What Is Erythema Toxicum?

Erythema toxin is an exotoxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus, which can cause scarlet fever-like rash.

Erythrotoxin

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Erythema toxin is an exotoxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus, which can cause scarlet fever-like rash.

Chinese name

Erythrotoxin

Foreign name

Erythema toxins

Nature

toxin

Generation source

[Spot rash] Dot into a large piece, red or purple, the one that is not affected by the hand is called "spot", which is mostly caused by hot stagnation and yang, and is caused by blood and blood. It is shaped like corn, red or purple, and it rises above the skin. The one that touches the hand is called "rash" (but there are some that are not higher than the skin and it doesn't touch the hand), mostly due to wind and heat Stagnation, internal closed camps, from the blood network to the skin.

What causes macular rash?

I. Microorganisms (I) Viruses

1. Measles measles virus is caused by droplets transmitted through the respiratory tract and the conjunctiva of the eye.

2. Caused by rubella rubella virus, droplets are transmitted through the respiratory tract.

3 Early childhood rash has been proven to be transmitted by the human herpes virus, respiratory tract.

4 Infectious erythema has been confirmed as human parvovirus transmitted through the respiratory tract.

5. E.coli rash respiratory infection.

6. Infectious mononucleosis is caused by EB virus infection, droplet infection or direct contact.

7. In recent years, pityriasis rosea has been reported to be caused by Coxsackie's group B virus. Contact infection.

8. Epidemic hemorrhagic fever is transmitted by arbovirus. Rodents for vector.

9. Atypical measles syndrome measles virus infection. After more than ten years of measles vaccination, antibodies in blood dropped, and re-infection caused the disease.

(B) bacterial infections

1. Scarlet fever is a type B hemolytic streptococcal infection. Toxins produced by the bacteria cause macular rash and poisoning symptoms.

2. Erysipelas is a group A type B hemolytic streptococcus transmitted through skin trauma, and fever and local swelling are caused by bacterial toxins.

3 The erysipelas is an infection of swine erysipelas, which is often caused by contact with pork, fish, and leather through scratching fingers.

4 Staphylococcus aureus pharyngitis causes scarlet fever-like rash caused by erythema toxin produced by the bacteria's exotoxin.

5. Streptococcal pharyngitis causes fever and measles-type erythema caused by toxins from the bacteria.

6. Soft tissue trauma infectious scarlet fever is more common with S. aureus.

7. The typhoid pathogen is Gram-negative typhoid. Digestive tract infection, roseola is bacteremia formed by emboli.

8. Untyped leprosy and tuberculosis-like leprosy are caused by Mycobacterium leprae.

(Three) Borrelia infection

1. The secondary syphilis rash is transmitted by Treponema pallidum. It is mainly transmitted by unclean sex, blood transfusion, fetal transmission, and organ transplantation. Causes bacteremia to spread throughout the body.

2. Lyme disease is transmitted by Borrelia burgdorferi through tick bite, causing migratory erythema in the bite.

(4) Rickettsia infection

Causes epidemic typhus. Infected by lice.

(5) Chlamydia

It is transmitted to humans by the bird parrot chlamydia, and parrot fever occurs.

Second, physical factors

(1) Fire-induced erythema

Caused by vascular dilatation and congestion caused by long-term fire, hot compress and infrared radiation.

(Two) frostbite erythema

Long-term cold arterioles contract, long-term vascular paralysis and dilatation, venous congestion, poor local blood circulation, and purple-red watery erythema occur.

(Three) phototoxic erythema

For intense sunlight. Longer time, causing skin damaging erythema.

(D) Photoallergic erythema

Exposure to asphalt, coal tar, or taking photosensitive drugs such as sulfa and tetracycline. Allergic erythema is induced by sunlight.

(E) Plant Solar Erythema

It is also photoallergic.

(6) Light-like reticulocyte hyperplasia

Allergic to visible light and ultraviolet light.

(7) Diaper Dermatitis

Due to the diaper's wet and hot decomposition of urine, ammonia is produced and local erythema occurs.

Third, allergy

(A) erythematous rash caused by drugs

1. Fixed erythema drug rashes are mostly caused by sulfa drugs, antipyretic and analgesics, such as Somitong, Santong tablets, and tetracycline.

2. Measles-like and scarlet fever-like drug rashes are late-type allergies, and amikacin, sulfa, antipyretic and analgesics, and penicillin are common.

3 Erythrodermic drug eruption can be transformed from aggravated measles type, or it can occur suddenly.

4 Facial butterfly lupus erythematosus-like syndrome is more common in older patients. Often caused by penicillamine, phenytoin, procainamide.

5. Common drugs for erythema multiforme erythema are sulfa.

(B) other skin allergic diseases

1. Allergic subseptic erythema may be related to streptococcus, staphylococcus, tetanus serum, and pollen.

2. Disseminated eosinophilic collagen is often associated with atopic dermatitis and asthma.

3 Seasonal contact facial dermatitis is allergic to pollen.

4 Contact dermatitis is a type IV delayed allergic reaction.

5. Facial recurrent dermatitis may be related to cosmetics and autonomic disorders.

Animals and insects

(1) Infection of larvae-like lower body erysipelas dermatitis mosquito bites.

(Two) rash-like erythema

Caused by fly maggots, maxillofacial worms and their larvae.

(Three) trichome erythema

The common ones are pine caterpillars, mulberry caterpillars, cryptopterids, and sting caterpillars.

(D) Dory Dermatitis

The jellyfish's tentacles and prickly sacs contain jellyfish toxin, which contains proteins and peptides that cause serious reactions.

(5) Rice field dermatitis

Erythema was erythematous when schistosoma cercariae entered human skin.

(6) Snake bites

The poisonous venom of the viper snake contains neurotoxins and cyclic toxins that cause dyskinesia, difficulty swallowing, and respiratory paralysis; cyclic toxins are manifested as bleeding, heart failure and death.

Five, autoimmune

(1) Lupus autoimmune is the main mechanism. But genetic factors, sunlight, estrogen, and viral infections are also related.

(B) Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

(3) Behcet syndrome can occur with erythema polymorpha.

Six, congenital heredity

(A) toxic erythema in newborns

(2) Congenital ichthyosis erythroderma is an autosomal recessive genetic disease.

Unexplained reasons

(A) Simple annular erythema.

(B) Lame erythema.

(3) Telecentric annular erythema.

(4) Persistent pigmented erythema.

Metabolism and nutritional disorders

(1) Desquamative erythroderma is also called leiner disease. It mostly occurs in breast-fed infants, often within 1 month. Caused by lack of vitamin B group and vitamin H.

(B) Bud spots are caused by vitamin A deficiency.

(3) Pellagra is caused by a deficiency of niacin and sunlight, causing brown-red rough keratinized spots on the backs of hands and feet with clear boundaries.

Nine, tumor

(1) Carcinoid syndrome The peptide hormone serotonin is produced by carcinoids, causing paroxysmal erythema on the face, neck and chest.

(2) Glucoma tumor syndrome can recur in migratory necrotizing erythema.

Ten, other

(1) Palm erythema occurs in the palm of the hand, and is red and congested erythema. It is often associated with spider nevus and is a complication of visceral disease or skin disease. It is found in pregnancy, liver disease, rheumatoid arthritis, hereditary hand and foot hyperhidrosis, red pityriasis, psoriasis, and eczema.

(2) Etiology of reticular erythematous proteinopathy.