What Are the Different Types of Mental Health Problems?

Mental health means that all aspects of the mind and the process of activity are in a good or normal state. The ideal state of mental health is to maintain perfect personality, normal intelligence, correct cognition, appropriate emotion, reasonable will, positive attitude, appropriate behavior, and good adaptation.

Mental health

(Normal mental state)

1. Good or bad congenital inheritance

2. Pros and cons of external stimuli

3.

1. Pay attention to marriage and birth, and avoid birth defects;

2. Optimize the actual environment and reduce adverse stimuli;

3. Strengthen psychological cultivation and improve psychological quality;

4. Receive psychological education and learn psychological adjustment;

5. Take the initiative to ask for help and relieve heart disease in time ^[2]

Standards of Mental Health

Psychologists describe the standards of mental health as the following:

Have a moderate sense of security, yes

United States

Although people's living standards are gradually improving, there is one problem that cannot be ignored, and this is the problem of health. Many people are in

Standard definition of mental health:

1. Have sufficient adaptability;

2. Be able to fully understand yourself and make appropriate evaluations of your abilities;

3. The goals of life are realistic;

Fourth, do not leave the real environment;

Fifth, can maintain the integrity and harmony of personality;

6. Good at learning from experience;

Seven, can keep good

The essence of psychological abnormality is the cause, mechanism and psychological structure of abnormal psychology. Psychological abnormalities are disorders or distortions of the structure or dysfunction of the brain or people's reflection of objective reality. They reflect not only the abnormality of individual self-concepts and certain abilities, but also the obstacles to social interpersonal relationships and personal life.

But it is not easy to distinguish between normal and abnormal psychology.

The most commonly used distinguishing standards are as follows:

Health psychology mainly studies the following three aspects:

1. Psychological problems in the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of physical diseases;

2. Psychological problems in defending against stress and treating reactive psychological disorders;

3 Develop and establish psychological issues in a healthy lifestyle.

Healthy people need a healthy heart ^[3]

1. Intellectual standards. Normal intelligence is the most basic mental health condition for a person's normal life. A good level of intelligence is the psychological foundation for all people in society to succeed in their studies and careers. Expressed by IQ value. IQ 90 is normal, upper cap is not capped, and <70 is mental retardation. People with abnormal intelligence cannot be mentally healthy, but IQ cannot explain one's achievements, and high IQ cannot guarantee mental health. Therefore, people with a high IQ should not be gloated.

2. Emotional standards. Emotion refers to a subjective experience produced by people as to whether objective things meet their needs. Emotional stability, but also a good mood is the sign of emotional health, and emotional changes should be caused by appropriate reasons, but also appropriate to the degree of emotional response.

3. Will standard: refers to the mental process of consciously determining activity goals, dominating one's actions, and overcoming difficulties to achieve predetermined goals. Will is the ladder to successfully do anything. If things are too indecisive, lingering, thinking before or after, or regardless of the consequences, haste, it is a sign of unhealthy will.

4 Social Adaptation Standards: Better social adaptability mainly includes ability to adapt to the natural environment better; can establish positive and harmonious interpersonal relationships, and can adapt to the surrounding interpersonal relationships. Interpersonal relationships both cure and cause illness, so harmonious interpersonal relationships are

Some experts predict that mental illness in the 21st century will seriously endanger the physical and mental health of young people. The World Health Organization surveys in many countries prove that in the world s population, about one-third of people at all times have this or that

Primary and secondary school mental health education is an educational activity based on the physical and psychological development characteristics of elementary and middle school students, using relevant psychological education methods and means to cultivate students 'good psychological quality, promoting the comprehensive and harmonious development of students' physical and mental development, and comprehensively improving their quality. In part, it is an important link to implement the cross-century quality education project and cultivate high-quality talents across the century.

The goal of mental health education is to enable students to continue to correctly understand themselves, enhance self-regulation, withstand setbacks, and adapt to the environment, cultivate students' sound personality and good personality and psychological qualities, and give science to a few students with psychological behavior problems and psychological barriers. The psychological counseling and counseling is to enable them to get rid of obstacles as soon as possible, regulate themselves, form healthy psychological qualities, and improve their mental health.

