What Is Hypochlorhydria?

Sodium dichloroisocyanurate is a white powder or granular solid. It is a broad-spectrum, high-level, low-toxic, medium-irritant disinfectant in oxidizing fungicides. It is also the leading chloroisocyanuric acid. product. It can kill bacterial spores, bacterial propagules, fungi and other pathogenic microorganisms. It has certain killing effect on hepatitis virus, and it can inhibit blue-green algae, red algae, seaweed and other algae such as circulating water, cooling towers, ponds and other systems. Plants have a role. It has a killing effect on sulfate reducing bacteria, iron bacteria, fungi, etc. in the circulating water system.

Dichloroisocyanuric acid is a high-efficiency, broad-spectrum, new systemic fungicide with a strong killing effect. At 20ppm, the bactericidal rate reaches 99%. Can kill a variety of bacteria, algae, fungi and germs. The chemical properties of sodium dichloroisocyanurate are stable, and the available chlorine drop within half a year of storage under dry conditions is convenient for storage and transportation; it is safe, easy to use, low in dosage, and long-lasting.

The mechanism of sodium dichloroisocyanurate is: spraying on the surface of the crop can slowly release hypochlorous acid, by denaturing the bacterial protein, changing the membrane permeability, interfering with the physiology and biochemistry of the enzyme system and affecting DNA synthesis, etc. Pathogens die quickly.

Shape: white crystalline powder, granules, tablets

Melting point: 240 ° C to 250 ° C, decomposition above the melting point

Density: 0.74g / cm3.

Solubility: easily soluble in water

Aqueous solution pH: 1% aqueous solution pH 5.5 6.5

Odor: Obviously chlorine

Chemical properties: A very strong disinfectant, oxidant, bleach and chlorinating agent. ^[1]

Toxicity: LD50: 1420 mg / kg (rat orally), low toxicity. Dust is irritating to the nose and throat. High concentration inhalation causes bronchospasm, dyspnea and suffocation. Very high concentration ^[2]

Appearance: white powder or granule with obvious chlorine smell

Effective chlorine content% : powdery 56%; granules 60%

PH value of 1% solution: powder 5.5-7.0; granule 5.5-7.0

Moisture%: powdery 5-12; granules 2-7

CAS number: 2893-78-9

Sodium dichloroisocyanurate is widely used in sterilization and algae sterilization of circulating water systems in power plants, petroleum, chemical, textile, and electronics industries, and completely kills the proliferation of bacteria, algae, and other pipelines, heat exchangers, and cooling towers. Solve the problem of slime clogging and corrosion of pipelines caused by bacteria and algae; bleaching, disinfection and fungicides with excellent performance in the daily chemical and textile industries; disinfection of water bodies and breeding sites in animal husbandry, aquaculture, etc .; Fungi, bacteria and other diseases of crops have special effects; cleaning and disinfection in the food and beverage processing industry, as a disinfectant for swimming pools and disinfection in hospitals, hotels and other public places.

Sodium dichloroisocyanurate is packed in woven bags, plastic drums or cardboard drums: 25KG / bag, 25KG / barrel, 50KG / barrel.

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat sources. Protect from direct sunlight. The packaging must be sealed and protected from moisture. It should be stored separately from flammable (combustible) materials, ammonium salts, nitrides, oxidants, and alkalis, and should not be mixed. The storage area should be equipped with suitable materials to contain spills.

Sodium dichloroisocyanurate is often used in combination with phosphates, silicates, surfactants, acid salts, basic salts, and neutral salts to enhance its ability to complex calcium, its ability to control water hardness, Detergency and acidity.

The cleaning of tableware requires high decontamination ability, sterilization ability, softened water ability and certain dissolution speed, and at the same time, it is necessary to protect the metal from corrosion . Typical formula : sodium dichloroisocyanurate 3.5% (mass, same below), sodium tripolyphosphate 30%, sodium orthosilicate hydrate 5% -10%, cationic surfactant 5%, soda ash amount.

Typical formula for washing wool products : (1) 0.5 parts of sodium dichloroisocyanurate (mass, same below), 0.15 parts of acetic acid, 0.02 parts of wetting agent, 600 parts of water, 200 parts of wool fabric, soaking time at room temperature is 0.5h (2) 0.5 parts of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 0.15 parts of peroxyacetic acid, 0.02 parts of wetting agent, 600 parts of water, and 200 parts of wool fabric.

Cotton fabrics for hotels and restaurants, such as pillow towels, towels, sheets, tablecloths and other utensils disinfection formula : sodium dichloroisocyanurate 18% (quality, the same below), sodium tripolyphosphate 20%, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Sodium 3%, sodium sulfate 34%, sodium carbonate 25%, available chlorine 10%.

Disinfection formula under alkaline conditions : 25% sodium dichloroisocyanurate (mass, same below), 10% trisodium phosphate, 65% sodium sulfate, and 13.9% effective chlorine.

Disinfection formula under acidic conditions : sodium dichloroisocyanurate 28% (mass, same below), sodium sulfate 42%, sodium hydrogen phosphate 30%, effective chloric acid 15.5%.

