What is Sensory Integration Dysfunction?

In the 1970s, countries with earlier urbanization in Europe, America, Japan and other countries had increasingly serious problem children. After hundreds of experts studied it, it was first introduced by Dr. J. Ayres of the University of Southern California in 1972. Put forward the theory of sensory integration. Sensory integration means that the human body effectively utilizes its own senses in the environment, obtains different sensory information (view, hearing, smell, taste, touch, vestibule, proprioception, etc.) from the outside world and inputs them to the brain. The ability to respond adaptively. Insufficient sensory integration or sensory integration dysfunction will affect the coordinated play of various functional areas of the brain, sensory organs and the body, causing problems in learning and life.

Sensory training

In the 1970s, countries with earlier urbanization developments such as Europe, the United States, and Japan, the problem children became more and more serious. After joint research by hundreds of experts, it was finally released in 1972.

What is sensory training? What can it do?

This question is answered in several ways:

1. Frequent problems and causes in children's growth

2,

The sensory integration training system is a virtual rehabilitation training environment created for children through the latest multimedia technology. It includes a variety of training programs, combined with the most scientific physical training equipment, so that the teaching content is rich and diverse, and it effectively improves the child's skin touch. , Vestibular sensation and proprioception, to achieve the connection and coordination of various functions of the brain and body, thereby promoting the development of children's brain and body.

The term of sensory integration was proposed by Shrttinhyot C.S (1960) and Lashley K.S (1960), and it is widely used in behavioral and neuroscience research. AyresA.J first proposed the Sensory Integration Theory systematically in 1972 based on the study of brain function. She thinks sensory integration means

Between the vestibular sensory system and the brain. Have a very close relationship.

Visual beating is originally a natural phenomenon of infants and young children, such as fish, geckos and other animals. The vision of human eyes is inherently unstable, so infants and young children are most fond of looking at moving objects outside the window. Anything that beats Something quiet attracts his attention.

But with the increase of age and activity, the baby's sense of learning "gazes far away, and the vision gradually stabilizes. After the vision is stabilized, it can move left and right and up and down, which is also the beginning of reading. But the environment is bad. Or children with insufficient crawling. The vision is not easy to mature, so even if these children are around 4 years old, their vision is still unstable and they cannot move smoothly. Therefore, reading will skip words and lines. Seriously unable to read, it is difficult to do arithmetic correctly Grasp the numbers and get tired of your eyes when doing homework, resulting in insufficient learning ability.

Human ears form the earliest, but the earliest achievements, so hearing affects brain growth the most during infants and young children. In the early years, young children's hearing was weak, so they couldn't stand too high and too loud sounds. Grandparents brought a lot of noise, too much environmental noise, and parents had bad tempers. Frequent blame will cause young children to form a self-protective film on hearing in order to protect the brain's stimulation of the sound, and develop the habit of refusing to listen to other people's speeches. When such children grow up. Hearing is poor, easy to forget, unable to communicate with others, queer temperament, unfocused in class, and naturally has obstacles to study.

Gravity, also known as gravity, has the greatest influence on humans. Humans learn about turning, crawling, sitting, standing, running, etc. Everything is related to the sense of gravity, and it is the vestibular omentum that masters the sense of gravity. Vestibular omentum can not only master the operation of the body. It can also coordinate the body and the surrounding environment, that is, the correct grasp of the sense of balance, direction, and distance. Therefore, the coordination and control function of the vestibular omentum is insufficient. All a sense of gravity. The balance will be out of order.

The fetal position is not correct and the activity is insufficient in the early years. Insufficient crawling or prolonged exposure

Humans have thin skin and the most diverse ability to distinguish tactile stimuli. This is also the basis for the unique ability to distinguish, analyze, and organize the human brain. Human beings are different from other animals, and have extensive and delicate learning ability, which is closely related to the diversity and complexity of human tactile learning.

The complexity of tactile sensation also makes the most of the tactile sensation in the brain nerve, so the coordination between the tactile nerve and the external environment is insufficient. Will affect the brain's perception and response to the outside world. Causes tactile sensitivity (too strong defense) or dullness (too weak defense).

Tactile sensitive children. Weak adaptability to external stimuli. So I will be stubborn on familiar experience. It is characterized by stickiness, fear of strangers, dislike of crowding, and lack of self-confidence. Often stubborn in familiar environments and actions, any new learning will be rejected. Don't like the touch of others. It is easy to quarrel with other people in a group and have fewer friends, often lonely.

They often like a special familiar feeling, so they tend to have a habit of partial eclipse, sucking their fingers and touching the genitals; they don't like to be embraced, but they like to embrace others, and often have many incomprehensible behaviors.

