What Are the Side Effects of Nicotine Gum?

Nicotine chewing gum, the indication is that this product is a non-prescription drug for smoking cessation drugs. The symptoms of discomfort caused by nicotine withdrawal usually occur when you quit smoking, and nicotine chewing gum helps smokers focus on quitting smoking habits by alleviating these symptoms.

Drug Name: Nicotine gum

Drug type: prescription

Nicotine chewing gum ingredients

Each tablet contains 20.0 mg of nicotine resinate, which is equivalent to 4.0 mg of nicotine. Excipients are: chewing gum base, xylitol, peppermint oil, menthol, sodium carbonate, quinoline yellow (E104), magnesium oxide, talc.

Nicotine chewing gum properties

This product is a slightly brownish yellow gelatinous chewable tablet with mint flavor.

Nicotine chewing gum indications

This product is an over-the-counter drug. The symptoms of discomfort caused by nicotine withdrawal usually occur when you quit smoking, and nicotine chewing gum helps smokers focus on quitting smoking habits by alleviating these symptoms.

Nicotine chewing gum dosage

The choice of adult dosage should be based on the dependence of smokers on tobacco. Smokers with heavy dependence and those who fail to use 2 mg nicotine chewing gum should choose 4 mg nicotine chewing gum; others should choose 2 mg nicotine chewing gum. Most smokers need to use 8-12 tablets of chewing gum per day. The maximum daily dose does not exceed 24 tablets of chewing gum.
The length of treatment varies from person to person. Clinical experience shows that a treatment takes at least 3 months, and then the amount of chewing gum is gradually reduced. When only 1-2 tablets of nicotine chewing gum are needed per day, the treatment can be ended. It is not recommended to use nicotine chewing gum for more than 1 year.
Chewing tips : To prevent nicotine withdrawal symptoms, or if you want to smoke, use 1 tablet of chewing gum. Chew slowly at the beginning, and all nicotine will be released from the chewing gum after 30 minutes. When chewing, nicotine enters the body directly through the oral mucosa, and the nicotine swallowed is broken down in the stomach and loses its effect, which can cause discomfort, so do not chew strongly. If you carefully follow the instructions below within 1-2 days of starting treatment, you will be used to chewing at the correct frequency. It will provide the best nicotine intake and avoid side effects caused by chewing too quickly. It may take several days Time to adapt to the taste of the chewing gum, but it must be adhered to.
Put 1 piece of chewing gum in your mouth and chew slowly, with a few seconds between each chew.
After chewing ten times, stop for 1-2 minutes. At this time, you can place the chewing gum near the lips or cheeks.
Then chew and rest for another ten times.
Do this for 30 minutes, then spit out the chewing gum.
After adapting to the taste of chewing gum, you can increase the frequency of chewing according to the amount of individual needs.
If no other suitable container is available, place the used chewing gum in the blister of the packaging sheet.

Nicotine chewing gum adverse reactions

Most of the adverse reactions reported by users occurred in the first few weeks after the start of treatment. Adverse reactions are caused by incorrect chewing techniques or local or systemic pharmacological effects of dose-related nicotine. Note: Some of the reported symptoms associated with the use of nicotine chewing gum may be withdrawal symptoms caused by low nicotine blood levels, such as irritation, sleep disturbances, and dizziness. Mouth ulcers have been reported during smoking cessation, but it is unclear whether it is related to the use of this product.
Common (incidence rate 1 / 100):
Central nervous system: dizziness, headache.
Gastrointestinal tract: nausea, gastrointestinal upset, snoring, jaw muscle pain, mouth or throat pain.
Others: Dependence on nicotine after quitting smoking. Chewing gums can stick and damage dentures in rare cases.
Occasionally (incidence rate 1 / 100-1 / 1000):
Cardiovascular: rapid or irregular heartbeat.
Skin: erythema, rubella.
Rare (incidence rate 1 / 1000):
Cardiovascular: Reversible AF.

Nicotine chewing gum taboo

Patients with recent myocardial infarction, unstable or severe angina, severe arrhythmia, acute stroke, esophagitis, and temporomandibular joint disease; those who are allergic to this product are prohibited. Breastfeeding women are prohibited.

Nicotine chewing gum precautions

Nicotine chewing gum produces less satisfaction than cigarettes, so once smoking habits are overcome, it is usually not difficult to stop nicotine chewing gum.
The will of the quitter determines whether he or she quits successfully, but the use of nicotine chewing gum for treatment is very helpful. Minors, pregnant women, and the elderly under the age of 18 should be used with caution.
Patients wearing dentures may have difficulty chewing nicotine chewing gum, which will adhere and, in rare cases, damage the dentures.
Nicotine chewing gum should be used with caution in patients with severe heart disease (such as peripheral arterial occlusive disease, cerebrovascular disease, stable angina pectoris and decompensated heart failure), vasospasm, uncontrolled hypertension, severe / moderate liver damage, Severe kidney injury, active duodenal and gastric ulcers. The advantages and disadvantages of using nicotine replacement therapy and continuing smoking should be weighed.
Whether smoking or nicotine in replacement therapy causes the adrenal medulla to release catecholamines. Therefore, nicotine chewing gum should be used with caution in patients with hyperthyroidism and pheochromocytoma.
People with diabetes may need lower insulin doses after quitting smoking.
The total nicotine clearance in healthy smokers was slightly reduced, but no dose adjustment was required.
Nicotine dependence may shift, but pure nicotine is less harmful than tobacco.
Allergies should be used with caution.

Nicotine chewing gum for pregnant and lactating women

Banned for pregnant and lactating women.

Nicotine chewing gum for children

Disabled for children and adolescents under 18 years of age.

Nicotine chewing gum medication for elderly patients

Use with caution in elderly patients.

Nicotine chewing gum drug interactions

1. Smoking (not nicotine) can increase CYP1A2 enzyme activity. After quitting smoking, the clearance of CYP1A2 enzyme can be reduced. This can cause elevated plasma concentrations of certain drugs with smaller therapeutic windows, such as theophylline, taclaline, and chlorine-nitrogen. 2. Although there is insufficient data and its clinical significance is not clear, the plasma concentrations of other drugs metabolized by CYP1A2 enzymes such as imipramine, olanzapine, clomipramine, and fluvoxamine will also increase after quitting smoking. 3 Limited data indicate that smoking induces metabolism of flukanib and pentazocine. 4 Drug interactions may occur if used concurrently with other drugs, please consult your physician or pharmacist for details.

Nicotine chewing gum pharmacology and toxicology

Sudden discontinuation of tobacco products after long-term use can lead to withdrawal syndrome, which includes 4 or more of the following symptoms: irritability or depression, insomnia, agitation, frustration or anger, anxiety, lack of concentration, Restlessness or irritability, slowed heart rate, appetite or weight gain. The desire to smoke is identified as a clinically relevant symptom and is an important component of withdrawal syndrome during nicotine withdrawal. Clinical studies have shown that nicotine replacement products can help smokers give up smoking. The toxicity of nicotine as one of the constituents of tobacco has been widely proven. The most common symptoms of nicotine overdose are nausea and vomiting. Symptoms of severe acute poisoning include weak and irregular pulses, difficulty breathing, and generalized seizures. No evidence of nicotine causing genotoxicity. Tobacco carcinogenicity is mainly related to the substances produced by the pyrolysis of tobacco, which does not occur in nicotine preparations. ^[1]