What Is Brain Cancer Stage 3?

The brain is one of the most important organs in humans. No matter whether the tumor in the brain is benign or malignant, once any part of the brain is oppressed, it will cause damage to different functions of the human body. In addition, the complexity of brain tissue is higher than any other part, which adds to the difficulty of treatment. This is also the tricky part of brain cancer. Brain cancer can be divided into primary brain cancer and metastatic cancer that has metastasized to the brain from other parts. Most of the cases that occur in children are primary brain cancer, and in general, severe liver cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, etc., eventually spread to brain cancer.

Western Medicine Name: Brain cancer
Affiliated Department: surgical-
Disease site: head

The main symptoms: Headache, vomiting
Multiple groups: All people
Contagious: Non-contagious
Whether to enter health insurance: Yes

Brain cancer disease profile

Tumors growing in the skull are commonly known as brain tumors, including primary brain tumors that occur from the parenchyma of the brain and secondary brain tumors that metastasize to the skull from other parts of the body. Primary brain tumors are classified as benign and malignant according to their biological characteristics. Benign brain tumors grow slowly, the envelope is relatively complete, and they do not infiltrate the surrounding tissues and are well differentiated; malignant brain tumors grow faster, without envelopes, and the boundaries are not obvious, showing invasive growth and poor differentiation. No matter benign or malignant, it can squeeze and displace normal brain tissue, cause increased intracranial pressure, and threaten human life.

In recent years, the incidence of intracranial tumors has been increasing. According to statistics, intracranial tumors account for about 5% of systemic tumors and 70% of children's tumors, while other malignant tumors eventually turn into the skull. Its swollen and invasive growth, once occupying a certain space in the skull, regardless of its benign or malignant nature, will inevitably increase the intracranial pressure, compress the brain tissue, cause central nervous damage, and endanger patients' lives.

Intracranial tumors can occur at any age, with the most common being 20-50 years old. Tumors in the posterior fossa fossa and midline are more common in children, mainly medulloblastoma, craniopharyngioma and ependymal tumor. Gliomas are most common in adults, such as astrocytomas, glioblastomas, and ependymal tumors, followed by meningiomas, pituitary tumors and craniopharyngiomas, neurofibromas, cavernous hemangioma, Cholesteatoma and so on. There was no significant gender difference in the incidence of primary intracranial tumors, with slightly more men than women.

Clinical manifestations of brain cancer

Depending on the type of pathology, where it occurs, and the main speeds vary widely, there are three similar characteristics:

Increased intracranial pressure in brain cancer

Symptoms of increased intracranial pressure occur in more than 90% of patients with brain tumors. The symptoms are:

Brain CT picture

1. Headaches, nausea, vomiting, and headaches are mostly located in the forehead and temporal area. For persistent headaches, the paroxysmal aggravates, often in the morning. The headache is more severe, and the interval can be normal.

2. Nipple edema and vision loss.

3. Mental and conscious disorders and other symptoms: dizziness, diplopia, transient dark haze, sudden collapse, blurred consciousness, restlessness or indifference, epilepsy and even coma may occur.

4. Changes in vital signs: Moderate and severe acute intracranial pressure increases often cause breathing, pulse, slowing, and blood pressure.

Local symptoms of brain cancer

Local symptoms and signs: It mainly depends on where the tumor grows, so you can make a localized diagnosis of the tumor according to the patient's unique symptoms and signs.

1. Clinical symptoms of cerebral hemisphere tumors:

(1) Psychiatric symptoms: mostly manifested as slow response, lazy life, near memory loss, or even loss, loss of self-knowledge and judgment in severe cases, can also manifest as irritability, irritability or euphoria.

(2) Seizures: including generalized and localized seizures. The frontal lobe is the most common, followed by the temporal lobe, parietal lobe, and the occipital lobe is the least common. In some cases, there are threats before convulsions, such as temporal lobe tumors and seizures. There are often auras of fantasy, dizziness, etc. Before the onset of parietal tumors, there may be abnormal feelings such as limb numbness.

(3) Symptoms of pyramidal tract damage: manifested as weak or paralyzed pathological signs on the contralateral half of the tumor or a single limb.

(4) Sensory disorders: manifested as obstacles to the position perception of the opposite limb of the tumor, two-point resolution perception, graphic perception, material perception, and physical perception.

