What Is Antral Gastritis?

Antral

The so-called antral gastritis, antrum gastrititis refers to a chronic inflammation limited to the gastric antrum. The main lesions are mostly limited to the mucosal layer, but also spread to the muscle layer or serosa layer. Edema, inflammatory cell invasion and fibrous tissue hyperplasia appeared in the diseased part, making the local thickening or even narrowing; in some cases, there may be changes in mucosal surface erosion and intestinal glandularization.

Introduction of gastrosinusitis

Antral

Antral Frequently occur in men over 30 years of age, with full abdominal abdomen, dull or severe pain, which often occurs periodically, and may be accompanied by belching, acid reflux, vomiting, anorexia, weight loss, and chronic gastritis Anorexia, persistent abdominal pain, hemorrhagic anemia, etc. Gastric sinusitis should generally be treated with diet control, sedation, antacids, antispasmodics, and analgesics, mainly symptomatic treatment.

Gastric sinus symptoms

Upper abdomen has a feeling of swelling, pain or severe pain, which often occurs periodically, and may be accompanied by belching, acid reflux, burning in the upper abdomen, nausea, and vomiting

Antral Vomiting, weight loss, etc., a few may have bleeding, but also asymptomatic. The disease is closely related to mental factors, and mood swings, anger, stress, or nervousness that fears cancer can exacerbate symptoms. Gastric sinus is more common in men over 30 years of age. This is one of its characteristics.

Gastric sinusitis is mostly confined to the muscularis mucosa and can also spread to the muscularis and serosa. Gastric antral mucosa is edema, hyperemia, inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous tissue hyperplasia. The submucosa is the most obvious.

Specific symptoms of gastritis

1. Abdominal distension and abdominal pain. Gastric sinusitis occurs more frequently in men over 30 years of age. The upper abdomen feels bloating. The upper abdomen is painful or severe. It often occurs periodically. It can be accompanied by belching, acid reflux, epigastric burning, nausea, Vomiting, weight loss, etc., a few may have bleeding, but also asymptomatic. The disease is closely related to mental factors, and the symptoms of mood swings, anger, stress, or the nervousness of malignant fear can exacerbate the symptoms.

2. Stomach malignant gastritis is a chronic inflammation that occurs in the antrum of the stomach, and can generally be classified into superficial and atrophic. Observational studies have found that gastric malignancy is closely related to atrophic gastritis and gastritis. The risk of atrophic gastritis malignancy is 20 times greater than that of normal people, and the incidence of atrophic gastritis is significantly increased in areas with high incidence of gastric malignancy.

3. Gastric sinusitis leading to mental disorders is closely related to mental factors. When mood swings or fear is tense, symptoms can be exacerbated. The parasympathetic nervous system is also prone to seizures.

Gastric sinus causes and pathology

Gastroscopy

Causes and pathogenesis of chronic gastritis

One. Legacy of acute gastritis

After acute gastritis, chronic mucosal lesions can be persistent or recurrent, which can form chronic gastritis.

two. Irritating food and drugs

Long-term use of diets and drugs that have a strong irritation to the gastric mucosa, such as strong tea, spirits, spicy or salicylates, or inadequate chewing when eating, rough food repeatedly damage the gastric mucosa, or excessive smoking. Caused by the gastric mucosa.

three. Duodenal reflux

Studies have found that patients with chronic gastritis due to pyloric sphincter dysfunction often cause bile reflux, which may be an important pathogenic factor. Phospholipids in pancreatic juice, together with bile and pancreatic digestive enzymes, can dissolve mucus and destroy the gastric mucosal barrier, and promote the diffusion of H + and pepsin into the mucosa, further causing damage. The resulting chronic gastritis is mainly in the antrum. Gastric inflammation due to bile reflux is very common in patients with gastrojejunostomy. Almost all patients with peptic ulcer have chronic gastritis, which may be related to dysfunction of the pyloric sphincter. Nicotine in tobacco can relax the pyloric sphincter, so long-term smokers can promote bile reflux and cause gastritis.

There are four common causes of gastrosinusitis

1. Gastric sinusitis is closely related to mental factors. When mood swings or fear is tense, symptoms can be exacerbated. The parasympathetic nervous system is also prone to seizures. Some patients with gastritis have symptoms of upper abdominal pain similar to duodenal ulcers

2. Gastric sinusitis occurs in men over 30 years of age, manifested as fullness of the upper abdomen, dull pain or severe pain, which often occurs periodically, and may be accompanied by belching, acid reflux, vomiting, poor appetite, weight loss, etc., chronic stomach Sinusitis can also manifest as anorexia, persistent abdominal pain, and hemorrhagic anemia.

