What Are Gender Roles?

Gender role, also known as gender role, refers to the different psychological characteristics or behavior patterns caused by the differences in people's gender. Men and women have different characteristics in many aspects such as posture, demeanor, tone, and behavior. In any society or nation, there is a general expectation that men and women each play different roles and play different roles. ^[1]

Most of the controversy exists as to whether the gender role is due to behavior characteristics that are usually perceived from biological sex or from early socialization. As the debate progresses, many researchers believe that both aspects have an impact on gender roles. However, the interaction between the two and how each factor works is still under intense debate.

Cognitive development theory holds that human development moves from one stage to another in a certain order, and only when a certain stage of cognitive development is reached can gender identity and appropriate role behaviors be produced.

Among human beings, in the early 20th century, gender roles in the West revolved around the concept of heterosexual behavior, and they were quite fixed. If people change gender roles, such as a woman gaining a high-powered position, it is usually rare or discriminated against. A man who enjoys sex, has a career, is difficult to express emotions, and has great social pressure. A woman using cosmetics, expecting to marry, forming a family and becoming a housewife. A feminine man is more or less similar to the female in common sense. A boy, wearing wrinkled clothes, likes a color like blue, playing with tin soldiers, participating in a competitive sports team, likes fighting, does not cry, and has short hair. A girl, wearing skirts and women's clothing, playing with dolls, likes pink-like colors, long hair, and wants makeup. A masculine girl will behave as a boy in the usual sense.

After the sexual revolution, homosexual liberation, and feminist movement in the mid-20th century (especially the 1960s), new gender roles began to emerge in Western society and became volatile. Some common gender role concepts, such as those enumerated below, are often considered "fixed prejudices." But because of the physiological differences between the sexes, sticking to traditional gender roles is still positive.

Other fixed ideas:

male

The pillars and chief figures of the family,

Men and women have typical behavioral and psychological characteristics. Gender roles come from gender identity, which is related to gender biology and socialization. Gender identity is naturally determined by gender biological factors, but socialization is also important. Some examples of children born with obscured sex organs illustrate this point. Today, the genetic sex of this child can be determined by examining the chromosome, but in the past, it was often parents or doctors who arbitrarily determined the sex of this child and performed surgery. Studies have shown that this decision will not cause psychological problems if it occurs before the age of two and a half, and it will cause serious problems if it occurs later. This shows the important role of socialization. Some examples of so-called intersex persons also demonstrate the role of social factors. Such people want to be the opposite sex of a biological sex.

Gender roles are different from gender role stereotypes. Gender roles refer to the behavioral patterns required of men and women by the expectations and social norms of others, and are activities in which men and women consciously or unconsciously express others' expectations and social norms. Gender role stereotyping refers to the abstract and simplified stereotyped view of gender roles, which is greatly influenced by tradition. It is an abstraction and simplification of reality, which may not apply to everyone. Its role is to speed up the process of understanding, but it is also prone to errors. It is based on the prevailing gender bias in society.

Both gender roles and gender role stereotypes have changed with the times, and today are very different from the past.

Gender differences are the actual differences in psychology and behavior between men and women. Studies to date have shown that there is not much difference between men and women, both in the IQ test and the EQ, ability, creativity, and problem-solving tests. There are some differences between men and women in language, computing and spatial skills. Men are slightly higher in computing and space skills, and women are slightly higher in language skills. It's about culture and the environment, and learning can reduce this difference. ^[3]

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Gender education is more important than sex education

Mistakes in family education are a major cause of gender dislocation. Nowadays most of them are only children, so it is not difficult to see the situation where boys are raised as girls and girls are raised as boys. As a result, some boys have grown up to behave like girls and are often ridiculed. It takes difficult resistance to restore "normal".

Gender role is a social role divided by gender as a criterion, which determines the behavioral pattern of an animal. For example, men's behaviors show masculinity, and women's behaviors show feminine beauty. Although gender is determined genetically, gender roles are the result of adult influence and education from childhood. The lack of children's gender education is not conducive to the healthy growth of children. As a result, it is easy to cause the child's gender role to be misplaced, and the child will be distorted and hurt the mind.

For livestock animals, the breeder is more obliged to train male individuals, thereby leaving strong individuals to breed pupae and eliminate bad individuals in a timely manner.

Develop children's gender awareness from the age of 3

Psychological research indicates that people have gender awareness around the age of 3, and after 3 years of age children gradually realize that "there is a difference between men and women" and start to think of themselves as men and women. As they grow up a little, children will gradually form a comprehensive understanding of men's and women's clothing, behaviors, and personality characteristics, and will gradually form a psychological gender. Therefore, experts remind parents that in order to avoid deviations in the child's personality development, it is best to cultivate children's gender awareness from the age of 3, such as telling children the differences between boys and girls.