What Are the Most Common Causes of Skin Lesions?

Abrasions are scratches on the skin surface that are scratched by rough objects. The most common are skin rubs on the palms, elbows, knees, and calves. Click here to add a picture to describe the injury. After the abrasion, the epidermis was damaged, the wound surface was pale, and there were many small bleeding points and exudation of interstitial fluid. Because the dermis is rich in nerve endings, it is often very painful after injury, but the epidermal cells have a strong ability to regenerate. If the wound is not infected, it will heal quickly without leaving scars.

Skin abrasions

Treatment of skin abrasions and wounds

1. Debridement Because the scratched surface is often stained with some dirt and other dirt, cleaning the wound is a key step in preventing wound infection. You can use fresh saline water (add 9 g of common salt in 1000 ml of cold water, with a concentration of about 0.9%). You can also use tap water and well water to wash it with a clean cotton ball while washing, and remove dirt and other dirt.

2. Disinfect those who can sterilize with iodine and alcohol cotton balls around the wound, wipe outward along the edge of the wound. Be careful not to apply iodine and alcohol to the wound, otherwise it will cause strong irritation and pain. Can also be used 20% by leaf decoction instead of iodine, alcohol to disinfect the skin.

3. Apply a little red medicine (red mercury) on the wound. This medicine has antiseptic effect and less irritation. However, it should not be used together with iodine tincture, because both can generate mercury iodide, which has a corrosive effect on the skin; those who are allergic to mercury should not use it. Purple wounds (gentian violet) should not be applied to fresh wounds. Although this medicine has a strong bactericidal effect, it has a strong astringent effect. After application, the wounds are prone to form hard palate, and the exudate of the subcutaneous tissue is susceptible to infection.

4. Bandaging Bandage the wound with a sterile gauze or a clean cloth (you can iron it a few times with an iron). Small wounds may not be bandaged, but you must keep the wound clean and dry, and avoid water as much as possible before the wound is crusted.

5. Treatment of infected wounds If the wounds become infected, the wounds can be washed with fresh saline and then coated with purple potion; or the ground purple dicamba can be ground and sterilized by adding equal amounts of glycerin and twice the water to make a paste. Apply to the affected area and change the dressing once a day or every other day. Early application of purulent inflammation to skin and superficial soft tissues can be effective if applied several times. You can also use garlic to smash to take the juice, take 1 part of garlic juice, add 3 to 4 parts of cold water, rinse the purulent wounds; if necessary, dilute the garlic juice twice and apply it wet, but garlic has a certain irritation to the skin.

6. Children accidentally fall when running and cause local skin abrasions. Such abrasions are shallow wounds. Generally, you don't need to go to the hospital, just apply some red or purple potions on the wounds. If the wound surface is dirty, rinse it with water. Otherwise, after the wound is healed, dirty things may not remain in the skin. Special attention should be paid to facial abrasions, so as not to affect the appearance of the child. Scratched wounds do not need to be bandaged, but care must be taken to avoid water and dust and other dirt to prevent wound infection. For facial abrasions, when sand or cinder is embedded in the skin, wash the wound with a soft brush in time. No dregs can be left in the skin. Generally, do not apply purple potion. If the abrasion surface is large, apply oil gauze to the wound after cleansing and disinfecting the wound, and then bandage it.

7. The first night of the injury, I took a bath before disinfecting with iodophors. The next day, I have not touched the water, and I still use iodophors for disinfection.

Skin abrasion precautions

Use a band-aid with caution for skin abrasions

Many people are accustomed to sticking a band-aid after rubbing their skin, but abraded wounds are not suitable for band-aids. Instead, they should use purple potion to reduce inflammation and expose the wound to the air for healing. This is because the wounds that scratch the skin are larger than ordinary wounds. In addition, ordinary band-aids have poor water absorption and breathability, which is not conducive to the drainage of wound secretions and pus, but it is conducive to the growth and reproduction of bacteria. The wound becomes inflamed and can even cause ulcers.

Skin abrasion treatments for different types of scars

Superficial scars

More common in abrasions. Formed for skin damage and infection. This scar is slightly rough in appearance, sometimes with pigmentation or loss of pigment, but it is locally soft and has no dysfunction, and it is generally not treated specially. It is clinically common in skin abrasions, superficial skin infections, and superficial second-degree burns.

Skin abrasions and atrophic scars

The appearance is more flat. Level or slightly lower than normal skin. The surface of the atrophic scar is smooth and shiny. The hypopigmentation is white, and a few pigmented areas are dark brown. Generally does not cause dysfunction. The face can be divided into sections or scar removal, local flap transfer to improve the appearance. Such as scar removal skin grafting, because the skin color changes in the long-term after skin survival, it is difficult to predict whether to achieve the intended purpose of surgery, it should be used with caution.

Skin abrasion, dent, scar

The surface of the scar is significantly lower than the surrounding normal skin. Mostly caused by wound healing of skin, subcutaneous tissue, or deep tissue defects. It can also be caused by a wide range of tissue defects caused by severe purulent infections of the skin and soft tissues.

Treatment of sunken scars: If the area is small, it can be treated with local tissue filling. If it is a large and deep depression, the wound can not be directly sutured when the scar is removed. Flap or myocutaneous flap surgery is required, while deep tissues such as tendons, nerves, and bones are repaired to restore function and improve appearance.

Hypertrophic scar

Proliferative scars often occur in wounds that are as deep as the dermis. The pathological difference between hypertrophic scars and normal scars lies only in the thickening of collagen fibers in the deep part of the scar, irregular arrangement, or wave shape, or twining into a rope. The anabolic metabolism of collagen continues to continue abnormally, exceeding the rate of catabolism, and a large amount of collagen fibers are formed within a considerable period of time. The common cause is related to the presence of some local or systemic evoked sleepers. Local factors: foreign bodies, inflammation, talcum powder on gloves during dressing changes, cotton fibers, knots, and certain chemicals. In addition, the cutin that is isolated after cell destruction is also a local factor that stimulates scar hyperplasia. Systemic factors: such as pregnant women and patients with hyperthyroidism are prone to proliferative scars, while proliferative scars are rarely seen in the elderly.

Keloids

Keloids are scars characterized by persistent enlargement. Crab foot swollen is often seen because it often infiltrates healthy skin around and looks like crab feet. -Generally divided into two types: 1 tumor type; 2. Infiltrating. Its etiology is related to systemic factors, specific physical fitness, minor injuries, mosquito bites, vaccination, piercing the ears, etc. can form keloids. Local factors, such as foreign bodies, inflammation, and local traction, can easily induce hyperplasia.

Skin abrasions with webbed scars

It is shaped like a webbed duck, so it is called a webbed scar. Common in the inner and outer corners, nasolabial sulcus, mouth angle, finger palm, tiger mouth, nostril, urethral opening, vaginal opening, perineum and other parts. Webbed scars at the joints cause flexion and contracture of the joints, which are mostly restricted by straightening, affecting morphology and function.

Webbed scars are best treated with "Z" angioplasty.

Bridging scars on skin

The two ends of the scar are connected to the surrounding skin by pedicles, and are shaped like bridges.

Skin abrasion, contracture, scar

It is related to myofibroblasts. The proportion of myofibroblasts in the scar increased and contracted, leading to clinical symptoms.

Timing of surgery: Generally not too early. The scar should be stabilized, enter the mature stage, and proceed after the basement is loose. Release contracture is the key to successful surgical treatment.