What is Retinopathy?

Retinopathy is an eye disease. There are five common retinal diseases: vascular and vascular system diseases. Such as retinal vascular occlusion, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, hematopathy and diabetic fundus disease. Retinal inflammation. It is closely related to the mutual influence of choroiditis and optic neuritis. retinal detachment. Refers to the separation of the retinal nerve layer from the pigment epithelium. Retinal degeneration and malnutrition. With genetic factors. retinal tumor. Among them, retinoblastoma is more common.

Retinal disease

Overview of Retinal Diseases

Causes of Retinal Disease

The cause of retinal disease is unknown. At present, it is thought that it is caused by the growth of new blood vessels under the macular retina, which originates from the choroid. The pathological change was granulomatous inflammation.

Retinal disease symptoms

Symptoms of retinopathy are central vision loss, central dark spots, and deformed vision. No inflammatory changes in the vitreous. The fundus has yellowish-gray exudative lesions and hemorrhage in the macula, round or oval, with unclear borders, and slight bulges, about 1/4 to 3/2 optic disc diameter (PD). Below 1PD is more common. Curved or ring-shaped bleeding at the edge of the lesion, and occasional radial bleeding. There is a pigmented disorder around the lesion. Most of the lesions are centered in the fovea, with a radius of 1 PD. At the end of the course, yellow-white scars formed in the macula.

Retinal disease diagnosis

1. Ophthalmoscope is a common method to observe the shape of the fundus. The indirect ophthalmoscope has a large visual field and a strong three-dimensional sense. The combined scleral compression can be used to detect the far peripheral part, so it is clinically versatile.

2, Slit lamp combined with a variety of front mirrors or three-sided mirror inspection can also carefully observe the various parts of the fundus.

3. Ultrasound can understand the posterior segment of the eye when the refractive medium is cloudy, and can diagnose and differentiate the posterior segment mass.

4. Fundus fluorescein angiography can understand the situation of the retina and choroidal circulatory system, and indocyanine green vascular radiography can more clearly and intuitively understand the choroidal blood circulation dynamics.

5. In recent years, the application of clinical optical coherence tomography is a non-contact, non-invasive imaging technology with high resolution. It is used for the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, disease tracking and efficacy evaluation of posterior segment, especially macular disease Has important value.

6. Electroretinogram can diagnose the retinopathy according to the abnormality of each band.

7. The electrooculogram mainly reflects the functional status of RPE.

Retinal disease treatment

Drug treatment is not effective. Laser photocoagulation is currently an effective method for treating choroidal neovascularization. In the active phase, the lesion is located outside the 1/4 PD of the macular center, and laser treatment is feasible.