What Is Camptocormia?

Campanul, the name of Chinese herbal medicine. This product is the fruit or root of Camptotheca acuminata. Fruits are harvested from late autumn to early winter and dried; roots can be harvested throughout the year. Functional indications: try to treat all kinds of cancer, acute and chronic leukemia, psoriasis and hepatosplenomegaly caused by schistosomiasis. Jiangxi "Chinese Herbal Medicine": cancer prevention, elimination. Effective for gastric, rectal, and bladder cancer; effective for chronic myeloid leukemia. "Summary of New Chinese Medicine": breaking blood and removing blood stasis. It has good curative effect on chronic lymphocytic leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia; it can only relieve symptoms temporarily for acute leukemia.

Chinese name: Kiki
Chinese name: Xi Shu
Alias: Eclipta, water chestnut, water tung tree, Tianzi tree, Eclipta seed, Thousand Zhang tree, wild plantain (Tianjin Medical Newsletter (6) 1, 1971), Shui Mozi, Eclipta, Nanjing Wutong ("Yunnan Economy plant").

Camptotheca

This product is the fruit or root of Camptotheca acuminata. Fruits are harvested from late autumn to early winter and dried; roots can be harvested throughout the year.

Camptotheca

Jiangxi "Chinese Herbal Medicine": bitter.

"Chinese Herbal Medicine" in Shanghai: bitter, cold, poisonous.

Indications of Camptotheca acuminata

Try to treat various cancers, acute and chronic leukemias, hepatosplenomegaly caused by psoriasis and schistosomiasis.

Jiangxi "Chinese Herbal Medicine": cancer prevention, elimination. Effective for gastric, rectal, and bladder cancer; effective for chronic myeloid leukemia.

"Summary of New Chinese Medicine": breaking blood and removing blood stasis. It has good curative effect on chronic lymphocytic leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia; it can only relieve symptoms temporarily for acute leukemia.

Morphological characteristics of Camptotheca acuminata

Deciduous trees, up to 30 meters. The bark is light gray. The leaves are alternate, papery, oval-ovate or oblong, 10-25 cm long, 6-12 cm wide, apex short and tapered, base broadly wedge-shaped, entire, or microwave-shaped, dark green and shiny above, Lower sparsely pubescent, densely veined; petiole about 1.5 cm long. Flowers unisexual, green-white, sessile, mostly arranged in spherical heads, 4 cm in diameter, or several inflorescences arranged in a race, with solitary ones on axils of branches and leaves; female corolla terminal, male corolla axillary . Bracts 3, pubescent on both sides; calyx cup-shaped, calyx teeth 5; petals 5, pale green, densely pubescent outside; male flowers with stamens 10, 2 rounded, outer round longer; female flowers ovary inferior, style 2 ~ 3 cracks. Achenes are narrow and round, 2 to 2.5 cm long, with persistent styles at the top, narrow wings on both sides, and brown. Flowering from July to August. Fruit period is from November to December. The plant's bark or branches (hidden bark) and leaves (hidden leaves) are also used for medicinal purposes.

Camptotheca acuminata

Distributed in Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong and other places.

Camptotheca growth environment

Mostly cultivated on the roadside or in the garden.

Camptotheca acuminata character

The fruit is lanceolate, 2-2.5cm in length, 5-7mm in width, apex pointed, with stigma residues; the base becomes narrower, with oval-shaped dent marks born on the disk, with wings on both sides. The surface is brown to black-brown, slightly shiny, with longitudinal crepe, sometimes with several corners and black spots. Tough, not easy to break, fibrous in section, 1 seed inside, shrink into thin strips. Weiqi, bitter taste. Microscopically identify the cross-section of the fruit: the outer peel is a row of flat cells; the middle peel is a series of thin-walled cells containing reddish-brown objects, dozens of vascular bundles, scattered, with fiber groups on the outside, fiber wall thickness, woodyness; inner The peel is a series of thick-walled fibers. Seed coat cells are composed of brown and flat cells; fresh endosperm cells and cotyledon cells are filled with inclusions and atrophy after drying.

Camptotheca usage and dosage

Oral: decoction, root bark 3 to 5 money; fruit 1 to 3 money; or made into needles, tablets.

