What Are the Different Types of Articulation Disorders?

1; What causes the pronunciation disorder?

Dysphonia

1; What causes the pronunciation disorder?

The cause of the disease is still unclear. At present, there are two hypotheses. One is that it may be caused by the developmental delay of the nervous system, which causes the dysfunction of the motor part of the vocal organs. Genetics may affect this developmental delay. Because the disease often has a family tendency; the other is considered to be caused by environmental factors, because children often have articulation abnormalities when they contact the articulate person during the language learning process. Physiological and psychological causes are also causes.

2 Dysphonia 2; how should dysphoria be diagnosed?

Phenomenon of repeated words or interrupted words when speaking. The vocal organs may exhibit convulsive movements and spasms of muscles in each group. Speech is generated by the normal activities of the vocal bands of the diaphragm and the tongue, lips, and mouth cover that make up the speech. When almost all of these occur spasms and lose free movement, articulation is formed. The patient suddenly stopped breathing while speaking or when he was interested in speaking. There are also psychological barriers: fear, pessimism, negative, and apathy.

3 Dysphonia 3; What symptoms can dysphoria be confused with?

The main points of diagnosis according to the ICD-10 standard are:

A. The severity of children's dysphonia exceeds the normal variation limit of their intellectual age.

B. Nonverbal intelligence is normal.

C. Language expression and feeling skills are within the normal range.

D. Deleted vocal organs or nervous system diseases.

However, it must be distinguished from:

A. Insufficient pronunciation of normal children: Before the age of 3 to 4 years, many consonants are still inaccurate, especially some complicated consonants are incorrectly pronounced. But after 4 years of age, you can gradually learn. Some normal children still have phonations even at school age. Unlike developmental dysphonia, they can correct their errors by themselves, or they can correct their phonations soon after education. However, children with developmental dysphonia often make erroneous pronunciations and cannot spontaneously correct them.

B. Organic articulation difficulties: structural damage and defects in vocal organs such as laryngeal disorders, cleft palate, cleft lip, and congenital tongue ulcers can cause articulation and phonation errors; neurological diseases cause cerebellum, medulla, extrapyramidal The nervous system that governs the movement of the vocal organs, and the dysregulation of the vocal organs, can cause dysphonia. The abnormalities can be distinguished from developmental dysphonia through facial examinations and detailed neurological examinations.

C. Speech abnormalities caused by hearing impairment: Insufficient pronunciation can occur when there is mild hearing impairment. Because mild neurological deafness mainly damages high-frequency hearing, the inarticulation is mainly focused on high-frequency sounds, and electrical audiometry is abnormal.

D. Specific language developmental disorders.

4; What diseases may cause dysphonia?

Alzheimer's disease

Speech and language disorders in children with stuttering speech and language disorders

5 Pronunciation disorders 5; how should pronunciation disorders be prevented?

Pronunciation:

It is to be pronounced gently at the beginning of each sentence. Changing the pronunciation of the first word is often very urgent and heavy. The speed of speech must be reduced to a very slow level, at the beginning of 60-100 words a minute, and people usually speak at a speed of 200 words per minute. This has two effects. One is to slow down and calm the mind. The other is to have a sense of rhythm.

Breathing method:

Promote abdominal breathing. Because deep breathing can make the muscles get proper movement and coordination, it can relax and ease the tension of all parts of the body and facial muscles, and gradually eliminate the accompanying movements. Deep breathing can affect people's emotions, and can relax and calm the excited emotions.

Breakthrough method:

Patients are organized together or alone in crowded places to speak, sing, and gradually overcome the fear of speaking.

Morita therapy:

Morita therapy is a method for treating mental illness. The core idea is "let it be, and do what you want."

Drug treatment methods:

Take a certain amount of sedatives every day or before you need to speak to relieve tension and achieve a certain level of fluency in prophecy