In the article "Reward for Needs Struggle and Mental Illness", from the perspectives of biology, psychology, and philosophy, Shi Xiaobo scientifically discussed the reasons for the shift from normal to abnormal psychology, as follows:

Psychology is the function of the human brain. The human brain is the product of long-term conflicts between life and the environment. The conflicts and conflicts in the process of human evolution and development have formed "demand-struggle-reward", a human-specific mental and behavioral law; as Individual people, all their struggle activities and corresponding emotions to meet the needs are generated under the command, control and feeling of the brain, and all follow the law of demand struggle reward.

1. Demand struggle reward

The law of reward for demand struggle refers to people with different realistic conditions who fight differently for different needs, which will produce different emotional effects. In the long run, different types of relatively stable demand struggle methods and mental and emotional states will be formed, which will affect The human body and mind and life.

"Demand-struggle-reward" is the premise and basis for the normal survival and development of human beings. Without demand, struggle, and rewards, humans will not evolve and develop. In the same way, if human beings evolved to the present day, if they lose the direction of struggle, lose the motivation for demand and the enthusiasm of struggle, and are unwilling to fight again; It is necessary to produce negative emotions and even develop mental illness.

2. Demand struggle reward and human mental illness

Dominated needs, struggles with motivation and interest, progress and rewards (normal state)

No dominant needs, unmotivated, uninteresting struggle (depression)

There is no dominant demand, not that there is no need. It is just that after the basic needs are met, the patient does not have a higher level of leading demand goals that can raise the interest and enthusiasm of the struggle, and loses the direction of the struggle; although the patient may also have the mentality of having to fight And environmental pressures, but it is not aware of the practical significance of the solution to the society or the individual, can not produce the motivation, interest and enthusiasm of the struggle, can not always lift the spirit, lack of initiative and enthusiasm for struggle. Without the dominant needs, they have been engaged in an unmotivated and uninterested struggle for a long time. Even if there is sometimes progress or results, the patients do not have the need to desire progress or results, so they cannot experience the due pleasure rewards that they deserve. There is no virtuous circle of "demand-struggle-reward". This kind of negative and numb struggle mode also violates the law of reward for demand struggle. Therefore, this struggle without leading demand and motivation is not really a struggle in the true sense.

3 Striving for the elimination of unfavorable cognitive sensations in the body and mind as the leading need, and a struggle without progress and rewards (neuropathy: including general neurosis, obsessive-compulsive neurosis, and anxiety neurosis)

Patients with neurosis have a dominant need to eliminate subjectively enlarged mental and physical cognition, deviate from the direction of normal people's needs, choose the wrong object, and fight without progress and reward. Under certain conditions, anyone can develop symptoms of neurosis. If I speak in front of everyone for the first time, I will feel nervous; after hard work, my academic performance is still not satisfactory, I will feel inferior; after I heard that someone has a gas poisoning incident, I always feel that my gas valve is not closed properly, and I ca nt rest assured without checking repeatedly Wait. For most people, this feeling of tension and restlessness is a normal, necessary psychological and physical phenomenon in life, and it will disappear after the incident. However, for some people with special personalities, they will subjectively treat those normal reactions and feelings as adverse, which will threaten the growth and development of the individual. Therefore, I always want to desperately eliminate them, otherwise I will feel uneasy. There will be a sense of crisis; and this kind of helpless, progress-free reward struggle can only further generate anxiety and inferiority, make people pay more attention to discomfort, allergies, and thus form a spiritual interaction and fall into a vicious circle (evil wisdom), so that This feeling of anxiety is morbidly fixed, which affects his normal life and forms neurosis. As a result, the efforts of neuroticians have resulted in the constant creation of neurotic symptoms and their persistence.

4 Although there is a dominant demand, but to evade struggle, the reward is naturally impossible to talk about (hysteria)

When faced with a so-called crisis or stress,

In order to implement the "Outline of the Implementation of Citizen Moral Construction" and "Decision of the State Council on the Reform and Development of Basic Education" and "Opinions of the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Strengthening and Improving Moral Education in Primary and Secondary Schools to Adapt to the New Situation"

Let us look at the definition of mental health by scholars in history:

