What Are the Different Radon Symptoms?

Necrotic ulcers in the intestinal mucosa are mainly caused by radiation damage to the intestine.

Intestinal mucosa with necrotic ulcers

Necrotic ulcers in the intestinal mucosa are mainly caused by radiation damage to the intestine.

The accompanying clinical manifestations include bloody stools or mucus stools, severe acute symptoms, symptoms that can last for months or years, and intestinal mucosa with necrosis, ulcers, or moderate stenosis.

Affected area

abdomen

Related diseases

Hemangioma amoebiasis intestinal obstruction superior mesenteric artery embolism, etc.

Related symptoms

Belching, constipation, blood bowel perforation, intestinal mucosa shedding, intestinal mucosa with necrotic ulcers, etc.

Affiliated Department

General surgery

Related inspections

Gastrointestinal CT examination, blood test, immunoblotting technique, gastric emptying measurement and imaging, etc.

Intestinal epithelial cell proliferation is inhibited: intestinal mucosal epithelial cells are most sensitive to radiation. Observation of cell renewal with thorium-labeled thymidine showed that the renewal of the intestinal mucosa was accomplished by proliferation of undifferentiated cells located in the intestinal crypts. These cells lose the ability to divide after differentiation and gradually move to the surface of the intestinal mucosa. Radiation inhibits the proliferation of these cells and causes characteristic acute lesions of the intestinal mucosa. If the radiation dose is not excessive, mucosal damage can be recovered 1 to 2 weeks after stopping radiation therapy. Recent studies have found that the effect of multiple irradiations depends on the cell cycle in which the crypt cells are located. Cells in the late stage of division are most sensitive to radiation, and cells synthesized in the later stage have a strong tolerance. Because only a part of all crypt cells that proliferate at any given time are in a certain phase of the cell proliferation cycle, so a single Large doses of radiation only killed a portion of the cells, and mitosis returned to normal after a few days.

After the submucosal arterioles of the intestine: the endothelial cells of the arterioles are sensitive to radiation. Large-dose radiation therapy makes the cells swell, proliferate, and fibrous degeneration, causing occlusive endarteritis and venous endometritis, thus causing intestinal wall ischemia, mucosal erosion, and ulcers. The invasion of bacteria in the intestine further develops the lesion.

Intestinal wall tissue damage: Intestinal wall tissue causes edema after extensive and continuous irradiation. Fibroblasts proliferate in all layers of the intestinal wall, and connective tissue and smooth muscle show transparent changes. Finally, fibrosis, intestinal stenosis, mucosal surface distortion and It is understood that the intestinal changes caused by radiation can change from reversible mucosal structural changes to chronic fibrous thickening, intestinal tracts with ulcers, and even cause intestinal obstruction.

Intestinal mucosa shedding: Sometimes some intestinal mucosal tissues appear in normal stool, which is related to the normal metabolic shedding of the intestinal mucosa. Intestinal mucosa may also appear when the intestine is irritated, indigested, or diarrhea. Sometimes the application of antibiotics can increase mucosal shedding. Intestinal mucosa shedding can be seen in bacterial dysentery. The dysentery bacillus has the ability to invade colonic mucosal epithelial cells, and can destroy the cell barrier, attracting white blood cells to exudate to the site of inflammation, and then more dysentery bacillus colonizes in the mucosal epithelial cells, causing more serious lesions of the intestinal mucosa and making the colon Mucosa has ulcers, shedding, and bleeding. These shedding pus and blood are discharged together with the feces in the intestine, forming a typical diarrhea-like stool with mucus pus and blood. Radiation lesions of the rectum can be divided into four degrees, and the second clinical manifestations are stool frequency, bloody or mucus stools, and severe acuteness. Symptoms can last for months or years. Intestinal mucosa has necrosis, ulcers, or moderate stenosis.

Increased permeability of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa: It is more common in gastric cancer and colon cancer due to the necrosis of the cancerous tissue, which results in increased permeability of the corresponding gastrointestinal mucosa, and a large amount of plasma proteins are lost from the gastrointestinal tract. Digestive tract excretion tests with radionuclide-labeled macromolecular substances, or alpha; 1-antitrypsin tests can confirm the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases with protein loss.

Gastric mucosal injury: The entire inner surface of the stomach is covered with a layer of mucosal tissue, which can secrete mucus and form a mucus-mucosal barrier of the stomach to protect the gastric tissue. Gastric mucosal damage is more common in gastritis and gastric ulcers. Gastroscopy, observe the color, bleeding point, congestion and erosion degree of gastric mucosa, compare the changes before and after, and divide it into mild, moderate and severe injuries according to the degree of each lesion. Gastrointestinal ultrasonography can clearly show the structural levels of the gastric wall, and has certain diagnostic value for acute gastric mucosal injury.

Gastric mucosa shedding: The gastric mucosa is relatively loose. When the stomach contracts, the gastric mucosa near the pylorus part prolapses into the duodenal bulb, and the clinical symptom is gastritis. Irregular upper abdominal pain, often accompanied by bloating, belching, nausea and vomiting. Eating or aggravating epigastric pain may be relieved by vomiting. Lying in the right position during sleep can make the pain worse, and vice versa. Taking antacids or antacids is generally ineffective.

The clinical symptoms of radiation enteritis, generally less than 3000rad total radiation dose rarely occur. Symptoms occur when the total amount of intra-abdominal radiotherapy exceeds 4000 rad, and if it exceeds 7000 rad, the incidence rate is as high as 36%. Symptoms can appear early in the treatment, shortly after the end of the course of treatment, or months to years after the treatment.

Quitting bad habits, reducing the irritation of tobacco, alcohol, spicy, strong tea, coffee and certain drugs are of great significance for healing of ulcers and preventing recurrence.