What Is a Seminoma?

The tumor is highly sensitive to radiation therapy. Lymphatic metastasis is more common and bloodstream metastasis is less common. Spermatogonia account for about 60% of testicular tumors. The peak incidence is between 30 and 50 years of age, and it is rare in children. 85% of patients had significantly enlarged testicles, local tumor invasion was low, and tumors generally had obvious boundaries. Seminoma is slow to develop. Generally, it metastasizes to retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Extensive bloodstream dissemination can also occur in the later stages. When diagnosed, clinical cases account for 60% to 80%.

Seminoma

Seminoma originates from the primordial germ cells of the testis. It is the most common tumor of the testis. It usually occurs after middle age. It is usually unilateral, with the right side slightly more than the left side. Occurrence of cryptorchidism is dozens of times higher than normal testes. The tumor is low-grade malignant. Macroscopically, the testicles are swollen, sometimes up to 10 times the normal volume, and in a few cases the testicles are normal in size. Tumors vary in size, ranging from a few millimeters in size to more than ten centimeters in size, usually 3 to 5 cm in diameter.

- Spermatomatoma -Abstract

- Spermatomatoma -Overview of the disease

There are three subtypes of seminoma: typical seminoma, which accounts for about 80%, slow growth, and good prognosis; undifferentiated seminoma, which accounts for about 10%, has a higher degree of malignancy, and has a better prognosis than Typical spermatogonia are poor; spermatogonia are about 10%, and are more common in patients over 40 years old.

Spermatomas mostly occur after middle age, often unilateral, with the right side slightly more than the left. Occurrence of cryptorchidism is dozens of times higher than normal testes. This tumor is low-grade malignant. 85% of patients had significantly enlarged testicles, local tumor invasion was low, and tumors generally had obvious boundaries. Seminoma is slow to develop. Generally, it metastasizes to retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Extensive bloodstream dissemination can also occur in the later stages. When diagnosed, clinical cases account for 60% to 80%.

Pathologically, germ cell tumors account for 90-95%, and non-germ cell tumors account for 5-10%. Germ cell tumors can be divided into seminoma, non-spermatomatoma such as embryo cancer, teratoma, teratoma, chorionic epithelial cell carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, etc. according to the cell differentiation. Most testicular tumors can undergo lymphatic metastasis at an early stage, reaching lymph nodes adjacent to the renal pedicle as early as possible, and chorionic epithelial cancer has hematogenous metastasis at an early stage.

A typical seminoma is characterized by a single morphological structure of the tumor cell and lymphocyte infiltration in the stroma. Tumor cells are diffusely distributed or have a cord-like structure, and the morphology of the cells is consistent with that of normal seminiferous tubules. The tumor cells are large, round or polygonal, with clear borders, transparent cytoplasm, large nucleus, central, nuclear membrane And chromatin is thick, there are 1-2 eosinophilic nucleoli, mitotic images are rare.

Spermatogonia (12 photos)

- Seminoma Tumor-Pathological Analysis

Seminoma has a single tumor cell structure and lymphocyte infiltration in the interstitial space. The two features are slender fibrous tissue or dense collagen fibers, accounting for about 60% of testicular tumors. The peak incidence is between 30 and 50 years old. Rare to children. Because the testicular white membrane is relatively thick and not damaged by the tumor, the original outline of the testicle is usually preserved. The cut tumor tissue was pale yellow or grayish yellow, solid and uniform like fish, and irregular necrotic areas were often seen. The stroma is a slender fibrous tissue or dense collagen fibers, of which there are many infiltrating lymphocytes, and sometimes lymphatic follicles may form.