(5) Aphasia: Divided into motor and sensory aphasia.

(6) Visual field change: visual field defect and blindness.

2. Clinical manifestations of sphenoidal tumors:

(1) Visual impairment: The development of tumors on the saddle that oppresses the intersection of vision and visual field loss is often the main reason for patients with sphenoidal tumors to come to the clinic. Fundus examination can find primary optic nerve atrophy.

(2) Endocrine dysfunction: If hypogonadism is low, men show impotence and hyposexuality. Women manifest as prolonged or amenorrhea, excessive secretion of growth hormone before development and maturity can cause giant disease, and cyanotic atrophy after cyanosis.

3. Clinical symptoms of pineal gland tumors:

Symptoms of quadruple compression: Focused on two aspects, namely: visual impairment, pupils' reaction to light and regulation, tinnitus and deafness; unstable holding, staggering gait, eyeball tremor, paralysis of limbs, both sides Pyramid tract sign; diabetes insipidus, drowsiness, obesity, systemic developmental stasis, and precocious puberty in men.

4. Clinical symptoms of posterior cranial fossa tumors:

(1) Cerebellar hemisphere symptoms: mainly manifested as ataxia of the affected limb, weakened or untensioned muscles on the affected side, sluggish knee tendon reflex, horizontal eye tremor, and sometimes vertical or rotational tremor.

(2) Symptoms of cerebellar vermicompost: mainly manifested as ataxia of trunk and distal lower limbs, two feet separated too far while walking, staggering gait, or shaking left and right like a drunk.

(3) Symptoms of brainstem: The clinical manifestations are characterized by the occurrence of cross paralysis. If there are many midbrain lesions, it is manifested as oculomotor nerve palsy on the diseased side and pontine lesions, which can be manifested as eyeball abduction on the diseased side and facial muscle paralysis. Lateral paresthesia and hearing impairment, medulla oblongata may occur ipsilateral tongue muscle paralysis, throat paralysis, and loss of taste in the back 1/3 of the tongue.

5. Cerebellar pontine angle symptoms: tinnitus, hearing loss, dizziness, facial numbness, facial muscle twitching, facial muscle paralysis and hoarseness, drooling cough, ataxia on the affected side, and horizontal tremor.

Brain cancer progressive symptoms

Compression symptoms sometimes do not appear in the early stages of the tumor. With the growth of the tumor, compression symptoms can be expressed to varying degrees. Depending on the location and malignancy of the tumor, the rate of tumor growth, and the degree of symptom progression, there are also fast and slow.

Brain cancer pathophysiology

Long-term diet structure, lifestyle habits and other factors cause acidification of the physique, and the overall function of the human body is reduced, causing

Brain cancer Kidney deficiency, liver and kidney homogeneity, kidney deficiency and liver deficiency also cause slowing of the metabolic cycle of the upper coke, blocking the cerebral arteries, and stagnation of blood gas. At this time, some brain parasites and the virus multiply, causing serious brain damage.

Brain tissue fluid is acidified, brain cells are in acidic body fluids, and then the amount of dissolved oxygen in brain cells is reduced, resulting in decreased cell activity and slowed metabolic cycles. When it drops to 65% of normal value, normal cells cannot survive, but there is no change. The chromosome adopts actively mutated cells, the phenotype of the cell changes, and the tumor traits are expressed. These cells rapidly expand to form a true tumor entity.

In addition, there are cancers of other tissues in the body due to the acidification of the body, and brain function is reduced, the brain tissue fluid is acidified, and cancer cells enter while they are in the brain, causing brain tumors.

Brain cancer complications

Local symptoms are also called localized symptoms. Due to the location of gliomas, the local symptoms produced by them are also different. Clinically, the location of the tumor can be judged in combination with other manifestations. Among them, the most important focus symptom, that is, the result of direct compression of tumors to stimulate or destroy brain tissue or cranial nerve, has localization value. However, it is most diagnostic in the early stage of onset. In the late stage, due to the indirect effects of compression, edema, and involvement of brain tissue and cranial nerves in other parts, some nearby and distant symptoms of the tumor appear. The former is caused by compression of the brain or cranial nerve near the tumor. For example, cerebellar tumors have symptoms of pontine and medulla; temporal lobe tumors have III and IV cranial nerve disorders; lateral fissure tumors have hemiplegia. The above symptoms are related to tumor compression, brain tissue displacement or cerebral blood circulation disorders. Distant septum symptoms are dysfunctions of the cerebral nerves in the distant part of the tumor, such as posterior cranial fossa tumors. Because hydrocephalus affects the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobe, visual, auditory hallucinations, or epilepsy can occur. Another example is the increase in intracranial pressure, due to the expansion of the third ventricle, bilateral temporal hemianopia and sacral enlargement can also occur.