Children with slow tactile responses are: slow response, inflexible movements, poor brain discrimination, so they have poor pronunciation or small

We can easily go up and down the stairs without looking at the stairs, or touch the eyebrows or nose with our hands without looking in the mirror. We do not have to lower our heads while driving, and we can switch the brakes at any time when we press the accelerator. Mosquito bites anywhere on the body. Don't look with your eyes. You can hit the mosquito with your hand

Insufficient sensory integration leads to brain insufficiency

The most important thing for human learning is not knowledge. Knowledge is only a tool. How to absorb, digest, and use knowledge is the learning ability. Learning ability is physical sense,

Human beings

In front of the brainstem below the brain, there is a tiny radar-like sensory organ called the vestibule

Without looking at the mirror, we can touch the nose and eyebrows correctly; without looking at the stairs, we can flexibly go up and down the stairs, pat the ball, drive a car, ride a bicycle, swim, coordinate with both hands and feet, and move freely on the body. This is the proprioception.

Language skills include reading, listening, speaking, and writing, and are highly complex neural actions unique to humans.

The most important thing is to find out the root cause. Because children have multiple difficulties in behavior, it is not easy to judge the true cause and the extent of their deficiencies. At present, most of the living data check method is adopted. Parents or teachers fill out checklists for children's behaviors, and then compare them with experienced experts to determine the reasons. However, due to the degree of the fillets, there are often deviations.

If the child's body and behavior can be directly observed, the correctness is higher. In fact, any expression and movement of the child reflects the needs of his body and nervous tissue. The most important thing for the observer is not to criticize the child, and to quietly and objectively examine the child's behavior , You can directly understand the cause and extent of the deficiency.

Children are hyperactive, talkative, timid, and anxious.

Daily observation and timely diagnosis

Sense training, training according to the training content arranged by experts

Create a good environment for children to grow up healthy

The following courses are not suitable for all children and can be used according to the actual situation.

Shofar : Let the child sit on the ball, hold the handlebars with both hands, flex the body, and jump forward. The integration of posture and both sides can promote a high degree of sports planning.

Balance platform : Stand on the balance platform with two feet or one foot, use your hands to do sports such as racket, and keep your body balanced. Strengthen vestibular stimulation and strengthen the body's ability to balance.

Cylindrical suspension cable : The child flexes his body, clings to the cylinder with his hand and keeps his body balanced, and makes a large swing back and forth. Promote physical coordination and integration of inherent vestibular sensory inputs.

Sunshine Tunnel : Let the child lie prone and crawl through the tunnel. Enhances skin contact irritation and regulates vestibular feel.

Kangaroo jump : The child stands in the bag, lifts the bag with both hands, and both feet jump forward. In the jumping action, it strengthens the vestibular stimulation and suppresses allergic messages.

Slide : Prone on the skateboard, grasp the sides of the slide with both hands and slide downwards. When sliding down, stretch your arms forward and your legs together to raise your head. Strongly stimulate the vestibular system, the head and neck muscles contract at the same time, and promote the maturity of the body's protective stretching behavior.

Skateboard climbing : Regulate the vestibular sensation and touch, trigger a rich balanced response, a lot of visual information during exercise, and the proprioception of the spinal cord and limbs, so that the overall sensory integrated operation function is actively developed.

Stick stick : prone in the network cable, with the head raised forward, the instructor assisted in swinging back and forth, let the child insert sticks in order from left to right with both hands in the swing. Strengthen vestibular stimulation and stretch and activate muscles throughout the body.

Footsteps : Relax naturally when walking, body upright, body coordination, concentration. Promote and improve children's balance, help children establish inherent vestibular balance, develop coordination, improve children's attention and observation.

Jumping on the jumping bed : Let the child stand on the jumping bed with both feet jumping together. When jumping, the knees are bent and the heels are kicked to the hips. Strengthen vestibular stimulation, suppress allergic messages, correct gravity instability and insufficient exercise planning.

S-shaped balance beam : Place the balance beam in a high or low direction or side to side. The child is standing on the balance beam, his hands are flat and his head is raised, his feet are alternately walking forward. Contribute to the establishment of children's proprioception and strengthen their balance.

What if children do not pay attention?

Educational Attention Training Program for Children (Phase 1):

The first stage: children's attention training

1. Let the children see the line drawing and count how many lines there are.

2. Ask the child to find the three numbers 8, 12, and 24 in order from 8 to 30 horizontally arranged numbers. Ask them to point out the numbers by hand and read the words as quickly as possible.

3. Let the children find the numbers 1-10 in the vertical numbers in sequence, and ask them to point out the numbers with their hands and say aloud, as soon as possible.