Macroscopically, the testicles are swollen, sometimes up to 10 times the normal volume, and in a few cases the testicles are normal in size. Tumors vary in size, ranging from a few millimeters in size to more than ten centimeters in size, usually 3 to 5 cm in diameter. Because the testicular white membrane is relatively thick and not damaged by the tumor, the original outline of the testicle is usually preserved. Tumor cells are diffusely distributed or have a cord-like structure, and the morphology of the cells is consistent with that of normal seminiferous tubules. The tumor cells are large, round or polygonal, with clear borders, transparent cytoplasm, large nuclei, located in the center, and nuclear membranes. And chromatin is thick, there are 1-2 eosinophilic nucleoli, mitotic images are rare. .

There are three subtypes of seminoma: a typical seminoma, which accounts for about 80%, has a slower growth, and a good prognosis; an undifferentiated seminoma, which accounts for about 10%, has a higher degree of malignancy, and has a better prognosis than a typical seminoma Protoblastoma is poor; spermatocyte seminoma is about 10%, more common in patients over 40 years old.

The cut tumor tissue was pale yellow or grayish yellow, solid and uniform like fish, and irregular necrotic areas were often seen. Microscopically, a typical seminoma. How many different types of lymphocytes infiltrate, and sometimes lymphatic follicles can form. The tumor is highly sensitive to radiation therapy. Lymphatic metastasis is more common and bloodstream metastasis is less common.

- Spermatomatoma -the cause of the disease

Seminoma can be divided into two types: germ cell tumor and non-germ cell tumor. The former occurs in the reproductive epithelium of the seminiferous tubules, accounting for about 95%; the latter originates from interstitial cells, accounting for about 5%. More common in 25-44 years old, with regional differences in ethnicity. The cause of seminoma is unknown, and may be related to race, heredity, cryptorchidism, chemical carcinogens, injury, and endocrine.

Spermatogonial insufficiency : This is the main cause of the disease. Testicular local temperature rise, impaired blood flow, endocrine dysfunction, cause testicular atrophy, spermatogenesis disorders, prone to malignant changes. In addition, congenital testicular dysfunction, insufficiency, is also prone to malignant changes.

Heredity : In recent years, it has been estimated that among patients with seminoma, about 16% of their close relatives have a family history of tumor disease.

Testicular female syndrome : According to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification and comparative analysis of seminoma in 1977, female testicular syndrome is also prone to seminoma.

Trauma : Trauma is not considered to be the direct cause of tumors, but after testicular trauma, small hematomas or blood circulation disorders, tissue degeneration and atrophy are localized, and tumors occur on this basis.

Infections : A variety of viral diseases, such as measles, smallpox, viral mumps, and bacterial inflammation, can all be complicated by orchitis, causing testicular cells to deform and spermatogonia.

Hormones : Facts such as clinical and animal experiments suggest that endocrine is related to the cause of testicular tumors. For example, testicular tumors often occur in young adults with strong gonads or active endocrine effects; animal experiments such as long-term administration of estrogen to rats can induce seminoma. Chinese medicine believes that: poor mood, or irritated injury to the liver, liver stagnation and qi stagnation, spleen against the spleen, spleen deficiency and dampness, leaving stagnant liver meridian, forming hard masses over time. "Zhengxuxieshi" is its pathological mechanism.

- Seminoma

Seminoma is a low-grade malignant tumor with slow development and painless enlargement of the testes. Approximately 75% of seminoma are localized in the testis at the time of diagnosis. 10% to 15% of patients have both metastatic and regional retroperitoneal lymph node lesions, and 5% to 10% of patients have advanced regional lymph nodes. Or organ transfer. For the vast majority of patients, radiotherapy is the preferred treatment after inguinal orchiectomy. The irradiation field includes the lymphatic drainage area next to the abdominal aorta and ipsilateral iliac vessels, with a dose of DT20-30Gy. Regarding the start time of radiotherapy, it should be performed as early as possible after orchiectomy, and it can usually be performed 10 days after surgery, and the interval should not exceed 1 month. Long-term complications of radiation therapy include infertility, gastric ulcers, and second primary tumors caused by radiation.