Brain cancer disease metastasis

There is no obvious correlation between the malignancy of brain cancer and metastasis. Brain cancer metastasis is mainly intracranial metastasis, and extracranial metastasis is rare.

Intracranial metastasis of brain cancer

Also known as implantable metastasis, the condition for this type of metastasis is that the tumor is rich in tumor cells and less interstitial, so the tumor cells are prone to fall off; or because the tumor tissue is exposed to the cerebrospinal fluid pathway, the shed cells must be brought to a distance Or deposited on the wall of the ventricle. Tumors that meet the above conditions include medullary tumors of the fourth ventricle and ependymal tumors on the ventricular wall. In addition, choroid plexus papilloma and other gliomas that have penetrated into the ventricle have also been reported. Sometimes the tumor is not close to the ventricle or subarachnoid space, but surgery, especially tumor biopsy or partial resection, can cause tumor cells to fall off and spread in the subarachnoid space, increasing the chance of such metastases. Most of the metastatic nodules are located in the brain pools of the skull base and the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord.

Extracranial metastasis of brain cancer

Generally rare, the main reason is that the body's circulatory system has a strong ability to reject free brain tumor cells, and at the same time the intracranial lack of lymphatic channels that rely on metastasis. In addition, most intracranial tumors require a higher growth environment and conditions. After metastasis to the extracranial space, they often cannot adapt to the environment and require a longer incubation period to develop disease. Patients with intracranial tumors have a short survival period, and may die from increased intracranial pressure or from life-threatening centres before metastases are detected. However, these conditions that prevent extracranial metastasis can disappear as treatment progresses. First, the intracranial tumor is removed after surgery and comprehensive treatment, and the patient's life is prolonged. In addition, the chance of contact with the dura, scalp and extracranial soft tissue during surgery is greatly increased, and sometimes even tumor cells directly enter the open lymphatic vessels and blood vessels. The postoperative tumor has an increased chance of recurrence on the dura and extracranial tissues, and the lymphatic channels in these tissues provide a way for tumors to metastasize further. Extracranial metastases reported in the literature mostly occur after surgery, and even some people think that surgery is a necessary condition for extracranial metastases of brain tumors. However, there are also spontaneous metastases, especially when the subtumor has greater invasiveness and can penetrate the dura mater and invade extracranial tissue. The tumors that have been reported to metastasize to the extracranial area include gliomas, meningiomas, and primary sarcomas. Among gliomas, pleomorphic glioblastomas are the largest, accounting for 1/3, followed by medulloblastoma, ependymal tumor, oligodendroglioma, astrocytoma, and undifferentiated glioma. Meningiomas metastasize to hemangioblastoma epithelial cell types with abundant blood supply. Metastases can occur in almost all parts of the body, but the most common sites are lung and pleura, accounting for 33%; neck and mediastinal lymph nodes account for 22%; liver 14%, spine and bone marrow system 9%, kidney 6%, others Rare parts are heart, ovary, uterus, bladder, parotid gland, thyroid, thymus, adrenal gland, stomach, colon, scalp, peritoneum and so on.

Brain cancer diagnosis and identification

Brain cancer test

In daily life, check up regularly and pay attention to your body for signs of brain cancer. If there are some reactions, you must find out what causes the discomfort. To determine if brain cancer is diagnosed, you need to go to the hospital for a specific examination, see your blood test indicators, CEA, CA125, and do MRI and other tests to confirm the diagnosis.

1. Fundus examination: observe whether there is optic papillary edema b optic papillary edema is a sign of increased intracranial pressure, and headache and vomiting are also known as the "three signs" of increased intracranial pressure, but only in one quarter of patients, so Brain tumors cannot be ruled out simply by negative eye tests.