For example, Maslow believes that people who are mentally healthy must have the following qualities: (1) an efficient perception of reality; (2) a spontaneous, not vulgar thought; (3) being able to accept themselves and others. (4) can maintain independence in the environment and appreciate the tranquility. (5) Pay attention to the theories of philosophy and morals; (6) Maintain interest in common things and even daily routine work; (7) Establish deep feelings with a few people and have a spirit of helping others; (8) ) Have a democratic attitude, creative ideas and a sense of humor; (9) Can withstand joy and injury. In 1946, the third International

Physiological aspects of mental health

1. Implement a eugenic policy to avoid congenital harmful physiological effects and ensure a good delivery process;

2. Ensure childhood nutrition to eliminate physical and psychological tension and stress;

3. Provide immunity and other medical measures to prevent infections;

4. Strengthen physical exercise and physical fitness.

Mental health

1. Give full motherhood and care during infancy, provide a nurturing atmosphere of friendship, warmth and encouragement;

2. Conduct necessary social behavior training to develop children's activity ability and exploration spirit;

3.Provide scientific family, school and society education and training;

4. Give adequate psychological support and help to stress;

5.Cultivate optimistic, positive, humorous and love emotions; good at controlling and regulating bad emotions;

6. Develop the ability of interpersonal relationships and improve the ability to adapt to various turning periods in life;

7. Establish a positive and healthy philosophy of life.

Social aspects of mental health

1.Reduce social pressure;

2.Good social living environment and sound living facilities;

3. Effectively control addiction, smoking addiction and drug dependence, and prevent sexually transmitted diseases;

4. Improve health care institutions to form a community mental health network.

Mental health values students

Main manifestations of psychological behavior problems of primary and middle school students

1. Mental health problems manifest in interpersonal relationships

(1). Teacher-student relationship issues;

(2). Parent-child relationship issues;

(3). Peer or peer relationship issues;

(4). Question of the opposite sex;

(5). Problems of interpersonal communication.

2. Mental health problems manifest in learning

(1). Learning stress

(2) the problem of being tired of learning;

(3). Learning difficulties

(4). Learning Disabilities.

3 Mental health problems manifest in "self"

(1). Self-evaluation issues;

(2). Self-experience issues;

(3). Self-control problem.

Factors Affecting Mental Health of Primary and Middle School Students

1. External social factors

(1) Social factors;

(2). School factor

(3). Family Factors;

(4). Mass media factors;

(5). Network factors.

2. Internal factors of students

Standards of mental health for elementary and middle school students

1. Mental health in learning

(1) reflected as the subject of learning;

(2). Gain satisfaction from learning;

(3). Promote body and brain development through learning;

(4). Keep in touch with the real world in your studies;

(5). Eliminate unnecessary fears in your studies;

(6). Form good study habits.

2. Mental health in interpersonal relationships

(1). Be able to understand each other's rights and obligations;

(2). Can objectively understand others;

(3). Concerned about the requirements of others;

(4). Sincere praise and good faith criticism;

(5). Actively communicate

(6). Maintain the integrity of your personality.

3. Mental health in self

(1) Good at evaluating self correctly;

(2). Know yourself through others;

(3). Timely and correct attribution can achieve self-awareness;

(4). Expand one's own life experience;

(5). Establish the level of ambition based on your actual situation;

(6). With self-control. ^[6]

Crying properly

Crying is a kind of instinctual emotion of human beings, and it is also one of the four basic emotions of joy, anger, sadness, and fear. From a psychological perspective, human emotions are stimulated by the outside world and act on the heart. When these emotions accumulate to a certain degree , Must present a natural expression of emotion.

American psychologist William Frye has studied tearing behavior from the perspective of physiological psychology. Over a five-year period, he studied thousands of tearing subjects, and the results showed that in a month, men rarely shed more than 7 times and women more than 30 times. According to the motive of tears, he divided tears into reflective tears (such as being stimulated by onions) and emotional tears. Emotional tears are the usual crying. For example, we often see new people crying at wedding scenes, crying when arguing with others, and crying at funerals.

In terms of mental health, if a person does not cry, then he has an emotional disorder and needs treatment. And physiologically, the secretion of tears will promote the normal metabolism of cells and prevent them from forming tumors.

Psychologists believe that crying is good. People who cry are not necessarily vulnerable. Those who shed tears when reading a book or a movie are much more determined at critical moments than those who "tear without tears." People who cry do not mean that he is unhappy, but people who do not cry are actually unfortunate people.