Testicular seminoma undergoes five long stages, including oncogene, precancerous lesions, subclinical stage, carcinoma in situ, metastatic cancer, etc. It takes about 2-20 years. Its enveloping circle of colloidal fibers is getting weaker and weaker. The number of capillaries is from scratch, from small to large, and finally becomes a capillary group. In other words, cancer is a sudden increase in capillaries, a lack of hard protein, and a chronic disease.

Traditional Chinese medicine knows that testicular seminoma, called a renal cyst, belongs to the syndrome of blood heat delusion like Ruyan; therefore, the treatment is the same. Since the 1950s, surgical resection has begun, but the survival rate of patients with testicular seminoma is still very low.

Testicular seminoma tumors are less than three centimeters in size. They have no metastasis and can be surgically removed. However, because the surrounding area of the cancer is destroyed, it is easy to irritate metastasis. After resection, no radiotherapy or chemotherapy is performed.

Regardless of whether the testicular seminoma is married or not, whether the unilateral or bilateral testis is affected, the doctor should inform the potential fertility risks, and remind patients to consider refrigerated sperm before surgery or radiotherapy. Surgery may cause immune infertility, radiotherapy may cause damage to the gonads, accessory gonads and insemination ducts, seriously affect the testicular spermatogenesis process, kill sperm, and severe patients may cause azoospermia. Refrigeration of sperm can solve the worries of fertility problems.

- Spermatomatoma -Spermoma

Testicular seminoma spreads in four ways:

1. In the testis tissue, cancer cells spread in the testis of the side.

2. Testicular cancer cells enter the lymphatic system and grow, called lymphatic metastasis. Inside the chest are the bronchial, hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes; outside the chest are the supraclavicular, axillary and upper abdominal lymph nodes.

3. Cancer cells of the testes enter the blood system for growth, called hematogenous metastasis, and lung metastasis is the most common, followed by growth in the liver and bone.

4. Iatrogenic metastasis. It is more common when cancer cells are implanted in the abdominal cavity or on the incision during western medicine surgery.

- Seminoma-infertility

Seminoma is the most common testicular tumor in adults, accounting for 60% to 8% of testicular germ cell tumors. The accepted treatment for seminoma is radiotherapy for retroperitoneal lymph nodes in vitro after orchiectomy. The 5-year survival rate is close to 95%. Spermatogonial cells are extremely sensitive to radiation, but may cause infertility after irradiation. The treatment of infertility caused by seminoma after radiotherapy, especially azoospermia, has few clinical reports. Traditional Chinese medicine is used to diagnose and treat azoospermia caused by postoperative radiotherapy of spermatogonia on the right side, and the sperm is successfully conceived by intracytoplasmic perminjection (ICSI).

The total weight of two testes of an adult man is about 30g. Each gram of testicular tissue can produce 10 million sperm per day, and a total of about 200 to 300 million sperm per day. Sperm-shaped sprouts, about 60 m in length, divided into four parts: head, neck, body, and tail. The head is larger, and the neck and body are as long as the head. The tail is 10 times the length of the head. The sperm has acrosome and nucleus on the head. The acrosome covers two thirds of the nucleus. There are many enzymes in it, collectively called acrosome enzymes. They are substances that break through the "shell" of the egg's radiation crown and zona pellucida during fertilization. There are chromosomes in the nucleus of the head cell, which are the materials that carry the genetic genes of the father. The neck and body are mainly cytoplasmic components, which are the parts that maintain sperm life and provide energy for sperm activity. The tail is long and consists of some proteins. When these protein fibers contract, the sperm tail can swing in all directions, and sperm movement occurs immediately. Generally, the sperm moves forward at a speed of about 50 to 60 m per second. Strong fertility sperm can climb up to about 5cm.

Sperm production requires a suitable temperature. The temperature in the scrotum is about 2 ° C lower than the temperature in the abdominal cavity, which is suitable for sperm production. During embryonic development, for some reason the testicles do not descend into the scrotum and stay in the abdominal cavity or groin. It is called cryptorchidism, and the seminiferous tubules cannot develop normally and there is no sperm production. If the testes of mature animals are subjected to warming treatment or experimental cryptorchidism, degeneration and atrophy of spermatogenic cells can be observed.

