What Are the Causes of Urination Problems?

Abnormal urination, also known as "abnormal urinary flow," refers to increased urination times, changes in urination patterns, and abnormal urination sensations due to urinary inflammation, obstruction, and dysuria. The main clinical manifestations are frequent urination, urgency, dysuria, urinary retention, urinary incontinence, urine leakage and enuresis.

Basic Information

nickname

Abnormal urine flow

Visiting department

Nephrology

Common causes

Central or spinal neuropathy, inflammation of the lower urinary tract or compression of tumours, trauma, strain

Common symptoms

Frequent urination, urgency, dysuria, urinary retention, urinary incontinence, leakage and enuresis, etc.

Causes of abnormal urination

1. Central or spinal neuropathy, inflammation of the lower urinary tract adjacent organs, or compression of tumors can cause abnormal urination.
2. Trauma and strain can cause damage to the spine bone joints and the surrounding soft tissues, irritating the relevant tissues and causing abnormal urination. If the trauma occurs in the cervical spine and affects the vertebral arteries, the central urination of the brain can be ischemic; if it occurs in the 12th thoracic spine to the 2nd lumbar vertebrae and the lumbar enlargement is damaged, the bladder's autonomous urination central function can be impaired; , Can affect the normal function of the cauda equina; if it occurs in the palate, it can affect the parasympathetic nerve; if it occurs in the piriformis, it can affect the genital nerve due to piriformis spasm or inflammation. These reasons can affect urination and dysuria.

Clinical manifestations of abnormal urination

Abnormal urination caused by spinal and hip soft tissue damage can occur in people of all ages, but mostly in adolescents or young adults. May have urgency, frequent urination, less urine, more urine, or difficult to control urination, or nocturnal enuresis. Urinary tract infections can occur in patients who are not cured for a long time, local pain and limited function. When the cauda equina is injured, the saddle area can also feel dull.

Abnormal urination test

Routine urine examination is generally no obvious abnormalities, routine urine examination of patients with urinary tract infection may have white blood cells, pus cells and so on. On X-ray examination, there are often no obvious abnormalities in light cases, and corresponding changes in physiological curvature of the spine and bone hyperplasia in severe cases.

Diagnosis of abnormal urination

A clear diagnosis can be made based on the etiology, clinical manifestations, and examination.

Treatment of abnormal urination

1. Urinary tract irritation sign (1) Rest: You should stay in bed during an acute attack, try to relax as much as possible, and avoid frequent urination due to tension. Instruct patients to engage in activities of interest to distract their discomfort and reduce anxiety.
(2) Drug treatment: Use antibiotics as prescribed by your doctor. Oral sodium bicarbonate can alkalinize urine and reduce urinary tract irritation. In addition, those with obvious urinary tract irritation symptoms can be treated symptomatically with anticholinergic drugs such as atropine and probucin.
(3) Pain: Instruct the patient to perform a hot compress or massage on the bladder area to relieve pain.
(4) Diet: Eat light, high-vitamin and nutritious food, and at the same time, without contraindications, drink as much water as possible and urinate frequently to achieve the purpose of continuous flushing of the urethra.
(5) Pay attention to personal hygiene: develop good hygienic habits, clean the perineum every day, combine work and rest, flush the perineum and urinate after sex. Female patients increase the number of vulvar washings during menstruation and drink more water to prevent recurrence of urinary tract infections.
2. Urinary retention relieves the cause and resumes urination. For patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatectomy can be performed; for patients who cannot tolerate prostatectomy, suprapubic cystostomy can be performed. For bladder neck obstruction, transurethral resection of the bladder neck or bladder neck plasty should be performed. For those with urethral stricture, urethral dilatation or cold knife incision under transurethral peeping is feasible. Bladder stones should be removed.
3. Urinary incontinence (1) conservative treatment: patients with mild urinary incontinence should be treated conservatively. Estrogen replacement therapy and exercise therapy can achieve satisfactory results for stress urinary incontinence. TCM acupuncture can also increase the tension of the pelvic floor muscles, thereby improving bladder function.
(2) Surgical treatment: Patients with moderate or severe urinary incontinence must be treated with surgery. Tension-free urethral suspension and bladder neck suspension are effective in treating female stress urinary incontinence.