3. Gastric sinusitis is mostly confined to the muscularis mucosa, and can also spread to the muscularis and serosa. Gastric antral mucosa is edema, hyperemia, inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous tissue hyperplasia. The submucosa is the most obvious.

4. When there is mucosal erosion, glandular atrophy and intestinal gland hyperplasia, gastritis rarely exists alone, and often coexist with peptic ulcer or gastric cancer, because gastrosinusitis is closely related to atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer, and gastric cancer, so Should be taken seriously.

Gastric sinus classification

Antral There is a close relationship between inflammation. Many scholars report that the cancer rate of patients with atrophic gastritis is about 10%, and the risk of atrophic gastritis is 20 times greater than that of normal people. In China, investigations of high and low incidence of gastric cancer found that Incidence increased significantly in high incidence areas of gastric cancer. Regarding the mechanism by which atrophic gastritis develops into gastric cancer, it is generally believed that during atrophic gastritis, abnormal changes in the function and structure of the gastric mucosa occur, free acid in the gastric juice decreases, pH increases, and the amount of bacteria in the stomach increases. In the presence of enzyme-positive bacteria, nitro (NO3-) is reduced to nitroso (NO2-), which increases the content of nitroso (NO2-) in the gastric juice, which provides carcinogenesis for the synthesis of nitroso compounds in the stomach. Necessary conditions, but to what extent it will shrink and how long it will take to become cancerous, it is unknown. Generally speaking, those with severe intestinal metaplasia and anagenesis of the intestine during gastric biopsy are more likely to become cancerous.

Gastric sinus self-judgment

1. Stomach bloating: Feeling bloated stomach, indigestible food, or flatulence, blockage of appetite, food cannot go down. About 70% of patients with gastrosinusitis have this symptom.

2. Stomach pain: Sometimes it hurts before meals, sometimes after meals, and some people even more pain in the middle of the night. The feeling of stomach pain may not be severe, but dullness, tenderness, or stuffiness. The area of stomach pain is below the heart and between the belly. About 85% of patients with gastrosinusitis have this symptom.

3. Heartburn: hyperemia of gastric mucosa and excessive acidity in the stomach will cause heartburn, mainly stomach burning and fever.

4, acid reflux: too much stomach acid, often acid reflux, there is a feeling of gastric acid from the stomach or full up. About 50% of patients with gastrosinusitis have this symptom.

5, loss of appetite: no appetite, can not eat, or see food, want to eat but dare not eat.

6. Wasting: Some patients with stomach problems feel that their appetite is okay and can eat, but they are losing weight every day, which means that their digestive function is not good. Although they have eaten, they are not fully absorbed.

7. Nausea and vomiting: Patients with chronic gastritis often have nausea and other symptoms, especially chronic atrophic gastritis, and the performance of nausea and vomiting is more prominent.

8. Stomach cold: Many patients with stomach ailments do not dare to eat cold or cold foods, or when the weather becomes cold and the temperature drops, the stomach will ache and diarrhea.

9, listlessness, poor color, poor sleep: Gastric patients often look sick, have no energy during the day, do not sleep at night, work efficiency declines, and lose interest in many things.

10. Bad breath and dark tongue coating: Patients with stomach problems often have bad breath, bad mouth, dark tongue coating and other symptoms, accompanied by stomach pain and bloating.

Gastric sinus clinical diagnosis

Gastroscopy gastroscopy 1. The gastric antrum is irritated, and the anterior pyloric region is often in a semi-contracted state. It cannot be sac-like when the peristaltic wave will arrive as normal, but it can be reduced to a linear shape in the gastric cavity.

2. Mucosal veins are thickened and disordered, and can be up to about 1cm wide. The gastric mucosal veins are mostly horizontal, and the outline of the stomach wall is regular jagged. The jagged edges are also very smooth.

3. When the lesion develops to muscular hypertrophy, it often manifests as a constricted gastric antrum with a relatively fixed shape, which can generally be contracted to very fine, but not diastolic, with a gradual transition or clearer boundary from the normal segment. Narrow sections can show mucosal striations, most of which are longitudinal.

