What Are the Most Common Wound Infection Symptoms?

(10 ~ 15mg / kg daily), the course of treatment is 3 ~ 6 months.

Wound foreign body infection

Some cases of severe skin (especially foot) and eye penetrating injuries, as well as contaminated materials (pig heart valves, breast implants, bone waxes) can occasionally be infected with the Mycobacterium complex. Treatment is usually extensive debridement and removal of foreign bodies.

Introduction to wound foreign body infection

(10 ~ 15mg / kg daily), the course of treatment is 3 ~ 6 months.

Diffuse disease Diffuse disease caused by the Mycobacterium avium complex is common in patients with advanced AIDS and occasionally in other immunosuppressive states, including organ transplantation and hairy cell leukemia. In AIDS, this disease is usually a This type of late manifestation can be accompanied by other opportunistic infections. This disease is different from TB in AIDS, which often occurs early in AIDS or has been clearly diagnosed when the CD4 count is> 200 / l.

The symptoms of diffuse disease caused by the Mycobacterium avium complex are fever, anemia, thrombocytopenia, diarrhea, and abdominal pain, which are similar in characteristics to Whipple's disease. Cultures of blood, bone marrow, or small bowel biopsy specimens confirm the diagnosis. Feces and respiratory tract Bacteria can also be found in the specimen, but these can only indicate the growth of bacteria and cannot represent a real disease. The combination of anti-mycobacterial drugs can reduce bacteremia and temporarily improve symptoms, but there is no truly successful treatment plan with extremely prognosis. difference.

Wound foreign body infection purulent infection

Trauma causes various types of wounds, such as lacerations, cuts, stab wounds, blind tube injuries, penetrating injuries, etc., which will cause different types of infections. The degree of infection is closely related to the size, depth, and degree of pollution of the wound. . Mildly infected wounds show only local symptoms of redness, swelling, heat, and pain. In severe infections, in addition to the obvious local symptoms of the wound, there may also be symptoms of systemic poisoning such as high fever and coma.

Post-traumatic infections can occur in soft tissues, but also in the lungs, urinary system, and bones. They can be non-specific purulent bacterial infections, and can also form specific bacterial infections, such as tetanus and gas gangrene.

Post-traumatic suppurative infection is a more common condition in wound infections. Among them, wounds are most commonly caused by infections of soft tissues and bones and joints; secondly, complications such as decubitus pneumonia, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections are caused by long bed trauma. Infection affects the repair of tissues, wound healing and bone connection, and even threatens patients' lives. It should be treated promptly and actively prevented.

Septic infections include sepsis, sepsis, and toxemia, and septic shock can occur, and they are the biggest cause of death.

Septic patients have bacteria in their blood circulation and rapidly multiply and grow. The onset is rapid. After a sudden chill, the body temperature rises rapidly, reaching 40 to 41 ° C, and bleeding points appear on the skin or subcutaneously. The patient's expression is indifferent, and in severe cases, the patient is confused, irritable, and even comatose. Late body temperature is usually lower than normal, white blood cells are reduced, and septic shock occurs quickly. The abscess in patients with the developed sepsis is transferred to various organs, and the abscess symptoms of the corresponding organs may appear. Toxemia is a phenomenon of systemic poisoning, with a history of severe injuries and infections. Its symptoms vary with the infection, but they are characterized by high fever, which can be unconscious or unconscious in severe cases. ^[1]

Consequences of wound foreign body infection

Tetanus is an acute specific infection caused by tetanus bacillus invading into the wound and multiplying and secreting toxins. It mainly manifests as continuous contraction of the whole or local muscle and paroxysmal spasm. Tetanus is a Gram-positive anaerobic bacillus that is widely found in soil and feces and has a strong resistance to the environment. It can contaminate deep tissues during trauma. If the wound is deep and there is necrotic tissue, ischemia and hypoxia, an environment suitable for bacterial growth and reproduction is formed.

All bacteria that cause wound infections invade tissues and cause local changes and systemic poisoning. However, tetanus is different from other pathogenic bacteria. No matter the bacteria or the exotoxin produced by it, there is no obvious pathological change in the wound. It is caused by the secretion and spread of toxins throughout the body. Strong force, has a special affinity for nerves, after absorption, distributed in the spinal cord, brain stem and other places, easily endangered.

Wound foreign body infection treatment

The occurrence and development of tetanus is relatively rapid, and it must be treated in time. Patients should be isolated in a quiet and low-light ward, try to avoid external stimuli such as light, wind, sound, and vibration, and pay attention to mouth cleaning and prevent bedsores and other complications. If the wound has pus or poor drainage, expand the wound, remove necrotic tissue and foreign bodies, and rinse and wet the wound with 3% hydrogen peroxide or 1: 5000 potassium permanganate solution. If the tetanus antitoxin test is negative, tetanus antitoxic serum can be injected to neutralize the toxin.

Wound foreign body infection prevention

Tetanus is preventable. Autoimmune therapy is injected 3 times, the first subcutaneous injection, with an interval of 6 to 8 weeks, and then the second injection, to obtain the basic immunity; the third injection after half a year to one year, can obtain more stable immunity ; Increase the injection every 5 years thereafter. For those who did not receive autoimmunity before the injury, subcutaneous injection of tetanus antiviral serum should be performed as soon as possible. Because of its short duration of action and a validity period of about 10 days, it can be injected once a week for injured patients with deep trauma and serious pollution. However, tetanus antiviral serum is a horse serum preparation, which must be routinely tested for allergy before use. If it is positive, it should be injected according to desensitization therapy.

Gas gangrene is Clostridium spp., Which is an acute specific soft tissue infection caused by bacteria. It is more common in severe open tissue damage. It usually occurs after severe trauma to the muscle-rich parts of the lower limbs and buttocks. The incubation period is generally 1 to 4 days. Short as 6 hours. The severe pain in the local wound could not be relieved. The edema around the wound was pale and shiny at first, then turned dark purple, and finally turned gray-black, with dark red liquid blister. The wound could have serous or serous blood with malodor. liquid. Patients present with fever, thirst, irritability, general malaise in the first and middle stages; extreme weakness in the later stage, indifferent expression or irritability, high fever, cold sweat, pulse rate, shortness of breath, delirium, and even coma may occur in the future. Jaundice and marked anemia can occur, blood pressure drops, and severe cases can occur with septic shock.

Once diagnosed, discolored muscles and foreign bodies should be removed immediately until healthy color and healthy tissue with bleeding. If the muscles in the entire fascial cavity of the limb are severely damaged, with comminuted fractures and large blood vessel damage, arterial pulsation has disappeared, and severe toxemia should be considered for high amputation. Patients should also be strictly isolated to prevent cross infection.

Wound foreign body infection Correct and timely treatment of infected wounds

Treatment of infected wounds requires systemic treatment based on the degree of wound infection and systemic reactions; on the other hand, the wound is cleaned and changed to fully remove foreign bodies and necrotic tissue in the wound, exclude pus, prevent inflammation from spreading, and make granulation Tissues grow smoothly to fight for healing or to prepare for future sutures and skin grafts. Although the wound has been infected, the dressing change generally requires routine aseptic operation, and the deeper and deeper wound should be treated in the hospital.