What Is Oral Lichen Planus?

Oral lichen planus is a common chronic oral mucosal skin disease and is generally not contagious. The pathogenesis of the disease is not completely clear. Current research shows that its pathogenesis and mental factors (such as fatigue, anxiety, tension), immune factors, endocrine factors, infection factors, microcirculation disorders, trace element deficiency, and certain systemic diseases (Diabetes, infection, hypertension, digestive tract disorders). Certain medicines such as methyldopa, apine, chloroquine, amiconazole, kibbuton, quinidine, etc., and some Chinese medicines, or when there are metal fillers or restorations in the oral cavity, Lichen planus-like changes may appear, or the original lichen planus may be aggravated, and the lesions may be significantly reduced or disappeared after the use of suspicious drugs or replacement of fillers and prostheses.

Oral cavity

The pathogenesis of the disease is not completely clear. Current research shows that its pathogenesis and mental factors (such as fatigue, anxiety, tension), immune factors, endocrine factors, infection factors, microcirculation disorders, trace element deficiency, and certain systemic diseases (

At present, immunology is favored. Cell-mediated local immune response disorder plays an important role in the development of OLP. Immunopathological studies have shown that the immunoglobulin deposits in the epithelial basement membrane region of OLP are mainly IgM, and there may also be colloid bodies of IgG and C3.

Incomplete epithelial keratosis, liquefaction and degeneration of basal cells, and dense lymphocyte infiltration in the lamina propria. The granular layer is obvious, and the majority of the spinous layer is hypertrophic, and a few are atrophied and thinned. The epithelial studs are irregularly extended, and the lower end sometimes becomes sharp and jagged. Basal cells are disorderly arranged, the boundaries of the basement membrane are blurred, and those with obvious liquefaction and degeneration of the basement cells can form subepithelial vesicles. Eosinophilic red-stained colloid bodies can be seen in the spinous layer, basal layer, or lamina propria.

The etiology of OLP is not clear, and there is currently no effective method for radical cure. The principle of treatment is to carefully inquire about the medical history, understand the general condition, and adjust the mental state. Such as mental state, sleep, menstrual conditions, digestive tract conditions, etc.

Regular follow-up is required, and the cancer rate is less than 1%.

1. Maintain oral hygiene and eliminate the stimulating effects of local factors.

2. Establish a healthy lifestyle and actively prevent and treat systemic diseases.

3. Pay attention to adjusting the diet structure and nutrition mix, quit smoking and spicy food.

4. Maintain an optimistic and cheerful mental state and relieve anxiety.

5. Regular oral inspection and health care. ^[3]

1. Patients with systemic diseases;

2. Changes in lesions during treatment;

3. Epithelial hyperplasia or cancer;

4. Complications during treatment.

When mutation occurs, relevant examinations (blood cell analysis, immune function, combined bacteriocin test, gastrointestinal examination, biopsy, etc.) are needed for diagnosis and treatment, as well as consultation in related subjects. ^[1]

1. Maintain oral hygiene and eliminate the stimulating effects of local factors.

2. Establish a healthy lifestyle and actively prevent and treat systemic diseases.

3. Pay attention to adjusting the diet structure and nutrition mix, quit smoking and spicy food.

4. Maintain an optimistic and cheerful mental state and relieve anxiety.

5. Regular oral inspection and health care. ^{[1] [3] [2]}