What Is a Fertile Womb?

It has multiple meanings, mainly referring to the fact that the land contains nutrients and water suitable for plant growth. It can be expressed as an adjective.

The development of farming measures is restricted by various factors such as production methods and mechanization levels. The structure of the cultivated layer formed by different tillage measures is different, which affects soil ecological factors such as water, gas and heat of the cultivated layer.

Tillage measures have undergone tremendous changes in working power, working tools, and working methods. In the early 1950s, the traditional rotation system was mainly used. The motive power of the tillage tools was basically animal power. The main cultivation methods were withholding, hoeing, and squeezing. In the middle and late 1950s, with the development of large-scale power, machine turning, machine sowing and mechanical ridges began to rise. Farming modes include flat farming, ridges after flat farming, combination of turning, buckling, and hoeing. In the 1960s, new tillage systems such as machine turning, machine sowing, seedling suppression, and middle tillage ridges were gradually popularized and applied. The farming system adopted in the 1970s and 1980s was mainly mechanized rotation, and the operating modes were mechanical deep ploughing, rotation, repression after flat sowing, ridge (or original ridge) machine sowing after stubble, etc .; in the middle and late 1980s, promotion The applied farming systems mainly include less tillage, stubble tillage, mechanized original ridge stubble sowing, strip deep pine tillage, rotary tillage and stubble sowing, ridge tillage stubble deep loose tillage, film mulch cultivation, etc. The farming system includes stubble rotation, sowing on the ridge, etc.

In recent years, due to the impact of decentralized land management, the application of large-scale power and machinery in production has declined sharply. The area of deep mechanization and subsoil operations has become less and less. Small four-round stubble ridges are planted on the ridges and small power is shallow. Flat rotation and so on after rotary tillage dominate. The long-term use of small power tools has led to shallow farming layers, coupled with mechanical compaction, which has increased the soil surface bulk density, caused soil compaction, cultivated land degradation, degradation of the ecological environment, and serious soil loss, which in turn reduced soil fertility. According to the characteristics of the ecological effects of different plow layer structures, an in-depth study of the plow layer construction model that meets the ecological needs of crops has important practical significance for the reconstruction of fertile plow layers.

According to the soil's bad traits and obstacle factors, corresponding physical or chemical measures are taken to improve the soil properties, increase soil fertility, increase crop yield, and improve the process of human survival in the soil environment. Soil improvement work is generally based on the natural and economic conditions of each place, and according to the local conditions, a practical plan is formulated and gradually implemented to achieve the purpose of effectively improving soil production properties and environmental conditions.

1. The soil with bad properties not only has low nutrient content and imbalanced nutrients, but also the soil water, gas, and heat conditions are not coordinated, and the soil biological conditions are also poor. To provide crops with a good soil condition, light and fertile arable soil can be selected, and then mixed with rotten chicken manure, pig manure or cow manure of about 1/3 to 1/2 of the soil weight, and thoroughly mixed. , Formulated with nutrient soil as backfill soil. In this way, the soil nutrients become rich, the physical properties of the soil become better, and the soil organisms, especially the soil microbial activity, increase, which is conducive to the survival and growth of crops. For saline soil, such soil also has the function of blocking salt and buffering saline-alkali harm.

2. Increased application of organic fertilizers: Organic fertilizers are comprehensive and rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements. They are essential for soil fertilization, fertilizer conservation, arableness, soil bulk density, and soil biology. According to research, many excellent characteristics of high-yielding orchard soil are closely related to its high soil organic matter content. Adding organic fertilizer is one of the effective ways to improve soil fertility, overcome soil deficiency, salting, and poor physical and chemical properties.

3. Balanced fertilization: Aiming at the characteristics of lack of fertilizer, poor fertilization ability, imbalance of nutrients, salinity, etc. in poor soil, combined with the law of fertilizer absorption of fruit trees, the balanced application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element fertilizers can effectively Fertilize the soil, save fertilizer, reduce harm, and improve fruit quality.

4. Intercropping green manure: Green manure crops have high yields and good fertilizer effects, which not only can increase soil organic matter, improve soil physical and chemical properties, maintain soil and water, but also can be used as feed and returned to the field. Green manure is easy to cultivate, low cost, and it is a high-quality fertilizer source. Intercropping green manure is an effective measure for fertilizing and making full use of soil. Green manure crops such as gardenia, sapwood, alfalfa, and mung bean are all suitable for orchard intercropping. ^[1]

Soil is an important material condition for agricultural production, and fertile soil is an important condition for ensuring agricultural high yield. The rationality of the plough layer structure is directly related to the high and stable yield and sustainable development of crops.

For a long time, people have carried out high-intensity development and unreasonable use of cultivated land, causing the following problems in the soil: the effective plowing layer becomes shallow, and the plough bottom layer is thick and solid; the amount of available soil in the plowed layer is significantly reduced; the black soil layer is thinner and the organic matter content is reduced , The capacity of fertilizer and water supply weakened. After the plough layer becomes shallow, the soil has the problems of "shallow, solid, and less", which restricts the growth and development of crop roots, reduces the ability of agriculture to resist natural disasters, and seriously affects the crop's efficient absorption of water and nutrients, making it resistant to lodging. The decline has further restricted high and stable grain production.

A good plough layer structure should have the following capabilities: soil bulk density maintenance, adjustment ability, coordination and the soil with suitable water, fertilizer, gas and heat conditions; can promote mineralization in the plough layer, accelerate nutrient release, and provide good soil for the crop root system Environment; promote humification in cultivated layers, preserve and accumulate organic matter, and fertilize soil. ^[2]