Sinusitis

a. Sinusitis is a chronic inflammation that occurs in the antrum of the stomach, and can generally be classified into superficial and atrophic. Through years of observational research, it has been found that there is a close relationship between gastric cancer and atrophic gastric antral gastritis. Many scholars report that the cancer rate of patients with atrophic gastritis is about 10%, and the risk of atrophic gastritis is 20 times greater than that of normal people. In China, investigations of high and low incidence of gastric cancer found that Incidence increased significantly in high incidence areas of gastric cancer. The mechanism for atrophic gastritis to evolve into gastric cancer.

b. Gastric sinusitis is closely related to mental factors. When mood swings or fear is tense, symptoms can be exacerbated. The parasympathetic nervous system is also prone to seizures. In some patients with gastritis, the symptoms of upper abdominal pain are similar to duodenal ulcers. Chronic gastritis is easily misdiagnosed as gastric cancer and needs gastroscopy to distinguish them.

c. Gastric sinusitis is more common in men over 30 years of age. The feeling of bulging in the upper abdomen is closely related to mental factors. Emotional fluctuations, anger, stress, or nervousness of fear of cancer can aggravate symptoms.

d. Many scholars report that the canceration rate of patients with atrophic gastritis is about 10%, and the risk of atrophic gastritis cancer is 20 times greater than that of normal people. In China, the survey of high and low incidence of gastric cancer found that atrophic The incidence of gastritis was significantly increased in the high incidence areas of gastric cancer.

Gastric sinus symptoms

Gastric sinusitis occurs in men over 30 years of age, and manifests as fullness, faint or severe pain in the upper abdomen, which often occurs periodically. Accompanied by belching, acid reflux, vomiting, anorexia, weight loss, etc., a few patients have bleeding symptoms, and some patients have no early symptoms. Chronic gastritis can also manifest as anorexia, persistent abdominal pain, and hemorrhagic anemia. The disease is closely related to mental factors, and mood swings, anger, stress, or nervousness that fears cancer can exacerbate symptoms.

Gastric sinusitis obvious symptoms

1. Abdominal pain: The most common symptom of gastritis is epigastric pain, which occurs in 85% of patients. The pain is generally diffuse upper abdominal burning pain, faint pain, and soreness.

2. Suffocation: About 50% of patients with gastrosinusitis have this symptom. The increase in gas in the patient's stomach, which is discharged through the esophagus, temporarily relieves the fullness of the upper abdomen.

3. Bleeding: Repeated bleeding is also a common symptom of gastrosinusitis. The cause of bleeding is an acute inflammation of gastric mucosa complicated by gastrosinusitis.

4. Self-perception: Symptoms of gastrosinusitis are related to mental state. When the mood fluctuates greatly or the fear is tense, the above symptoms will be exacerbated.

Gastric Sinusitis Treatment

Gastric sinusitis should generally be treated with diet control, sedation, antacids, antispasmodics, and analgesics, mainly symptomatic treatment. For those who are nervous, a small dose of sedative can be used. For patients with belching, nausea and gastric emptying disorders, Metoclopramide 10 mg can be used 2 to 3 times a day, or Modin 20 mg can be used 2 to 3 times a day, or cisapride 10 mg, daily ~ 3 times. For inflammatory lesions of gastric antrum mucosa, Mezlin-S0.67 can be selected

Antral Grams, 3 times a day, even for 6 to 8 weeks. If the patient has epigastric pain with acid reflux, Taiweimei 400 mg can be added once a day for 1 month. Or famotidine 20 mg once a night, even for January. If the pathological diagnosis of chronic gastritis has Helicobacter pylori infection, you can choose Denor 2 tablets 3 times a day for 4-6 weeks, or take amoxicillin 500 mg 3 times a day for 4 weeks .