The newly born sperm is released into the seminiferous cavity of the curve. It does not have the ability to move itself. Instead, it is transported into the epididymis by the contraction of the tubular-like peripheral muscle-like cells and the movement of the luminal fluid. In the epididymis, sperm mature further and gain exercise capacity. A small amount of sperm can be stored in the epididymis, while a large amount of sperm is stored in the seminiferous tubule and its ampulla. During sexual activity, the sperm is transported to the urethra through the peristalsis of the vas deferens. Sperm are mixed with secretions from the epididymis, seminal vesicles, prostate and urethral glands to form semen, which is ejected during orgasm. Normal men ejaculate about 3-6ml of sperm each time. Each ml of sperm contains about 20 to 400 million sperm, less than 20 million sperm. It is not easy to fertilize the eggs.

- Spermatomatoma -clinical stage

The pathological type of seminoma is related to the prognosis. The extent of tumor spread and the extent of metastasis also affect the prognosis. Therefore, the clinician must not only understand the pathological type of the tumor, but also make a corresponding treatment plan according to the different lesions. Therefore, it is of practical significance to determine the stage of disease in each patient. The most commonly used staging methods today are:

Stage : The tumor is confined to the testis and epididymis, but has not broken through the capsule or invaded the spermatic cord, and there is no lymph node metastasis.

Stage : It was confirmed by physical examination and X-ray examination that the metastasis had spread to the spermatic cord, scrotum, and iliac inguinal lymph nodes, but did not exceed the retroperitoneal lymphatic area. Patients with metastatic lymph nodes who have not been clinically diagnosed are in stage a, and those with clinical examinations and abdominal lymph nodes are in stage b.

Stage III: Metastasis or distant metastasis to lymph nodes above diaphragm. Some researchers have classified distant transferers as stage IV.

Clinical features

Posterior anterior lateral view of seminoma

Seminoma is the most common mediastinal malignant blastoma, accounting for 2% to 4% of mediastinal tumors, 13% of mediastinal malignant tumors, and 50% of mediastinal malignant germ cell tumors. Almost all young men, the peak onset age is 20-40 years old, located in the anterior mediastinum, 80% have symptoms.

20% -30% of patients are asymptomatic. Symptoms include chest pain, cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, etc., and they may have drowsiness and weight loss. 10% to 20% of patients develop superior vena cava obstruction syndrome. These clinical symptoms are often related to the compression and invasion of the mediastinal structure by the tumor. A portion of seminoma grows in the trachea and expands locally to the adjacent mediastinum and lung. In general, mediastinal seminoma is spread and spread through the lymphatic pathway, and hematogenous metastasis can also occur. Bone and lung are the most commonly metastatic sites.

Chest radiographs often show huge anterior mediastinal tumors, and sometimes tumors can be found growing along the trachea. CT is usually a large mass with uniform density, and 50% of intrathoracic metastases or expansion beyond the anterior mediastinum can not be seen. CT and MRI can help determine the extent of the tumor and the invasion of the mediastinal structure. The resection rate at the first visit was less than 25%.

Blood levels of -FP and -hCG should be measured in all young men with anterior mediastinal tumors. Simple spermatogonia have almost no increase in AFP and hCG, 7% -10% have hCG increase, but often does not exceed 100ng / ml, AFP does not increase.

CA125 may also be a biological marker. Chromosome analysis of tumor tissue can identify characteristic isochorotic chromosomes on chromosome 12, which is helpful for identifying germ cell tumors and other types of tumors.

- Seminoma

Seminoma

Electron microscopy is of great significance in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue malignant tumors, especially some diagnostic ultrastructures, which have a decisive role in determining the diagnosis. If the clear cell sarcoma contains melanoma bodies or pre-melanoma bodies in the electron microscope, it can be diagnosed as a soft tissue melanoma.