Camptotheca pharmacological action

Anti-cancer effect: Alcohol extracts from the roots, stems, leaves, and fruits of Camptotheca acuminata have been tested in mice with leukemia L-615, ascites reticulosarcoma, and viral leukemia. The total number of breasts decreased, spleen weight decreased, ascites decreased, the number of viable tumor cells in ascites decreased, and stems and leaves were ineffective. Camptotheca fruit wine extract (2ml contains about 8 grams of crude drug, camptothecin 0.20 to 0.25 mg) has a good effect on L-615 leukemia, sarcoma-180 (subcutaneous type) and Ehrlich ascites cancer, and It has a poor effect on transplanted liver cancer (subcutaneous type) in mice (inhibition rate: 22%); oral decoction tablets (compound) can extend the survival time of animals with L-615 leukemia by 40.9%; injections are more effective in clinical applications The effect is good, the remission period is 1 to 6 months. Camptotheca acuminata 2g crude drug / ml in melanin test tube method can inhibit the white blood cells of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia. Camptothecin sodium salt or suspension can inhibit mouse sarcoma-180, sarcoma-37, L-615 leukemia, rat WACKER cancer, Yoshida sarcoma and other animal tumors. The therapeutic effect of rat Yoshida sarcoma is particularly good. The conventional treatment amount can prolong the survival time of leukemia and Yoshida sarcoma animals by 90%. If 3 times the conventional dose is given once every 3 days, the same effect can be obtained for ascites Yoshida sarcoma. However, with a 10-times dose of 1 impact, the efficacy was reduced, and the toxicity was too large, which caused more animal deaths. The weight inhibition rate of subcutaneously inoculated Yoshida sarcoma was 60%, and it significantly inhibited the ascites and dysentery of mice with Ehrlich cancer Cell growth. Furthermore, hydroxycamptothecin and methoxycamptothecin were isolated from camptothecin and had similar effects to camptothecin L-1210. The main anti-cancer group in camptothecin was -hydroxy-lactone. ring. It is clinically used for gastric cancer, intestinal cancer, rectal cancer, esophageal cancer, tracheal cancer, and bone marrow leukemia. The principle of action has not been elucidated. It is mainly in the nucleus, which reduces mitosis. Large doses of camptothecin can reduce the phosphorus content of ribonucleic acid in the liver, thereby inhibiting nucleic acid metabolism.

Campus clinical application

Treatment of Camptotheca acuminatum to treat gastric cancer, colon and rectal cancer. According to observations in some cases, the effective cases are mostly improved after 2 to 4 weeks of medication, such as increased appetite, weight gain, tumor mass reduction, or smaller barium meal examination lesions. It also has a certain effect on lung cancer, esophageal cancer, lymphosarcoma, bladder cancer, malignant hydatidiform mole and chorionic epithelial cancer, cylindrical tumor adenocarcinoma in head and neck cancer, and leukemia. The effectiveness of liver cancer is low, and it can easily cause adverse consequences such as liver bleeding when used in large doses. Unfortunately, the short-term effect after treatment is significant, but the remission period is short, the effect is poor when repeated medication, and because of its large toxic response, some patients are often forced to discontinue using the drug for a longer period of time. Therefore, when the tumor shrinks to a point where it cannot be further reduced, radiation therapy or surgical resection should be sought in order to achieve the goal of radical cure. Preparations, usage and dosage: Camptothecin: intravenous injection-conventional dosage is 5-10 mg, plus 20 ml of normal saline once daily; or 15-20 mg, add 20 ml of normal saline, once every other day, total The amount is 100 mg as a course of treatment. For large doses, use 20 mg, add 20 ml of normal saline once a day, and take a total of 300 mg as a course of treatment. Arterial injection-a small number of patients with liver cancer or head and neck tumors are injected with arterial cannula; a small number of patients with gastric cancer are injected into the gastric omentum artery during surgery. 5-10 mg each time, add 10-20 ml of normal saline; or add 250 ml of normal saline to the arterial infusion, once a day. Intrapleural injection-for patients with cancerous pleural effusion and ascites. After pumping (please extract as much as possible of pleural effusion and ascites), add 10-20 mg or 30 mg of saline to 20 or 30 ml, and inject it twice a week. Local tumor injection-5 to 10 mg each time directly into the metastatic mass, once a day or every other day. Bladder perfusion-20 or 30 milligrams of saline is added to 20 or 30 milliliters of saline, and the bladder is perfused after emptying the urine. 1 time a day, usually 3 times in a row; or 2 to 3 times a week. In addition, there are still uses such as intramuscular injection and acupoint injection. campus fruit extract: the daily amount is about 2 to 3 dollars of raw medicine, divided into 3 to 4 times. Injection-8 grams of crude drug per 2 ml. Intramuscular injection, intravenous injection or intravenous infusion of 2-8 ml. Camptothecin has considerable toxicity, mainly in the digestive system, urinary system, and inhibition of hematopoietic function. Such as loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, hematuria, white blood cell decline and so on. In some cases, severe hair loss, rash, uncontrollable diarrhea (risk of death if measures are not taken in a timely manner), extra-contractual contractions, palpitations, neuropsychiatric symptoms, etc. The camptothecin extract has less side effects than camptothecin, mainly gastrointestinal reactions, cystitis reactions are rare, bone marrow suppression is not serious, and it can be used for a long term at a certain dose for more than 3 months.