The principle of gastrointestinal diet treatment is to adjust the various functions of the stomach and develop good eating habits and living habits. When you eat, you should chew your food slowly, so that the food and digestive juices are thoroughly mixed. The diet should be light and less irritating. Don't overeat at dinner and sleep after the food is digested. Otherwise, it will increase stomach discomfort. In the usual diet, try to make light, less greasy, less fatty foods, such as fatty meat, cream, fried food can delay gastric emptying, and easily increase the feeling of fullness in the abdomen. Should reduce irritating foods, such as pepper, onion, curry, pepper, mustard powder, espresso, etc. are not conducive to the recovery of gastric mucosal inflammation, and should not be consumed. For those with reduced gastric acid secretion, such as atrophic gastritis, delicious foods such as thick broth and chicken broth can be given to stimulate gastric acid secretion and promote appetite. For high acid gastritis (excessive gastric acid secretion), broth, chicken broth and Too much umami food. The meat can be cooked and removed from the soup before cooking. The food must be fine, crushed, soft and rotten. Cooking methods are mostly steamed, boiled, braised, stewed and braised. Pay attention to eating nutritious foods, eat more high-protein foods and high-vitamin foods, ensure that the body's various nutrients are sufficient to prevent anemia and malnutrition, for those who are anemia and malnutrition, should be rich in protein and blood red Foods that are vegan, such as viscera such as lean meat, chicken, fish, liver, and waist. High-vitamin foods have dark fresh vegetables and fruits, such as green leafy vegetables, tomatoes, eggplant, and red dates. Pay attention to the acid-base balance of the food. When the gastric acid is secreted too much, you can drink milk, soy milk, steamed bread or bread to neutralize the gastric acid. When the gastric acid secretion is reduced, you can use thick broth, chicken broth, sour fruit or juice, Stimulate the secretion of gastric juice and help digestion. Avoid abdominal gas and foods containing more fiber, such as beans, soy products, sucrose, celery, and chives. When suffering from atrophic gastritis, it is advisable to drink yoghurt, because the phospholipids in yoghurt will be tightly adsorbed on the stomach wall, which will protect the gastric mucosa and repair the injured gastric mucosa. The unique ingredient lactose in yogurt The lactic acid and glucuronic acid produced by catabolism can increase the acidity in the stomach, inhibit harmful bacteria from breaking down proteins to produce toxins, and at the same time protect the stomach from toxins, which is beneficial to the treatment and recovery of gastritis.

Gastric sinusitis caused by Helicobacter should be treated with drugs. When oral antibiotics are used to treat certain inflammatory diseases, yogurt should be consumed at the same time, which supplements nutrition and avoids the side effects of antibiotics on the human body, because yogurt contains a large number of active bacilli, which can make the intestinal flora caused by antibiotics Imbalance regains balance while protecting the gastric mucosa. Usually you must control the amount of meals. You ca nt eat more because of your favorite food. You must eat more meals. The principle is to improve nutrition and reduce the burden on the stomach.

Gastric sinus prevention and care

Pay attention to the following points:

should not eat too hard and spicy, too salty, too hot, too rough and irritating food. Diet is regular and regular, regular and quantitative, eat less frequently, eat slowly, make food fully mixed with saliva, and avoid overeating. Food should be based on nutritious, digestible, soft and soft foods. Eat more foods containing plant protein and vitamins.

Aspirin, paracetamol, acetaminophen, indole, tetracycline, erythromycin, prednisone and other drugs should be avoided, especially in the active period of chronic gastritis.

Those who have gastric acid deficiency should not dilute the gastric juice. Diet should be added vinegar, lemon juice, acid condiments, eat less digestive, flatulent food, drink as little as possible after meals and after meals.

People who have too much stomach acid should avoid eating foods that can stimulate gastric acid secretion, such as strong flavor spices, alcohol, sour agents and so on.

Avoid tobacco and alcohol. After smoking, nicotine can stimulate gastric mucosa and cause an increase in gastric acid secretion, which has a harmful stimulating effect on the gastric mucosa. Excessive smoking causes pyloric sphincter dysfunction, causes bile sweat return, damages gastric mucosa, and affects the gastric mucosal blood supply and the stomach Mucosal cells repair and regenerate, so quit smoking. Alcohol can directly damage the gastric mucosal barrier, causing H + in the gastric cavity to invade the gastric mucosa and cause mucosal congestion, edema and erosion.

Mental stress is a contributing factor to chronic gastritis and should be avoided. Uneasy and irritable mood can easily cause gastric mucosal disorders and gastric dysfunction. Therefore, we should avoid the emotional stress reaction as much as possible and relieve the tension. Usually do not get angry when things happen, don't worry about things in a hurry, don't worry about things in a hurry, and keep your mood comfortable, which is very good for the recovery of gastritis.

Do not live irregularly and overwork. Pay attention to proper rest and exercise. Physical exercise can promote gastrointestinal motility and emptying, enhance gastrointestinal secretion function, improve digestion, and help the recovery of gastritis.

