding device, cement powder filler, amalgam filler, crown remover, mouth mirror, plucking needle handle, water gun head, hot air gun head, fire tube, articulator, impression tray, amalgam conveyor Molar band holders, ligating rods, band faders, archwire shapers, measuring devices, gingivitis irrigators	I
6	Other oral instruments	Disposable dental irrigation needle

Recovery and cleaning of dental surgical instruments

Recycle

Doctors or assistants should conduct preliminary decontamination of reusable diagnosis and treatment equipment in a timely manner after diagnosis and treatment, and place them in closed containers for timely centralized recovery. If it can't be cleaned immediately, the instruments and the like should be moisturized with water or enzyme detergent in a suitable container to prevent the dirt from drying and more difficult to clean. When transporting equipment to the decontamination area, use a covered container to carry the equipment. Loose and contaminated equipment should be summarized and minimized. Contaminated devices should not be counted in the office. Recycling tools should be cleaned and disinfected after each use and dried for future use ^[2] .

Cleaning

The washing process includes rinsing, washing, rinsing and final rinsing. There are two methods of mechanical cleaning and manual cleaning. Detachable instruments should be cleaned separately. Mechanical cleaning is suitable for the cleaning of conventional instruments, which can reduce the damage to cleaning personnel caused by contaminated instruments or sharps; ultrasonic cleaning is preferred for small dental instruments and instruments with complex structures; the manufacturer's instructions should be followed. Manual cleaning is suitable for the treatment of precision and complex instruments. It is also used for the preliminary treatment of instruments with heavy organic pollution.

Dental surgery instrument disinfection

1. Disinfection and cleaning of instruments should be disinfected. Mechanical thermal disinfection is preferred. Damp heat disinfection temperature is recommended to be 90 ° C. The disinfection time for instruments used directly after disinfection should be 5 min, and the disinfection time for instruments that must continue to be sterilized after disinfection is 1 min ^[2] .

2. dry

The disinfected instruments need to be dried, and drying equipment is preferred. Lumen instruments can be dried with an air gun, or they can be dried with a sterile low-fiber cloth. Do not wait for natural drying.

Dental surgery instrument sterilization

Packaging

Packaging is an important part of the sterilization process. The items to be sterilized must be packaged. Only packaged sterilized items can be called sterile items; packaging makes storage easy. Wrapping materials include: paper, plastic, disposable nonwovens and containers. If the paper is not damaged, it can prevent contamination and maintain sterility for a long time. It can also be used as a sterile area during diagnosis and treatment and used to wrap instruments after operation.

Sterilization

Sterilization can be achieved by physical or chemical methods. Including physical sterilization methods such as thermal sterilization and radiation sterilization, and sterilization methods using chemical sterilants such as ethylene oxide and hydrogen peroxide according to prescribed procedures. Commonly used in stomatology is pressure steam sterilization ^[3] .

Dental surgery instrument storage

The sterilized items should be stored separately. Items should be relatively fixed and marked. Items used directly after disinfection should be stored in a dry and special rack.
The recommended shelf life of sterile items in dental instrument boxes is 7 days. After disinfection or sterilization of medium and low-risk oral instruments, they should be stored in clean and dry containers for a period of no more than 7 days. Sterile items packaged in medical disposable paper bags are valid for 1 month; Sterile items packaged in disposable medical crepe paper, medical non-woven fabrics, disposable paper plastic bags, and rigid containers should be valid for 6 months. Keep storage The environment is dry and the temperature is suitable.