For the treatment of psoriasis, take 20% Camptotheca ointment for external application and intramuscular injection with Camptotheca injection (containing 3 grams of crude drug per ml), 6-9 grams each time, 3 times a day, or 9 grams each time 2 times a day. Observation of 31 cases, 6 cases were cured, 15 cases were cured recently, and 10 cases were significantly improved. On average, the effect can be seen in about 1 week, and the scales gradually fall off and become locally smooth. The cure time for cured cases ranges from 25 to 56 days. It has a better effect on new cases and those who have not received treatment with mustard gas ointment, and the scale has a slower effect than those with fixed scale and difficult to peel off. During the treatment, 2 cases were injected by injection alone, and the effect was not significant after 2 weeks of observation. However, 1 case was cured by single application of ointment. After half a year's observation, about 2/3 of the patients had mild redness or erosion in the scrotal skin during the treatment; some patients had skin redness and irritation in the area around the medication; most patients had no changes in blood and urine, and no liver function. No gastrointestinal reaction.

In the treatment of schistosomiasis, hepatosplenomegaly was intramuscularly injected with 100% hibark injection once a day, 2 ml each time, and the treatment period was 10-15 days. Every treatment interval is 3 to 5 days. Observation of 17 cases, except for individual spleen swelling did not show improvement, the rest of the liver and splenomegaly reduced to varying degrees, the vast majority of conscious symptoms disappeared.

For the treatment of mycosis fungales, intramuscular injection of Camptotheca acuminata (containing 1g of Camptotheca acuminata per milliliter) was intramuscularly administered twice a day, 3ml each time; at the same time, 20% camptotheca ointment was applied to the skin lesions. A patient with a history of 6 years was treated with a plaque of 12 × 18 cm on the right cheek and 2.5 cm above the skin surface. The lower eyelid was valgus due to plaque redness and swelling, and plaques of various sizes were scattered on the limbs. Nodule. After 11 days of treatment, the plaques and nodules began to soften, and the skin surface of the lesions appeared wrinkles. After 40 days, most of the plaques and nodules were significantly reduced, and the purple-red color was significantly reduced. After 76 days of treatment, all the lesions subsided, and the lesions Only pigmented spots remain, and the lower right eyelid has not turned out. During the treatment, there were reactions such as dry lips, thirst, mild vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, and decreased white blood cells, which gradually recovered after stopping the drug and adding vitamin B4.

Campus notes

Shanghai "Chinese Herbal Medicine": It is generally believed that the effect of fruit is better than that of root bark, but it is more toxic.

Camptotheca

The whole plant contains camptothecin, the root content is about 0.008%, and the root, root bark, bark, fruit, and branch contents are respectively 1: 2: 1: 2.5: 0.4. Roots still contain camptothecin, i.e., anisine, 3,3 ', 4-trimethyl and gallic acid and sitosterol. Dried wood also contains hydroxycamptothecin and methoxycamptothecin. The fruit also contains hydroxycamptothecin, deoxycamptothecin, camptothecin, betulinic acid, and camptoside vincalactam.