When suffering from chronic liver disease, diabetes, and biliary tract disease, the local defense function of the gastric mucosa can be reduced, and gastric dysfunction can cause gastritis. In addition, tonsillitis, sinusitis, and dental caries infection caused by pharyngeal secretions, often can reduce the gastric mucosal barrier function and induce gastritis.

Gastric sinus precautions

Gastric sinus food choices

Avoid irritating foods: coffee, wine, gravy, chili, mustard, pepper, etc. These foods can stimulate gastric secretion or damage gastric mucosa. Avoid eating them. Everyone s response to food is specific, so the food you ingest should be adjusted appropriately based on your individual, without having to fast completely.

Quit acidic foods: Fruits with high acidity, such as pineapple, oranges, oranges, etc., will not be too irritating to patients with ulcers after ingestion, so it is not necessary to prohibit them.

Quit gas-producing foods: Some foods are prone to gas production and make patients feel full. Avoid taking food; however, whether food will produce gas and cause discomfort varies from person to person, you can decide whether to take food according to personal experience.

In addition, too hard foods such as fried rice and barbecue, glutinous rice products such as rice cakes, zongzi, and various desserts, cakes, fried foods, and iced foods often cause discomfort to patients, and they should pay attention to their choices.

Gastric sinus precautions for eating

Eat regular meals regularly, chew slowly, and relax, and take a break after meals before you start work. Small meals and multiple meals can avoid stomach upsurge or stomach hyperacidity, which may be left in the esophagus and stimulate the esophageal mucosa. In addition to three meals, add a snack every morning, afternoon, and before bedtime. Eat a mild dietEach meal includes a wide range of foods from six broad categories of food to achieve balanced nutrition. Do not eat foods high in starch. Don't lie down and rest after a meal.

Should reduce irritating foods, such as pepper, onion, curry, pepper, mustard powder, espresso, etc. are not conducive to the recovery of gastric mucosal inflammation, and should not be consumed. For those with reduced gastric acid secretion, such as atrophic gastritis, delicious foods such as thick broth and chicken broth can be given to stimulate gastric acid secretion and promote appetite. For high acid gastritis (excessive gastric acid secretion), broth, chicken broth and Too much umami food. The meat can be cooked and removed from the soup before cooking. The food must be fine, crushed, soft and rotten. Cooking methods are mostly steamed, boiled, braised, stewed and braised.

Pay attention to eating nutritious foods, eat more high-protein foods and high-vitamin foods, ensure that the body's various nutrients are sufficient to prevent anemia and malnutrition, for those who are anemia and malnutrition, should be rich in protein and blood red Foods that are vegan, such as viscera such as lean meat, chicken, fish, liver, and waist. High-vitamin foods have dark fresh vegetables and fruits, such as green leafy vegetables, tomatoes, eggplant, and red dates. Pay attention to the acid-base balance of the food. When the gastric acid is secreted too much, you can drink milk, soy milk, steamed bread or bread to neutralize the gastric acid. When the gastric acid secretion is reduced, you can use thick broth, chicken broth, sour fruit or juice, Stimulate the secretion of gastric juice and help digestion. Avoid abdominal gas and foods containing more fiber, such as beans, soy products, sucrose, celery, and chives.

When suffering from atrophic gastritis, it is advisable to drink yoghurt, because the phospholipids in yoghurt will be tightly adsorbed on the stomach wall, which will protect the gastric mucosa and repair the injured gastric mucosa. It is unique in yogurt The lactic acid and glucuronic acid produced by the lactose catabolism can increase the acidity in the stomach, inhibit the harmful bacteria from breaking down proteins to produce toxins, and at the same time protect the stomach from toxins, which is beneficial to the treatment and recovery of gastritis.

Gastric sinus life

Do not smoke or drink. Order life, don't stay up late, reduce unnecessary annoyance, and keep a happy mood. Do not eat 2-3 hours before bedtime.

Avoid clothes that are too tight. Those who are overweight should lose weight.

