What Causes Nosebleeds in Children?

There are many reasons for nosebleeds in children. Generally, children before the age of 2 rarely have nosebleeds, because the capillary network in the nasal cavity of children in this age group is not well developed. Pediatric nosebleeds are mostly in the area of the capillary network in the front of the bilateral nasal septum, also known as the Li area. This vascular network is superficial and is distributed in the mucosal layer of the nasal septum.

Nosebleeds in children

child

The main causes of nosebleeds in children are:

1. When the nasal mucosa is dry,

In the case of nasal bleeding, blood is more often flowed from the front nostril; or through the nostril to the pharynx, and the two cases can occur at the same time when the amount of bleeding is large. Sometimes nasal blood flows to the pharynx, which can also manifest as "vomiting blood". This is because when the nosebleed is severe, more blood is swallowed and stimulates the stomach. In addition to causing abdominal pain, pale skin, and sweating, Vomiting coffee-like substances, that is, gastric acid reacts with the blood, causing the blood to turn brown. Nasal blood can also be excreted through the gastrointestinal tract and melena. When the amount of bleeding is too large, it can cause

First, nosebleeds in pregnant women often affect the health of the fetus, severe nosebleeds can cause fetal distress, and even premature or stillbirth.

Second, nosebleeds can cause hemorrhagic anemia, and short-term hemorrhage often causes acute hemorrhagic anemia, and long-term repeated small nosebleeds cause chronic hemorrhagic anemia.

Third, nosebleeds can also cause hemorrhagic shock, which mainly occurs in the elderly and infirm. Due to poor heart, lung, and kidney compensatory functions, acute massive blood loss or nosebleeds persist, which can easily lead to shock.

Fourth, nosebleeds easily lead to senile deafness, which is mainly caused by hemorrhagic anemia caused by ischemia and hypoxia in the inner ear.

Fifth, nosebleeds cause a sudden drop in blood pressure, which causes acute coronary insufficiency, and it is more likely to cause seizures or aggravation for those with existing cardiovascular insufficiency. Nosebleeds can also induce congestive heart failure and pulmonary edema, and severe anemia can also cause myocardial infarction, which is one of the causes of death from nosebleeds.

6. Hypertensive arteriosclerosis is the main cause of nasal bleeding in patients with hypertension, such as the abuse of hemostatic agents, procoagulants and antihypertensive drugs, nosebleeds can cause cerebrovascular accidents.

7. Nasal bleeding causes nasal blood to enter the maxillary sinus cavity. When there is a potential infection in the sinus cavity, the blood entering the sinus cavity is coagulated with the lesion as the core to form an onion-like light yellow tumor-like tissue, so it is called inflammatory necrotic pseudotumor. . Massive compression of the surrounding tissues, especially the inner wall bone, can cause bone destruction and absorption. Inflammation of inflammatory necrotic tissue can cause bleeding.

8. The most direct cause of suffocation caused by nosebleeds is aspiration of blood, obstruction of blood clots in the hypopharynx, and blood loss on the mucosal surface of the throat and hypopharynx. Elderly patients who are frail, comatose, or with anesthesia on the surface of the throat mucosa are more likely to suffocate.

Nine, the causes of death from nosebleeds are myocardial infarction, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral hemorrhage, pneumonia and sepsis, intestinal infarction, osteosarcoma, liver cirrhosis, amyloidosis and blood aspiration.

X. Pediatric nosebleeds are prone to anemia. Insufficient cerebral blood supply leads to children's memory loss, vision loss, and low immunity. Too much nosebleeds cause a loss of nutrition. It is prominently short in puberty at the age of 12-16 years. Pediatric nosebleeds can lead to inattention in class, decreased academic performance, and tears, with large blood clots in the tears. Pediatric nosebleeds can also cause fear and anxiety, and seriously affect children's physical and mental health and character growth. Pediatric nosebleeds can lead to nasal mucosal atrophy, anemia, thrombocytopenia (even leukemia) if improperly or untimely treated, nosebleeds can also cause ischemic shock and be life-threatening.

Nose bleeding in children is an emergency, and bleeding should be stopped in time. The simple method is to plug a sterilized cotton ball on the bleeding nostril or pinch both noses with your thumb and index finger; you can also use the index finger to compress the affected nose for 5-10 minutes to stop bleeding. Try to keep your child quiet and avoid crying. It is best to let the child take a seated position, tilt their head slightly forward, and try to spit the blood from the nasopharyngeal cavity to the mouth. This will not only know the amount of bleeding, but also avoid swallowing the nasal blood into the stomach. Vomit. If the amount of bleeding is large, pale, sweating, fast heart rate, poor spirit, etc.

1. Cold compress. When there is a small amount of blood, parents can use ice packs or wet towels to apply cold forehead and neck.

1. In the dry season, for children with a history of nosebleeds, the family should have chlortetracycline ointment, which can be evenly applied in the nasal cavity every day to moisturize the nasal mucosa.

2. Correct the child's habit of partial eating, drink more water, eat more vegetables, and arrange the child's diet in a scientific and reasonable manner.