Disinfection formula under neutral conditions: sodium dichloroisocyanurate 34% ~ 40% (quality, the same below), sodium sulfate 60% ~ 66%, effective chlorine 18.9% ~ 22.4%.

The raw materials for the production of sodium dichloroisocyanurate are mainly cyanuric acid, caustic soda and chlorine gas. The main production methods are three methods: dichloroisocyanuric acid method, sodium hypochlorite method, and trichloroisocyanuric acid .

Sodium dichloroisocyanurate method

process:

Dissolve cyanuric acid and caustic soda in a 1: 2 ratio (molar ratio) to disodium cyanuric acid, pass chlorine gas into the chlorination reaction to produce dichloroisocyanuric acid slurry, and centrifuge to obtain wet dichloroisocyanuric acid; Then it is put into the mother liquor of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, and the caustic soda is added dropwise at a ratio of 1: 1 (molar ratio) to neutralize the reaction. After the reaction is completed, it is cooled, crystallized, and filtered to obtain wet sodium dichloroisocyanurate. After drying, sodium dichloroisocyanurate or its dihydrate compound product is obtained.

advantage:

(1) Co-production of dichloroisocyanuric acid and sodium dichloroisocyanurate can be realized, of which dichloroisocyanuric acid is also an important variety of chloroisocyanuric acid products and can be used as a disinfectant

(2) High product quality. Because the solubility of dichloroisocyanuric acid in water is only 0.7%, the sodium chloride produced by the reaction can be basically washed clean, and no other impurities are generated in the neutralization reaction, so the product has higher purity and less salt content;

(3) Low raw material consumption.

Disadvantages:

(1) Dichloroisocyanuric acid is relatively corrosive, and requires high corrosion protection of reactors and centrifuge equipment, and equipment investment is relatively large;

(2) Chlorinated tail gas absorbs more by-products of sodium hypochlorite.

Sodium hypochlorite method

Because this process can consume a large amount of sodium hypochlorite solution, it can be used in chlor-alkali plants with a large amount of by-products of sodium hypochlorite.

process:

An aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite having a concentration of 10% to 11% is prepared by reacting chlorine gas and caustic soda. The sodium chloride is reacted with cyanuric acid to produce sodium dichloroisocyanurate and sodium chloride.

In order to control the pH value during the reaction, the method of supplementing chlorine gas can be used to make full use of the reaction raw materials, and the method of neutralization with inorganic acid (such as hydrochloric acid) can also be used.

advantage:

The reaction is performed in a near neutral area, so the requirements for the material of the equipment are not high, and ordinary enamel equipment and stainless steel centrifuge can be used.

Disadvantages:

(1) The quality of the product is slightly worse, generally containing 3% to 4% sodium chloride, and the effective chlorine content of dry products can only reach about 60%;

(2) The dichloride mother liquor in this process contains more sodium dichloroisocyanurate. Due to the high salt content, it cannot be recycled, so the raw material consumption is high.

ways to improve:

(1) Use high concentration sodium hypochlorite (such as 25% ~ 30%) to produce sodium dichloroisocyanurate, which can reduce the product

(2) The use of sodium dichloroisocyanurate mother liquor to produce trichloroisocyanuric acid, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the utilization rate of raw materials.

Metathesis of sodium dichloroisocyanurate and trichloroisocyanuric acid

process:

Cyanuric acid and sodium hydroxide are formulated into a trisodium cyanurate salt at a ratio of 1: 3 (molar ratio), and then chlorinated with chlorine at a certain temperature and centrifuged to obtain wet trichloroisocyanuric acid; and then The cyanuric acid and sodium hydroxide solution were subjected to a metathesis reaction at a ratio of 2: 1: 3 (molar ratio) at 30 to 40 degrees Celsius, cooled, crystallized, filtered, and dried to obtain a powdered sodium dichloroisocyanurate product.

advantage:

(1) Two main chloroisocyanuric acid products, trichloroisocyanuric acid and sodium dichloroisocyanuric acid, can be produced simultaneously, and the production volume of these two products can be adjusted at will according to market demand;

(2) The metathesis reaction uses about 50% sodium hydroxide solution, which can realize the application of the dichloride mother liquor without discharge, and has little environmental pollution;

(3) The reaction yield is high, the product quality is good, and the salt content is small. The effective chlorine content of sodium dichloroisocyanurate product can reach more than 62%, and the effective chlorine content of dihydrate compounds can also reach 55%;

(4) The synthesis of trichloroisocyanuric acid can adopt continuous chlorination process, and the production is safe and reliable.

Disadvantages:

(1) The process of synthesizing trichloroisocyanuric acid has high requirements on the reaction and centrifugal separation equipment, and the equipment investment is large;

(2) In the production of trichloroisocyanuric acid, the chlorinated tail gas contains a large amount of unreacted chlorine gas, which is generally absorbed by sodium hydroxide to generate sodium hypochlorite, so a large amount of by-product sodium hypochlorite is generated.