2. X-ray of the skull: It is helpful to understand whether there is increased intracranial pressure, local damage or hyperplasia of the skull, whether the saddle is enlarged, displacement of pineal calcification, and pathological calcification in brain tumors. Qualitative diagnosis is helpful, but the positive rate of x-rays is less than one-third, so brain tumors cannot be ruled out because of negative radiographs.

3. EEG examination: It has localization value for brain tumors with fast-growing hemispheres. It can be seen that the amplitude of the diseased side is reduced and the frequency is slowed down, but it is not helpful for the diagnosis of brain tumors in the midline, deep hemisphere and under the curtain. The EEG topographic map developed after the 1970s can graphically show the location and extent of intracranial lesions, and the diagnosis of brain tumors is more sensitive than conventional EEG. It is mainly manifested by the abnormality of the slow wave power around the tumor area and the tumor area. It may be an effective screening method before CT examination.

4. Brain CT examination: The detection rate of brain tumors can reach more than 90%. The size, shape, number, location, density and nature of lesions are easy to display, and the anatomical relationship is clear. It is the main diagnostic method for brain tumors.

5. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): It shows most intracranial tumors and peritumoral edema, which can accurately show the location, size and morphology of tumors. It is an important additional examination method for CT, especially for tumors near the skull base and brain stem, such as benign astrocytomas on the sky, which can display abnormalities, which makes up for the missed diagnosis of no abnormality in CT. Therefore, MRI is more suitable for early diagnosis.

6. Biochemical measurement; Patients with pituitary tumors, especially those with excessive secretion of anterior pituitary hormones, can be confirmed by blood biochemical examination. Prolactin, growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, gonadotropin, etc. can be detected separately to determine the nature of pituitary disease, of which prolactinoma is the most common, accounting for about 50%, followed by growth hormone adenoma, Adrenal cortex hormone adenoma.

The diagnosis of brain tumors has mainly depended on clinical symptoms, signs, neurological examinations, and positive results of x-ray skull radiographs. The use of skull CT or magnetic resonance imaging has a detection rate of more than 90%, which can be as high as 99.7 %, Help early detection of this disease. Diagnosis of brain tumors must include localized diagnosis and qualitative diagnosis in order to make comprehensive judgments and determine effective treatment measures.

Differential diagnosis of brain cancer

Intracranial tumors are often associated with intracranial inflammation such as cerebral arachnoiditis, pyogenic and tuberculous meningitis, tuberculoma, brain abscess, chronic subdural hematoma, intracranial hematoma, hypertensive encephalopathy and cerebral infarction, intracranial parasites Disease, granulomatous, mycosis, optic papillitis and posterior optic neuritis.

Brain cancer care measures

I. Psychological care: Most patients are suddenly injured in normal life, work or hemiplegia due to illness. The psychological changes of these patients are often manifested as tragedies caused by depression, anger, guilt and remorse. Because patients have lost the ability to live independently, they have many concerns about their personal life, marriage, work, and future. Therefore, her family members should care, comfort and encourage her to treat her illness and future life and work correctly, build confidence in her future, give play to her subjective initiative, and cooperate with various rehabilitation treatments with strong perseverance.

Second, limb function exercise: during the occurrence of hemiplegia and bedridden, family members assist in passive limb exercise. After the illness is recovered, active activities are encouraged, such as standing exercises. Began to stand under support, such as leaning against a wall, walking sticks, etc., while guiding sitting exercises and stepping exercises to improve lower limb muscle strength. With the improvement of the condition, from the beginning to stand without dependence, gradually transition to walking. The ipsilateral upper limbs are mainly used for active exercises of the joints, to strengthen the movement of the metacarpophalangeal joints and the exercises of the thumb to promote the smooth recovery of hand function.

Third, language rehabilitation exercises: First of all, give patients sufficient self-confidence and patience, from simple monophonic, dual-tone to sentences, every progress should be given timely praise and encouragement. Reminisce about her past, talk about happy things, treat them like adults to cope with children, and show love and respect, so that they can live happily every day.

4. Practice of self-care ability: Patients with weak limbs look forward to independent living. Family members guide patients to practice various pinch methods, and then learn to use combs and brushes to practice washing their face, bathing, and ingesting food with their hands, so that patients can get a sense of belonging, emotional satisfaction, and self-care.

