What Are the Most Common Causes of Hip and Knee Pain?

Hip arthritis usually refers to a type of osteoarthritis disease caused by joint cartilage degeneration or osseous structure change caused by long-term unbalanced weight bearing on the hip articular surface. It is mainly manifested as pain in the lateral buttocks and groin (radiated to the knee), swelling, joint effusion, cartilage wear, bone spur hyperplasia, joint deformation, limited hip rotation and straightening, unable to walk or even bedridden Wait.

Basic Information

English name: coxitis
Visiting department: orthopedics
Common locations: hip joint
Common causes: Obesity, cartilage structure, trauma and stress tolerance, genetic factors

Common symptoms: Pain, swelling, joint effusion, cartilage wear, spur hyperplasia, joint deformation, restricted mobility
Contagious: no

Causes of hip arthritis

The etiology is unknown and is generally believed to be related to factors such as aging, trauma, inflammation, obesity, metabolism and metabolism.

Obesity

Weight gain is directly proportional to the onset of hip arthritis. Obesity is a contributing factor. Weight loss in obese people can reduce the incidence of hip arthritis.

Cartilage structure

As the cartilage becomes thinner and stiffer, its tolerance to stress decreases, so the chance of hip arthritis increases.

3. Bearing of trauma and external force

When the joint suffers from imbalance of muscle strength and local pressure is added, degeneration of cartilage occurs. Osteoarthritis does not occur during normal joints and activities, even after strenuous exercise.

4. Genetic factors

The effects of genetic factors on osteoarthritis may include congenital structural abnormalities and defects (such as congenital hip dislocation, femoral skull dislocation, etc.), metabolic obesity of cartilage or bone, and osteoporosis.

Clinical manifestations of hip arthritis

The onset of this disease is insidious, the onset is slow, and there is a long history of strain. It is more common in elderly patients. The main symptoms are abnormal gait and hip pain during exercise or weight-bearing. Hip pain can radiate through the obturator nerve to the groin, thighs, and knee joints. There may also be a soreness around the buttocks and the greater trochanter of the femur, which radiates to the posterolateral side of the thigh.

Hip Arthritis Examination

1. Repeated hip pain in the past 1 month.

2. X-ray film shows osteophyte formation, hyperplasia of acetabular margin, and narrowing of hip joint space.

Hip Arthritis Treatment

General treatment

Including patients' health education, self-training, weight loss, aerobics, joint mobility training, strength training, use of walking aids, knee wedge insoles, occupational therapy and joint protection, auxiliary facilities for daily life, etc. Wait.

2. Drug treatment

(1) Sodium hyaluronate is the main component of synovial synovial fluid and one of the components of cartilage matrix. It plays a lubricating role in the joints and reduces friction between tissues. Injection into the joint cavity can significantly improve inflammation of synovial tissue. Response, enhance the viscosity and lubricating function of synovial fluid, protect articular cartilage, relieve pain, increase joint mobility. Often injected intra-articularly, 25 mg once, once a week for 5 consecutive weeks. Strict aseptic operation is required.

(2) Glucosamine is the most important monosaccharide of amino glycans and proteoglycans in the articular cartilage matrix. Normal people can synthesize amino glycans through the amination of glucose, but the amino polysaccharides in cartilage cells of osteoarthritis patients. Obstructed or insufficient sugar synthesis, resulting in softening of the cartilage matrix and loss of elasticity, destruction of the collagen fibrous structure, and increased cartilage surface cavities will cause bone wear and damage. Glucosamine sulfate can block the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, promote chondrocytes to synthesize proteoglycan with normal structure, and inhibit the production of enzymes (such as collagenase and phospholipase A2) that damage tissues and cartilage, and reduce the damage of chondrocytes. Improve joint activity, relieve joint pain, and delay the course of osteoarthritis. Glucosamine sulfate can also supplement the body with the sulfate necessary for the synthesis of amino glycans. The daily oral dose of glucosamine sulfate is 1500mg, which is best for meals.

(3) Non-steroidal analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs can inhibit the synthesis of cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin, fight the inflammatory response, and relieve joint edema and pain. Can choose ibuprofen, or glucosamine, nimesulide.

3. Surgical treatment

Symptoms of hip arthritis are very serious, drug treatment is ineffective, and it affects patients' daily life, so surgical intervention should be considered. However, due to certain short-term and long-term complications of joint replacement surgery, such as looseness and wear of components, and osteolysis, these complications cannot be completely resolved at present. Because the effect of artificial joint replacement is closely related to the length of the operation time, the doctor's experience, the patient's physical condition before surgery, perioperative management and rehabilitation training and other factors. Therefore, the implementation of artificial joint replacement surgery requires caution.

Hip arthritis prognosis

Get more sun, pay attention to cold and humidity, keep warm, so that the hip joints get a good rest. After the pain is relieved, walk slowly and flatly every day for 20-30 minutes. Minimize the movement of the joints, such as up and down steps, bending down, running, etc., to avoid and reduce the wear of joint cartilage.