What Is Oxygen Pulse?

According to incomplete statistics, pulse charging is divided into: negative pulse, positive pulse, positive and negative pulse, and can also be divided into low frequency, high frequency and frequency conversion (sweep frequency).

Pulse charging

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According to incomplete statistics, pulse charging is divided into: negative

That is, the battery is pulsed intermittently during charging. In theory, the polarization voltage generated in the battery during charging will hinder its own charging, especially in the late stage of fast charging, which will significantly increase the gas output rate and temperature rise. The magnitude of the polarization voltage will change with the change of the charging current. . When you stop charging, the resistance polarization disappears, the concentration polarization and the electrochemical polarization gradually weaken; if you provide a discharge channel for the battery to discharge in the reverse direction, the electrochemical polarization will quickly disappear, and the temperature in the battery will also decrease. Reduced by discharge. Therefore, during the charging process of the battery, the charging is suspended in a timely manner, and the discharge pulse is appropriately added, which can quickly and effectively eliminate various polarization voltages, thereby increasing the charging speed. Therefore, in order to reduce the loss of water, lower the temperature, reduce the charging voltage limit and simplify the circuit configuration during fast charging, negative pulse charging has become the first choice of many manufacturers. However, it has little effect on desulfurization and balance, and consumes large amounts of energy and heat. It is not an ideal charging mode. The so-called negative pulses of some manufacturers are just intermittent charging or discharging when the charging current is not interrupted. The battery is really discharged very little, the effect is small, and the hype component is large)

The main effect of high-voltage and large-current instantaneous positive pulse is to desulfurize, and the repair effect on battery capacity reduction due to sulfurization is obvious. Currently, the main working path of battery repair machines on the market is theoretically that the positive pulse desulfurization mechanism is: the lead of the negative electrode when the battery is discharged It reacts with sulfuric acid to produce lead sulfate. The newly generated lead sulfate exists in a soluble, conductive ionic state. If the charge is not reduced in time, the lead sulfate molecules will combine with each other to form a poorly soluble and insulating large molecular lead sulfate crystal, forming a battery. Non-quasi-sulfatable-sulfurization.
Physically speaking, any insulating layer can break down at a sufficiently high voltage. Once the insulating layer is broken down, the coarse lead sulfate will be in a conductive state, and lead and sulfuric acid will be regenerated under the strong redox effect of the current to participate in the electrochemical reaction. If the pulse width is short enough, under the condition of ensuring that the coarse lead sulfate crystals are broken down, the simultaneous micro-charging does not have time to form outgassing. In this way, pulse desulfurization can be achieved without damaging the battery.
The best time period to achieve pulse desulfurization is the later stage of charging, that is, the three-stage trickle pressure holding stage. At this time, the high-voltage pulse current applied is relatively small to be absorbed and shunted. Because the pulse width is relatively narrow and there are shunts of other substances, the energy for desulfurization is limited. The short-term pulse desulfurization repair is limited. The long-term use of the pulse repair charger will be better.
At present, many manufacturers have successively introduced pulse-type chargers. After incomplete detection, there is a small pulse current amplitude (<2a, a large pulse width (seconds)), and a short pulse period (a manufacturer's timing in Guangdong is about 60 seconds). The pulse charger can not find the pulse waveform after testing, which is purely hype and deceives consumers.

1. For positive and negative pulses, high-frequency pulses (8.333khz frequency conversion pulses, or high cost, or technical reasons (really effective pulse chargers are very difficult to eliminate noise and interference during pulses, it is very difficult) is still at the conceptual stage It is difficult to find products in the market. Once it was on the market, it was difficult for users to accept because of the high price, and it was not widely used.

Because nickel-cadmium batteries are easily polarized during conventional charging, conventional constant-voltage or constant-current charging will continue to generate hydrogen and oxygen gas in the electrolyte. Under the action of internal high voltage, the oxygen penetrates into the negative electrode and the cadmium plate to generate CdO, which results in extreme polarity. The effective capacity of the board decreased. Pulse charging generally uses the charging and discharging method, that is, charging for 5 seconds and charging for 1 second. In this way, most of the oxygen generated during the charging process is reduced to the electrolyte under the discharge pulse, which can greatly reduce the amount of outgassing. Reducing the amount of outgassing can naturally eliminate the concentration polarization and ohmic polarization, thereby reducing lead-acid batteries The internal pressure of the pulse makes the next stage of pulse constant current charging more smoothly, so that the lead-acid battery can absorb more power.

The intermittent pulse enables the lead-acid battery to have a sufficient chemical reaction time, thereby reducing the amount of outgassing of the lead-acid battery during the charging process, and improving the acceptable charging current of the lead-acid battery.

The pulse charging method charges for 5 seconds, stops charging for 1 second, and so on. This charging method will cause the oxygen and hydrogen produced by the lead-acid battery to be charged during ^[1] stop charging pulse, and most of the precipitated oxygen and hydrogen will be reduced to the electrolyte, which not only reduces the lead acid The internal electrochemical side reaction of the battery during the charging process-the amount of gas evolved from the electrolysis of water, and also has a repair effect on the lead-acid battery that has been severely polarized to cause failure. After 5-10 charges and discharges, the capacity of the lead-acid battery will gradually recover.