Brain cancer disease treatment

Brain cancer surgery

For primary tumors, surgical resection is performed to remove the tumor cells as much as possible to avoid fine

Brain tumor resection Cell proliferation remains the most common treatment modality. On surgical resection, some studies have pointed out that the use of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) to calibrate cancer cells to make them appear fluorescent can help improve the rate of tumor resection. Gliolan (medac GmbH) has been approved for marketing in Europe. For some deeper tumors or tumors that cannot be removed by traditional surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery (Gamma knife, Cyberknife or Novalis Tx radiosurgery) is another surgical option.

For benign tumors, the chance of complete surgical resection is higher, and the survival rate of patients is also higher, such as brain or cerebellar stellate cell tumor, sphenoidal craniopharyngioma, and choroid plexus tumor of the ventricle. No radiation or chemical drugs are required. Treatment, the chance of recurrence is low, but regular CT or MRI re-examination is required. Residual benign tumors that cannot be completely removed by surgery can be observed and tracked as appropriate, or treated with chemotherapy or radiation.

For general malignant brain tumors, such as degenerative astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, ventricular meningioma, teratoma, etc., those who can be completely resected or nearly completely resected have a better prognosis, but radiation therapy and or Chemical drug treatment can achieve the purpose of controlling tumor growth.

The survival rate of patients with primary brain tumors has a considerable correlation with the type of tumor and the patient's age and physiological functions. These factors will affect the patient's choice of treatment mode.

Brain cancer chemotherapy

Chemotherapy for cancer has made great progress, but due to the special structure of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the brain, the chemotherapy of brain tumors is still subject to many restrictions. Any chemotherapeutic drug can only pass through the vascular endometrial cells through the lipid solubility of the drug. It then enters tumor cells to produce effects, and this mode affects the speed and efficiency of drug action.

The commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs in clinical practice are nitrosourea alkylating agents BCNU and CCNU, or the PVC scheme (methylbenzine + vincristine + CCNU) has a certain effect, but has side effects such as delayed and cumulative bone marrow suppression and lung toxicity , Easy to produce drug resistance.

New progress has been made in the development of new chemotherapeutics for brain tumors. One is the oral drug "Temozolomide", and the other is a drug chip "Gliadel (BCNU)" that is implanted directly during surgery.

Lia Gliadel (American Biopharmaceutical) The U.S. FDA approved the research and development of Guilford Company in 1996, using BCNU as the active ingredient and polyphenylpropan 20 as the release matrix to make an implanted drug chip Gliadel to treat recurrent malignant brain tumors After surgery, the drug can be directly placed in the brain tissue of recurrent glioblastoma, allowing the drug to be slowly released for continuous chemotherapy. After years of multi-center clinical trials, the FDA increased its treatment indications in 2003 and approved Gliadel for the treatment of primary malignant brain tumors. According to the literature, Gliadel can prolong the middle of patients with primary and recurrent malignant brain tumors. Survival period.

This treatment is unique in its mode of administration and its release system. During the surgical procedure, the tumor tissue is removed first, leaving a small cavity, and then the periodically released chip is implanted. These chips will slowly disintegrate and melt within 2 to 3 weeks. The released drugs can directly enter the tumor area, killing those tumor cells that have not been removed during surgery, and can not damage other tissues. The effective local blood concentration can be achieved, which delays the progress of the disease.

The National Cancer Center Alliance (NCCN) 's latest treatment principles for malignant brain tumors point out that patients with primary and recurrent malignant brain tumors can be surgically resected with Gliadel (BCNU) at the same time. Radiotherapy or chemotherapy drugs such as Temozolomide, according to the literature, this treatment mode can effectively prolong the median survival of patients.

Brain cancer radiotherapy

Radiotherapy is the use of radiation or gamma rays and high-speed neutron rays to kill tumor cells.

Brain cancer lesion map Referred to as radiotherapy.