How to protect the stomach? This will focus on "five support"

Keep warm-after the day is cold, the temperature difference between day and night changes greatly. People with chronic gastritis should pay special attention to the warmth of the stomach, add clothes at appropriate time, and sleep at night and cover the bedding to prevent the stomach from getting cold and causing stomach pain or aggravating old diseases;

Antral Dietary care-The diet of patients with stomach problems should be warm, soft, light, vegetarian, and fresh. It should be regularly quantified, eat less and eat more, and often neutralize food and acid in the stomach to prevent erosion of gastric mucosa and ulcers. Aggravating the condition;

Avoid mouth maintenance-patients with stomach problems should pay attention to avoid mouth, do not eat too cold, too hot, too hard, too spicy, too sticky food, but also avoid overeating, quit smoking and drinking. In addition, pay attention to the method of taking the medicine, preferably after meals, to prevent the gastric mucosa from irritating and causing the disease to worsen;

Peace of mind-The occurrence and development of illness are closely related to human emotions and mentality. Therefore, we must pay attention to mental health, maintain mental well-being and emotional stability, and avoid stress, anxiety, anger and other negative emotional stimulation. At the same time, pay attention to the combination of work and rest to prevent excessive fatigue and affect the recovery of stomach problems;

Exercise health-Patients should combine their physical signs, strengthen moderate exercise, improve the body's ability to resist disease, reduce the recurrence of disease, and promote physical and mental health.

Eat spleen and stomach foods, such as yam, lotus seeds, soybeans, cereals, lentils, barley, hawthorn, banana, jujube, chestnut and pig lean meat, beef, chicken, milk, soy products. Ginseng, Poria, Astragalus, Atractylodes, Licorice, etc., which is a Chinese herbal medicine for tonifying the spleen and stomach, have better medicinal effects when formulated with food.

Gastric sinusitis treatment

Gastric disease three points treatment, seven points conditioning

How to protect the stomach? This will focus on "five support"

Dietary care-The diet of patients with stomach problems should be warm, soft, light, vegetarian, and fresh. It should be regularly quantified, eat less and eat more, and often neutralize food and acid in the stomach to prevent erosion of gastric mucosa and ulcers. Aggravating the condition;

Gastric sinusitis

Gastric sinusitis is a chronic inflammation that occurs in the antrum of the stomach, and can generally be divided into superficial and atrophic. Through years of observational research, it has been found that there is a close relationship between gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis. Many scholars report that the cancer rate of patients with atrophic gastritis is about 10%, and the risk of atrophic gastritis is 20 times greater than that of normal people. In China, investigations of high and low incidence of gastric cancer found that Incidence increased significantly in high incidence areas of gastric cancer. Regarding the mechanism of the evolution of atrophic gastritis into gastric cancer, it is generally believed that during atrophic gastritis, the function and structure of the gastric mucosa are abnormally changed, the free acid in the gastric juice is reduced, the pH is increased, and the amount of bacteria in the stomach is increased, especially in the case of nitrate. In the presence of enzyme-positive bacteria, nitro (NO3-) is reduced to nitroso (NO2-), which increases the content of nitroso (NO2-) in the gastric juice, which provides carcinogenesis for the synthesis of nitroso compounds in the stomach. Necessary conditions, but to what extent it will shrink and how long it will take to become cancerous, it is unknown. Generally speaking, those with severe intestinal metaplasia and anaplastic gastrointestinal mucosa during gastric biopsy are more likely to become cancerous.

Chronic superficial gastritis

Chronic superficial gastritis is a type of chronic superficial gastritis that is classified from a pathological point of view. The basic lesions are degeneration of epithelial cells, hyperplasia of small concave epithelium, and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the intrinsic membrane.Surface epithelium and Intestinal epithelial metaplasia of the small concave epithelium is not accompanied by a reduction of the intrinsic glands. The lesions are often obvious in the gastric antrum, and most of them are diffuse. Gastroscopy shows gastric mucosal congestion, edema, and spotted bleeding and erosion or accompanied by yellow-white mucus exudate.

At present, there is no specific drug treatment for chronic superficial gastritis. Generally, those who are asymptomatic need not be treated. Those with symptoms can be given reasonable medication according to the relevant etiology, pathology and clinical symptoms. The specific treatment methods are as follows:

(1) Etiology treatment: Eliminating the causative factors is the best way to treat and prevent chronic superficial gastritis. Therefore, you should avoid stress, quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption, try not to take drugs that are irritating to the stomach, and actively treat chronic tonsillitis, paranasal sinusitis, dental caries, and throat infections.

(2) Diet therapy: The diet of patients with chronic superficial gastritis should be light, regular and regular, and avoid too acidic, spicy, cold and rough food.

(3) Drug treatment: Drug treatment for chronic superficial gastritis can be roughly divided into two categories: drugs to protect the gastric mucosa and drugs to eliminate factors that damage the gastric mucosa.

Drugs for protecting gastric mucosa: Gastroketone: It is a succinate half-ester made after hydrolysis of glycyrrhizic acid, which can enhance the secretion of gastric mucus, prolong the life of gastric epithelial cells and slightly inhibit the activity of pepsin, so it can protect the stomach The mucosa is not damaged by bile and avoids H + counter-diffusion. Usage 100mg, 3 times a day, 50mg after 2 weeks, 3 times a day, half an hour before a meal, 4 to 5 weeks as a course of treatment. Side effects include sodium retention, so hydrochlorothiazide and potassium salts should be taken at the same time. Sucralfate: The drug can complex with pepsin, inhibit the enzyme to break down proteins, and complex with gastric mucosal proteins to form a protective film, preventing the penetration and erosion of gastric acid, pepsin and bile acid. In addition, this medicine can also promote the metabolism of gastric mucosal cells. Usage: 1.0g, 3 ~ 4 times a day. Mezlin-S granules: This medicine contains water-soluble B334 and L-glutamine. Water-soluble B334 can directly affect the gastric mucosa and make local inflammation disappear. L-glutamine, together with the gastrointestinal epithelial components hexosamine and glucosamine, are involved in promoting tissue repair for therapeutic purposes. Usage: 670mg, 3 times a day. Gastritis dry syrup: This medicine is mainly composed of gentamicin sulfate, procaine hydrochloride, VitB12 and other ingredients. With anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and promote gastric mucosal repair. Usage: 5g, 3 times a day. Smecta: The drug has a strong ability to fix bacteria and viruses, and has a strong ability to cover the digestive tract mucosa. Through the interaction with mucus, the toughness of the mucous membrane of the digestive tract can be improved to resist various attack factors. Usage: 3g, 3 times a day. Others: 2 to 4 tablets of vitamin E, 3 times a day; gastrin 2 to 3 g, 3 times a day; aluminum hydroxide gel 10 mg, 3 times a day; Gai Weiping 4 tablets, 3 times a day Prostaglandin E250 ~ 150mg, orally 3 times a day. Both can play a role in protecting and improving the gastric mucosa.

Drugs to eliminate gastric mucosal damage factors: Control HP infection: HP is closely related to chronic gastritis, especially chronic active gastritis. Drugs that kill HP are beneficial to the treatment of chronic superficial gastritis. In vitro tests of HP against penicillin, aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines, cephalosporins, macrolides, nitroimidazoles, furans and bismuth are sensitive. Therefore, the following drugs are often used in clinic: 120 mg of tripotassium bismuth citrate (TDB), 4 times a day, 4 weeks as a course of treatment; amoxicillin 1.5 g, 2 times a day, even for 8 days, changed to 1.0 g, 2 times a day for 28 consecutive days; furazolidone 0.1 g three times a day for 2 to 4 weeks; metronidazole 0.4 g orally three times a day for 14 days as a course of treatment; 80mg twice daily for 3 to 4 weeks as a course of treatment; etc. In addition, the effect of HP removal can be enhanced by combined use. Gastric parietal cell receptor antagonists: Histamine H2 receptors, gastrin receptors, and acetylcholine receptor antagonists can all reduce gastric acid secretion and are used to treat gastritis, especially suitable for those with high gastric acid. Cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, etc. are commonly used in clinical practice; propylglutamine, atropine, and probencin can also be used for this disease. Piperazine can selectively inhibit gastric acid secretion without significantly affecting heart rate, pupils, prostaglandins, and gastrointestinal motility. Usage: 50mg, 2 times a day. Losec is an H + -K + -ATPase blocker and can also inhibit gastric acid secretion. Drugs for controlling and improving bile reflux: pyloric dysfunction, bile reflux destroys the gastric mucosal barrier and causes gastritis, so it can be treated with methotrexam, vomiting, domperidone, cisapride and cholestyramine Drugs have the effect of promoting gastric emptying and preventing reflux. Specific usage: Metoclopramide 10mg, 3 times a day; Zhiweiling 50 100mg, 3 times a day; Modin 10 20mg, 3 4 times a day; cisapride 5 10mg, 2 to 3 times a day; Choline 3 ~ 4g, 4 times a day. Anti-pepsin drugs: Sulfated polysaccharides can be combined with pepsin to inactivate them and avoid damage to gastric mucosa. Commonly used are sucralfate and chondroitin sulfate.