In particular, it is more important in the differential diagnosis of spindle cell, round, and oval cell tumors. The specific ultrastructural characteristics are detailed in various tumors described below. The results of numerous and immunohistochemical studies show that various markers are useful, but not completely specific, in determining diagnosis. Such as a group of muscle markers, originally thought to be specific for skeletal muscle and smooth muscle type tumors, but both desmin and actin can react with myofibroblastic and fibrohistiocytic tumors.

HMB45 has also been found in non-melanoma tumors. Therefore, a correct diagnosis cannot be judged only based on the positive expression of immunohistochemical antibodies. The patient's condition, tumor site, tumor cell morphology and growth type must be integrated with the results of marker staining and integrated. Analysis, judgment, and final diagnosis.

Abnormal immune response: The immune response that does not appear in normal tissues and cells is expressed in the corresponding tumor tissue, which are all abnormal immune responses. If CK appears in many mesenchymal tumors, desmin can be expressed in hemangioendothelioma and cancer.

Epithelial sarcoma Keratin, Vimentin, CEA, NSE, S-100, and 1-AT are all positive; Ewing sarcoma Keratin and Vimentin are positive for a long time, S-100, NSE, neurofililament (NF), and Leu-7 are all Positive; malignant fibrous histiocytoma is positive except for 1-AT and -ACT. Vimentin, Desmin, and NF can be positive. This indicates that the above tumors are characterized by multi-directional differentiation.

- Spermatomatoma -Chinese medicine treatment

Seminoma

Fang : Raw Rehmannia, Dogwood, Alisma, Ligustrum, Eclipta, 10g each of Lycium barbarum, Cuscuta chinensis, Licorice 58, 12g each of yam, salvia, and Poria:

Fang : Ginseng, Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria cocos, Rehmannia glutinosa, Amaranth, Angelica, Ligustrum lucidum, Lycium barbarum, 10g each, Licorice 5g, Astragalus 15g.

System usage: those who are yin deficiency fire card,

Prescription : Those with deficiency of qi and blood,

User side . Can also be added or subtracted with the disease. 1 dose daily, decoction. 30 cases with the control group were treated with linear accelerator (or 60Co).

Efficacy: The treatment of abdominal malignant tumors (including seminoma, malignant lymphoma, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, and metastatic cancer of the abdomen) with drugs, the two groups were excellent in 11,5 cases; good in 14,10 cases; poor in 5, 15 cases. The 3-year survival rates were 68% and 32%, respectively (P <0.01). Life and psychological quality and physical condition score were better in the treatment group than in the control group: Raw Dihuang, Dogwood, Alisma, Ligustrum, Eclipta, Lycium barbarum, Cuscuta, 10g each, Licorice 58, Yam, Danpi, Poria 12g each

Fang : Ginseng, Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria cocos, Rehmannia glutinosa, Amaranth, Angelica, Ligustrum lucidum, Lycium barbarum, 10g each, Licorice 5g, Astragalus 15g.

Usage: Those who belong to Yin deficiency and fire.

- Spermatomatoma -Western medicine treatment

Seminoma

Treatment of clinical stage I testicular seminoma

Any testicular tumor should undergo high testicular removal first, and then choose a treatment plan based on the pathological type and clinical stage. Spermatogonial cells are highly radiosensitive, and lower doses can eliminate metastatic lesions without significant radiation damage. Clinical stage testicular seminoma, after high testicular excision, preventive irradiation should be performed on ipsilateral iliac lymph nodes and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. , Linear accelerator high-energy rays, 60Co, and kilovolt X-rays can be used as external radiation sources. However, high-dose prophylaxis is not necessary.