Radiation therapy is the most common adjuvant treatment for tumors, which usually starts 1 to 2 weeks after surgery. Radiation therapy mainly uses tumor cells that are more sensitive to radiation and are susceptible to radiation damage to kill tumor cells. Generally, treatment takes about four to eight weeks. The irradiation range will be determined according to different tumor pathological diagnosis, degree of differentiation, and imaging medical examination results. Size and dosage. Radiation therapy is an effective method for many malignant tumors and deep site benign tumors that cannot be safely removed. Radiation therapy has developed into conformal or positioning methods, including linear accelerator radiation therapy, gamma-ray localization radiation surgery, and photon knives. However, some malignant brain tumors still require extensive brain radiation therapy or total cranial and spinal radiation therapy.

Published by Texas in 2008, Anderson Cancer Center research indicates that patients undergoing stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) have significant side effects and impaired learning and memory impairment. Risky.

Brain cancer diet treatment

The method we use to treat cancer Why surgery and chemotherapy do nt really cure cancer and alleviate the pain of patients It is because cancer cells have metastasized and recurred after surgery and chemotherapy. To treat cancer, you must start by improving your body and starve cancer cells from the source.

Brain cancer disease prevention

1. Develop good living habits and quit smoking and limit alcohol. Smoking, the World Health Organization predicts that if people stop smoking, five years later, the world's cancer will be reduced by 1/3; secondly, do not drink alcohol. Tobacco and alcohol are extremely acidic substances. People who smoke and drink for a long time can easily cause acid constitution.

2. Don't eat too much salty and spicy food, and don't eat overheated, cold, expired and spoiled food.

3. Have a good attitude to cope with stress, combine work and rest, and don't be overly tired. It can be seen that stress is an important cause of cancer. Chinese medicine believes that stress leads to overwork and weakness, which leads to decreased immune function, endocrine disorders, metabolic disorders in the body, and the deposition of acidic substances in the body. Stress can also cause mental tension and cause qi stagnation, blood stasis, and toxic fire. Inset and so on.

4. Strengthen physical exercise and physical fitness, exercise more in the sun, and sweat more to expel acidic substances from the body with sweat to avoid the formation of acidic physique.

5. Life should be regular, and good habits should be developed to keep all kinds of cancer diseases away from yourself.

6. Do not eat contaminated food, such as contaminated water, crops, poultry, fish eggs, moldy foods, etc., eat some green organic food, and prevent illness from entering the mouth.

7. Do not eat foods that contain carcinogens, such as Sudan Red.

Brain cancer related research

Recently, American scientists have surprisingly discovered through experiments that genetically modified common cold viruses can slip into mouse brain cancer cells and kill brain cancers that cannot be treated with surgery. The scientific discovery shocked the National Cancer Institute and the US Food and Drug Administration. U.S. scientists say they want to use this anti-cancer method as soon as possible to treat patients with brain cancer.

Researchers participating in the experiment said they had never seen an animal experiment that could produce such a shocking effect. If this anti-cancer method finally works in the human body, it will be the first method to cure malignant glial brain tumors. In the United States, 18,000 people are diagnosed with brain cancer each year, and 13,000 of them will die quickly because of ineffective treatment, and about half of these deaths are caused by glioblastoma. Patients with this type of brain cancer typically only survive one year.

Researchers genetically modified a common cold virus called adenovirus, weakened it to the point where it would not affect healthy cells, and then gave it a "key" to open the door to cancer cells. The researchers injected the transgenic virus into the brains of mice that had been injected with glioblastoma cells and found a 60% cure rate. The cured mice survived for 140 days. After that, the researchers removed their brains and found that they had no brain cancer cells. Researchers said that before, mice were usually killed within 20 days after being injected with human brain cancer cells.

Adenovirus was used because it is very susceptible to infecting human cells. When explaining why this genetically modified virus only achieved a cure rate of 60%, the researchers stated that there are two possibilities, one is that human brain cancer cells in the brain of some mice have multiplied and reached cancer cells. It is growing faster than the virus can replicate. Another possibility is that the virus was not effectively injected into the brains of some mice.

American scientists say they will work with Spanish scientists as soon as possible to develop an anti-brain cancer drug that can be tested in humans. The scientists also said that although the development of cancer cells in the human body follows a more complicated process, it is more difficult to treat cancer patients than to treat mice injected with human brain cancer cells, but their research has fully considered these factors. Scientists have injected mice injected with human brain cancer cells with various therapies, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and recently developed new chemotherapy methods. Although they can slightly extend their survival time, they eventually died. However, using this new method, researchers have found a cure that can be called a cure.