Patients with chronic gastritis should pay great attention to their diet: regular diet, eat less frequently, and soft food; chew slowly and avoid overeating; avoid irritating food, avoid smoking and alcohol, drink strong tea and coffee, and eat spicy food , Overheated and rough foods; those with low stomach acid and bile reflux should eat more high-protein and low-fat diets such as lean meat, poultry, fish, and milk; avoid taking drugs that are irritating to the stomach (such as sodium salicylate) , Indomethacin, butapine, aspirin, etc.); Relieve mental tension, maintain emotional optimism, thereby improving immune function and disease resistance; pay attention to work and rest, and exercise properly.

Gastric sinusitis treatment

1) Etiological treatment: Eliminating pathogenic factors is the first factor to consider in the treatment of gastrosinusitis. Therefore, you should avoid mental stress, quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption, try not to take drugs that are irritating to the stomach, and ban non-steroidal inflammation drugs such as aspirin, indomethacin, and butapine, which can damage the gastric mucosa.

2) Quit drinking and smoking are also part of the treatment: drinking can promote gastric acid secretion and damage the gastric mucosal barrier, which is not good for the disease. Smoking can delay the healing of the lesion. The substance (nicotine) in tobacco leaves can reduce the tension of the pyloric sphincter and promote bile reflux. It can also inhibit the secretion of secretin HCO3-. Long-term smoking can also strengthen the vagus nerve tension and promote gastric acid secretion.

3) Diet Therapy: Eat food regularly, avoid eating too fast, and avoid hunger and hunger. Generally, you do nt have to follow strict recipes, but you should avoid rough, cold, hot, and irritating foods such as spices, strong tea, and coffee. Patients with severe symptoms during the acute active period can give liquid or soft food, and do not need to eat too many times. Generally, patients and symptoms can be gradually transitioned from soft food to normal diet. Patients with chronic gastritis should have a light diet, regular and regular quantitative, and avoid too acidic, spicy, cold and rough food.

4) Drug treatment: Atropine, prubincin, belladonna mixture, piperidine can be used for equalizing pain. Although it can relieve pain symptoms for a short time, studies have found that long-term use of anti-inflammatory drugs can easily stimulate gastric mucosa, weaken the defense and Repair function is one of the direct causes of gastric antrum. Therefore, the use of drugs in the treatment of gastrosinusitis has the characteristics of poor efficacy and easy recurrence after healing.

5) Surgical treatment: Acute gastritis with severe dysplasia is currently considered to be a precancerous lesion, and some people have suggested that surgical treatment should be considered; however, traditional surgical treatment has large wounds, large physical loss, and long postoperative recovery periods, which causes patients Great pain and heavy financial burden.

Causes of gastrosinusitis

1. Smoking and drinking: Long-term smoking can also cause excessive secretion of gastric acid; reflux bile into the stomach and destroy gastric mucosa; Alcohol can stimulate gastric acid secretion and directly damage gastric mucosa.

2. Causes of the disease: When suffering from chronic gastric or gastrointestinal diseases, the local defense function of the gastric mucosa can be reduced, and gastric dysfunction can cause gastritis. In addition, tonsillitis, sinusitis, and dental caries infections caused by pharyngeal secretions can often reduce the barrier function of the gastric mucosa and induce gastritis.

3. Irregular diet: Overeating or irregular diet can affect gastric digestive function, cause indigestion and malnutrition, and malnutrition can weaken the barrier effect of gastric mucosa.

4. Gastric sinus is related to mental factors: when mood swings or fear is tense, symptoms can be exacerbated. The parasympathetic nervous system is also prone to seizures. In some patients with gastritis, the symptoms of the upper abdomen are similar to those of the duodenal ulcer. Chronic gastritis is easy to be misdiagnosed and should be determined by gastroscopy.

Gastric sinusitis

Atrophic gastritis is a relatively serious disease. When atrophic gastritis develops, a series of symptoms, such as full abdominal abdomen, faint pain, or severe pain, occur periodically, and may be accompanied by belching and acid reflux. , Vomiting, anorexia, weight loss and other symptoms rarely exist alone, often coexisting with peptic ulcer.

In addition, some studies have found that there is a close relationship between atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. Many scholars report that the cancer rate of patients with atrophic gastritis is about 10%, and the risk of atrophic gastritis is 20 times higher than that of normal people.

This disease will not only affect the normal life and work of the patient, but if it is not actively cooperated with the treatment, it will also threaten the patient's life. It should be paid attention to and treated early to restore health as soon as possible. ^[1]