Treatment of clinical testicular seminoma

In clinical stage a, the retroperitoneal metastatic lymph nodes are small, and the irradiation field is the same as in clinical stage ; in clinical stage b, the metastatic lymph nodes are large. The irradiation field should be designed according to the size of the metastases to fully include the lymph nodes, and those with extensive abdominal cavity metastasis should undergo total abdominal irradiation. The clinical phase II radiation dose is divided into the clinical phase I. After irradiation at the mid-plane dose of 25 Gy, the contraction field at the stage IIa is enhanced to irradiate metastatic lymph nodes by 10 Gy. The total dose at the mid-plane should reach 35 Gy / 4 to 5 weeks or more; The dose reached 40Gy. In clinical stage II testicular seminoma, whether the mediastinum and the left supraclavicular area are required to prevent radiation is still controversial.

Treatment of clinical stage III and IV testicular seminoma

Clinical stage II, stage III and stage IV testicular seminoma need comprehensive treatment with radiation and chemotherapy. The treatment method for stage III cases is the same as that of stage II, but the irradiation dose of metastatic lymph nodes in the mediastinum and supraclavicular region should reach 35 ~ 40Gy. / 5 ~ 6 weeks. Distant metastases before treatment of clinical stage IV cases should be treated mainly with chemotherapy, supplemented with radiotherapy to control local lesions, and not preventive radiation. The treatment is based on the application of chemoradiotherapy-chemotherapy, that is, the "sandwich" technology, which is reasonable, that is, three courses of chemotherapy are given first, followed by 35 ~ 40Gy / 5 ~ 6 weeks of irradiation, and then 3 ~ 4 courses of chemotherapy.

Testicular seminoma is sensitive to a variety of anti-tumor drugs. China's first N-formyl sarcomin is used to treat testicular seminoma, taking 150 ~ 200mg every night before bedtime, 6 ~ 8g as a course of treatment, the total effective rate is 91.3%, of which 2/3 completely resolved. Recently, PVB or VAB-6 and PVP16 combined chemotherapy have been mainly used, and the cure rate of stage III cases has reached 90%.

Radiation therapy

Seminoma

Postoperative radiotherapy can reduce the recurrence rate of tumor sites, paraabdominal aorta, and pelvic lymph nodes, because surgical treatment can remove touched and seen masses and enlarged lymph nodes, but it cannot completely remove the microscopic lesions and tumors surrounding the tumor. Subclinical lesions, so radiation therapy and surgery can complement each other. The main tumor mass is surgically removed, and medium-dose radiation therapy is used to eliminate the remaining microscopic and subclinical lesions, which can improve the local control rate and reduce the complications of radiation therapy. For patients with stage C and combined with chemotherapy under the premise of radiotherapy, the distant metastatic seminoma can shrink or even disappear the tumor, relieve symptoms, and extend the life of some patients. It is especially important in the treatment. Pay attention to important links such as positioning and positioning, and also emphasize that under certain circumstances such as para-aortic lymph node metastasis and pelvic lymph node metastasis, this key issue should be actively and stably treated. There should be active treatment for distant metastases. ?

- Spermatomatoma -Home therapy

Patients with testicular seminoma have several special symptoms that need attention:

The earliest symptom of patients with testicular seminoma is male breast development. This phenomenon is often considered a lack of androgens and ignored by doctors. The doctor gave the patient some testosterone instead of examining the patient's testicles. If both sides of the scrotum are illuminated by light, there will be a significant difference in the size of the two testes, and their toughness will be completely different.

Testicular enlargement, or abdominal masses, is the reason for the patient's visit. At this time you should drink flavored [appetizing soup]; drink broth, especially beef tendon soup to eat collagen.

Due to the enlarged testicles, the affected side has a heavy feeling, and there is discomfort in the groin. If there is internal bleeding, severe pain can occur. Want to eat Yunnan Baiyao. Drink flavored [appetizing soup].

Testicular seminoma patients, should avoid sexual intercourse, to prevent testicular congestion and deterioration.

Since the 1950s, surgical resection has been popular in China. In some patients, wounds do not heal after surgery. Drink beef tendon soup, which usually heals within 7 days.

After radiotherapy and chemotherapy in some patients, rupture of the tumor occurred. This ulceration is extremely difficult to heal. The same is true of other cancers. You can only drink Niu Jin Tang in large doses to eat collagen, which can promote healing of ulcers.

