What Are Different Types of Abdominal Infections?

Celiac infection refers to a series of infectious diseases of the abdominal cavity, mainly including infection of single abdominal organs (such as acute cholecystitis, acute appendicitis, etc.), peritonitis, and abdominal abscess. Infections and complex abdominal infections. Abdominal infections can cause hemodynamic, respiratory, microcirculation, and metabolic disorders in the body. If left untreated, they can develop into septic shock, sepsis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and even multiple organ failure.

Basic Information

Visiting department: Gastroenterology
Common causes: Bacterial infection or secondary to necrosis and perforation of cavity organs.

Common symptoms: Fever, vomiting, abdominal pain, etc.
Contagious: no

Causes of celiac infection

1. More than 90% of primary peritonitis is caused by a single bacterium. The most common pathogenic bacterium is Gram-negative bacilli, mainly bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae, such as E. coli.
2. Secondary peritonitis is mostly secondary to perforation and necrosis of cavity organs. In the upper digestive tract, the pathogenic bacteria are mainly Enterobacteriaceae, followed by non-fermentative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter, and also Gram-positive cocci such as Enterococcus; the lower digestive tract is mostly mixed Infections, including anaerobic bacteria.
3 Most of the pathogenic bacteria of type 3 peritonitis are drug-resistant bacteria.
4 Most of the pathogenic bacteria of abdominal abscess come from the diseased organs of the abdominal cavity. The pathogenic bacteria of the lower and upper abdomen are mainly enterobacteria; the pathogenic bacteria of the lower abdomen are mainly anaerobic fragile bacteria and aerobic enterobacteria.

Clinical manifestations of celiac infection

The clinical manifestations of abdominal infections vary due to the location and development of the infection. Typical clinical manifestations are fever, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, abdominal tenderness and rebound pain, abdominal muscle tension, and abdominal drainage as purulent. Abdominal infections caused by diseases in specific parts often produce unique signs: patients with diverticulitis often have left lower abdomen pain and constipation, fever and white blood cells, and sometimes palpable masses; typical symptoms of appendicitis are umbilical or upper abdominal pain, It is usually colic, and the pain is transferred to the right lower abdomen; if the perforation of the appendix forms diffuse peritonitis, there is a manifestation of peritonitis.

Celiac infection test

1. Blood routine white blood cell count and neutrophil ratio increased.
2. Laparotomy puncture fluid was positive for bacterial culture.
3 Imaging X-ray and CT can understand the location of the affected area, the related changes of adjacent organs, and even the inflammation and edema of the intestinal wall, and the effusion or gas accumulation in the upper and lower diaphragm; B ultrasound can detect abscesses, which is also convenient Bedside examination to guide puncture and drainage of abscess.

Celiac infection diagnosis

According to the clinical manifestations of peritoneal irritation and fever, the diagnosis can be made by combining the white blood cell count and the increase of neutrophil ratio, the positive bacterial culture of the puncture solution, and the results of imaging examination.

Celiac infection treatment

1. General treatment is reasonable gastrointestinal decompression, and correct water, electrolyte and acid-base imbalance.
2. Drug treatment (1) Initial selection of antibacterial drugs: The early treatment of antibacterial drugs should be started as early as possible. Drugs that can cover aerobic bacteria such as intestinal gram-negative bacilli, enterococcus, and anaerobic bacteria such as fragile bacteroides should be selected. The effective concentration of the drug should be administered by intravenous drip. For severe life-threatening celiac infections, initial antimicrobial treatment must be of sufficient intensity.
(2) Adjusting the medication: Before giving antibacterial treatment, try to retain relevant specimens as much as possible, and perform a drug sensitivity test after obtaining the pathogenic bacteria, as a basis for adjusting the medication.
(3) Acute pancreatitis: if it is chemical inflammation, antibacterial drugs are not needed; if secondary bacterial infection is needed, antibacterial drugs are needed.
(4) Abdominal abscess: it must be fully drained, and the drug should be selected according to the staining and culture results of the pus smear.
(5) Peritonitis caused by peritoneal dialysis: Vancomycin or norvancomycin is preferred, and combined with the third-generation cephalosporins, the dialysate from the abdominal cavity should be collected for bacterial culture before administration. If multiple Gram-negative cultures are obtained Bacillus should be removed from the dialysis tube.
3 Surgical treatment Those who have surgical indications should undergo surgical treatment, and specimens of lesions should be collected during the operation for bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests.