What Is Oral Syphilis?

Maxillofacial syphilis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum (TP), which can be divided into congenital and acquired by the way of infection. Acquired syphilis can be divided into one, two, three stages and hidden syphilis. Maxillofacial syphilis damage is a local manifestation of systemic disease, and the treatment is mainly systemic.

Maxillofacial syphilis

Maxillofacial syphilis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum (TP). It can be divided into

From the way of infection can be divided into acquired syphilis and congenital syphilis. Acquired syphilis is mostly infected by sexual behavior. Very few patients can be transmitted by kissing, sharing eating utensils, smoking pipes, toys, and breastfeeding; there are also people infected by blood transfusion. Congenital syphilis means that Treponema pallidum in the mother's body invades the placental villi by maternal blood, and then invades the fetus along the lymph space or blood flow around the umbilical vein. Fetal infection with syphilis occurs at 4 months of gestation, after placental circulation has been established.

The first and second stages are early syphilis, and most of them show symptoms within 4 years after infection and are highly contagious; the third stage syphilis, also known as late syphilis, is manifested after 4 years of infection and is generally not contagious. Recessive syphilis refers to those who have no clinical symptoms except for seropositivity after infection. It can also be divided into early and late stages based on 4 years after infection. Recessive syphilis can be asymptomatic throughout life, but there are also asymptomatic early and late onset.

Congenital syphilis can also be divided into two stages: those who develop disease within the age of 4 are early medical education |

(1) Acquired syphilis: According to the course of the disease, there are three main manifestations, namely the lip lip, syphilis rash, and gum-like swelling (syphilis tumor).

In addition to soft tissue, syphilitic gum edema can also affect the maxillofacial bone and periosteal tissue. Hard palate is the most common, followed by alveolar process and nasal septum of maxillary incisors. Occasionally can be seen in the sacrum, mandibular corner.

The palatal gum-like swelling is often located in the midline of the palate (sometimes primary in the nasal septum) and is nodular or diffuse. Gum-like swelling infiltrates quickly softens, forming ulcers. At the beginning, the bottom surface of the ulcer is bone, and later the bone is necrotic. After the dead bone falls off, the perforation of the palate remains.

It should be based on detailed and accurate comprehensive analysis and judgment based on medical history, clinical findings, and laboratory examinations. Histopathological examination is feasible when necessary.

Maxillofacial syphilis damage is a local manifestation of systemic disease and should be treated systemically. After the systemic and local syphilis lesions are basically controlled, the repair and correction of the tissue defects and deformities left by the lesions are considered.