The sacral testicular seminoma rarely shows peritoneal effusion. If there is peritoneal effusion, do not pump water, let alone intracavitary chemotherapy. I used various medicines to administer intracavity injections and killed many people. Want to eat Yunnan Baiyao.

A metastasized mass can compress nearby organs. Retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis can cause back pain and sciatica; mediastinal lymph node metastasis can cause superior vena cava pressure syndrome, which causes swelling of the face and upper limbs; pelvic lymph node metastasis, can cause inferior vena cava and chyle pool compression syndrome, and lower limbs appear Elephantiasis; lung metastases can cause dyspnea and tachycardia; rectal metastases can cause constipation; drink 50-100 ml of 20% mannitol injection after breakfast. If you squeeze the bladder, you will have difficulty urinating, and even cause hydronephrosis, which will cause damage to renal function, and the patient will have systemic edema; you should add 5 grams of cinnamon sticks and 10 grams of peony to the Jiawei Decoction.

- Seminoma tumor seminoma tumor-diet therapy

Meat food

Dietary therapy for epididymal tuberculosis: Sparrows: 3 sparrows, remove hair and remove dirt, do not wash, add cumin 10 g, pepper 3 g, shredded kernels 6 g, cinnamon 6 g in the belly, wrapped in wet paper, cooked, fasting Serve with wine. Applicable to Yang deficiency phlegm condensed epididymal tuberculosis. Astragalus and gelatin rehmannia porridge: 30 grams of astragalus, 30 grams of gelatin, 100 grams of japonica or glutinous rice, boiled porridge; 150 ml of porridge for adults, raw rehmannia juice, boil for a while, take. Applicable to Yin deficiency and phlegm tuberculosis epididymal tuberculosis.

Diet and precautions:

Improve physical fitness. Physical weakness, excessive fatigue, lack of sleep, and stressful and persistent mental labor are all factors that cause the disease. Should be actively engaged in physical exercise, physical fitness, and pay attention to rest, prevent overwork, and avoid heavy physical labor.

Food supplement: mainly dog meat, lamb, sparrow, walnut, bullwhip, sheep kidney, etc .; in addition to zinc-containing foods such as mutton, beef, chicken liver, eggs, peanuts, pork, chicken, etc., foods containing arginine such as yam, Ginkgo, frozen tofu, anchovies, sea cucumber, cuttlefish, octopus, etc. all help to improve physical fitness.

Normal diet: Men should eat more sea cucumber. Sea cucumber is rich in nutrients, nourishing kidney and strengthening energy. It is often eaten, and it has good effects on men's sperm. You can take 100 grams of sea cucumber to cook the soup, add the seasoning to the field, and take the sea to participate in the soup. Lily stewed with yam is also available. Usage is to take 250 g of fresh yam peeled, 25 g of lily, stew with water until the lily is rotten, add 10 g of rock sugar, and divide into 3 times cold food. This side is particularly suitable for men who have few sperm and are weak. At the same time, it can often take the external kidney of sheep, dogs, cattle and other animals, including its penis and testicles. It can be braised or boiled.

- Spermatomatoma -disease prevention

prevent disease

People with higher consumption of dairy products are also at a higher risk. Especially those who eat a lot of cheese have a 87% higher risk of developing testicular cancer. Therefore, quitting smoking and adjusting bad eating habits are the key to prevention.

Tobacco contains carcinogens such as arsenic, and smoking can cause changes in sex hormones, so scientists have long suspected that smoking may be one of the risk factors for disease. The findings suggest that smoking does increase the risk of testicular cancer.

Early treatment of occultation to avoid testicular trauma and excessive intercourse are of certain significance for the prevention of seminoma.

The treatment of cryptorchidism should be 4-6 years old, and the latest should not exceed 7-11 years old; endocrine therapy can be performed for 2 weeks, and testicular fixation is performed when it is ineffective.