3. In the evening, if the child has nasal breathing difficulty, he can use the furosemide to run his nose, but do not dig the nasal cavity.

4. Once nasal bleeding occurs, you can use clean absorbent cotton to fill the nasal cavity to stop bleeding. If there is no absorbent cotton, you can use your fingers to press the sides of the nose for 5 minutes.

5. Let the children with nosebleeds lower their heads (note that they are not on their heads) and raise their upper limbs to increase the amount of return blood to the superior vena cava, thereby reducing nasal blood supply to stop bleeding.

6. Apply a cold towel to the nose to constrict the nasal blood vessels.

7. Moisturizing the nasal cavity: When the child's nasal cavity is dry, use paraffin oil, glycerin, or wipe the nasal cavity with cotton swab dipped in clean water.

8. Control strenuous activities and avoid nasal trauma: In addition to the local inflammation of the nasal cavity in children with nasal bleeding, strenuous activities can also cause nasal mucosal blood vessels to dilate or cause nasal itching. Children digging their nasal cavities are also prone to nosebleeds. In addition to avoiding strenuous exercise, they must also develop good habits for their children. Do not dig your nostrils at will.

9. Pay attention to diet: In the dry season, eat less fried fatty foods and eat more fresh fruits and vegetables. And pay attention to hydration,

10. Prevention of respiratory diseases: If your child is suffering from an infectious disease such as cold, tonsillitis, pneumonia, or mumps, it can easily lead to congestion and swelling of blood vessels in the nasal mucosa, and even cause capillary rupture and bleeding. Therefore, prevention of nosebleeds and respiratory diseases can not be ignored.

First, the coming of spring, the Yang Qi in children also rises sharply, the blood surges with the Qi, rushes up to the nasopharynx and easily bleeds.

Second, the winter comes to spring, and the children who have taken off their thick coats and heavy hats suddenly get the opportunity of outdoor activities. They are particularly excited and easily cause bleeding from nose injuries.

Third, warming in spring, nasal vasodilation that contracted for too long in winter, dryness, itching and other discomfort in the nose, a little digging will cause bleeding.

Fourth, spring is the epidemic period of fever, measles and other febrile diseases. After fever, secondary nasal cavity and sinus infections can occur, causing nosebleeds.

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150 grams of catfish 1 treat, 200 grams of tofu, 30 grams of raw gypsum; slaughter and wash the fish, put them in the pot with tofu and gypsum, add water for 1 hour, season with salt and eat; children can only drink soup Do not eat dregs to prevent fish bones from choking. It has the effects of clearing lung heat, reducing stomach fire, and stopping nosebleeds.

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Fresh raw ground, fresh white thatch root 30 grams each, fresh reed root 50 grams, decoction, 1 dose per day, on behalf of tea, for 7-10 days, can clear heat and cool blood, stop bleeding.

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Wash 300 grams of fresh ravioli, grind and squeeze about 50 ~

Nosebleeds is a very common disease and can cause nosebleeds regardless of age and gender. Nosebleeds can be harmful, so don't underestimate them. Especially in the elderly, the body's resistance has decreased and it is easy to get sick, so we must pay attention to it. So what about nosebleeds?

1. Patients with nosebleeds should scoop out the blood clot before stopping the flow, so as not to stop bleeding because the wound cannot be closed.

2. Wet the cotton with decongestant or nasal spray, and plug it into the nostril to help stop bleeding. White vinegar is also acceptable.

3. Grasp part of the nose with your fingers and continue to squeeze for five to seven minutes to help stop bleeding. It is a very effective method for the management of nosebleeds.

4. Patients with nosebleeds should sit upright to prevent blood from reaching the throat.

5. Ice compresses can promote blood vessel contraction and reduce bleeding.

6. After the blood has coagulated, a clot and crust will form. It is best not to dig the nostrils at this time, so as not to peel off the scab and cause recurrence of the nosebleed.

7. Applying antibiotics or steroid ointment to patients with epistaxis can relieve itching and prevent the mucus from drying out.

8. Bleeding in the left (right) nostril, raise the right (left) arm, and stop bleeding in a few minutes.

9. Push the bleeding side of the nose to the bridge of the nose and hold it for 5-10 minutes to coagulate the blood in it to stop bleeding. If bleeding occurs on both sides, pinch the nose wings. After the nosebleed stops, there are many clots in the nostrils. Don't rush it out, try to avoid sneezing and rubbing hard to prevent rebleeding.

10. When the nose (left) of a patient with nosebleeds bleeds, another person hooks the middle finger of the patient's right (left) middle finger root and bends it hard. Generally, the hemostasis can be stopped within a few seconds; , Left (right) nostril bleeding, pierce the right (left) middle finger, after the nose blood stops, untie the cloth strips.

11. Take an appropriate amount of garlic, peel it, mash it into garlic, apply it on the soles of the feet, and wrap it with gauze to effectively treat the nosebleeds.

12. Place the patient in a chair and soak their feet in hot water to stop nosebleeds.