4. Let the children count several clothes racks in the wardrobe where the clothes racks are placed. (Image discrimination training method)

5. Ask the children to find the number corresponding to the number of animals in a picture with multiple animals.

6. The teacher reads the following animal names and fruit names in turn, so that children can clap their hands when they hear the names of the animals, and clap their hands twice when they hear the names of the fruits. (Quick reflection training method) rooster, big tiger, apple, pear, rabbit, banana, giraffe, orange, watermelon, pineapple

7, the teacher said the name of the human organs irregularly, let the children point out quickly. Then change the way, let the children say the names of the human organs, and the teacher points out the corresponding organs.

8. Ask the child to throw a ping-pong ball up, then catch it, and repeat 20 times.

9. The teacher stacked some Michai sticks randomly, asking each Michai stick to be in contact with at least one other, and then let the children pick up the Michai stick one by one. It is required to be as light as possible when picking up Michai sticks, and try not to let other Michai sticks be touched. (Delayed training method)

10. The teacher gives the children many blocks of various shapes, and asks the children to stack these blocks one by one. The higher the stack, the better. When the child is stacking, the teacher should instruct the child to stack as slowly as possible, so that the stack will be higher, and remind the child to pay attention to balance.

11. Have the child look at a picture (or something, a real thing) with several types of animals. It can be viewed within a certain period of time, and the start time can be longer. Reduce the time for viewing. After taking the picture, let the child Name the animals on the picture. If he doesn't remember much, he might classify the animals, such as beasts, birds, and fish, so that he can remember them faster.

12. Ask the child to close his eyes and tell what color of clothes and shoes you are wearing. If you also close your eyes and say the color of your child's clothes and shoes, it will arouse your child's greater interest in this game.

13. Mom and child play this game by phone. Moms can ask their children's home address, home phone number, mom and dad's birthday, especially the name of equal life.

14 Mom can put together small animal toys at home, number each small animal in advance, let each small animal stand on its own number at the beginning, ask the child to remember, and then the mother picks up the number , And mess up the numbers, and then let the children paste their original numbers for each small animal to see if the child can accurately seat the number one by one with the small animal.

16. Baby album: When parents take their children out or travel, they should remind the child what he sees? After returning home, let the child draw all the content he saw during the play with a paintbrush, and assemble these paintings into a booklet. This game must be loved by the child, and he can also practice his drawing skills. When the child grows up, this picture book can also become a souvenir of the child's growth.

Wisdom Angel Education Attention Training Program (Second Stage):

The second phase: Attention and memory training phase

1.Find different training methods

By asking children to look for the differences between the two materials, the goal of training attention and memory is achieved.

2.Find the same training method

Find out the similarities between two materials (or more than two materials), so as to achieve the purpose of training children's attention and memory.

3 , synthetic training method

Example: Parents and children count together, each person counts 3 numbers in order .

For example: father: 1 , 2 , 3 , mother: 4 , 5 , 6,

Children: 7 , 8 , 9

My parents took out some books and placed them neatly on the shelf with the children.

Ask the father to put one book at a time, the child to put two books at a time, and the mother to put three books at a time.

4. Place 7 or 8 chess pieces on the Go board or chess board, let the children watch for 1 minute, then remove them, and then let the children put them on as they are.

Wisdom Angel Children's Educational Attention Training Program (Phase III):

The third stage: memory enhancement training

1. Information reduction training method

A. The teacher put the following toys on the table and let the children watch for one minute. Then the parents asked the children to close their eyes, remove the knife, watch, drinking glass, puppy, and let the children say what was reduced.

Books, cars, pencils, drinking glasses, ragdolls, puppies, watches, scissors, small bottles, hats, knives, buttons

B. The teacher said the first sentence below, then the second sentence, and asked the children to say what the second sentence was less than the first sentence.

The first sentence: There were 5 birds on the tree, 4 flew up, and 1 was left. Later, a very large bird flew to the tree.

Second sentence: There were 5 birds on the tree, 4 flew up, and then 1 came to the tree.

2.Information augmentation training method

A. The teacher reads the first sentence first, then the second sentence, and asks the child to say what the second sentence is more than the first sentence.

First sentence: A big car is packed with many things, there are 2 watermelons, 3 tables, 5 packs of books and a TV.

Second sentence: A big car is packed with many things, there are 2 watermelons, 2 apples, 3 tables, 5 packs of books and a TV.

3.Information gain and loss training method

The teacher put the following items on the table and let the children watch for 1 minute, then let the children close their eyes and remove the ruler, drinking glass, key, car; add apples, cookies, ballpoint pens, clips, matchboxes.

Items: Rubber book drinking glasses glasses keys building blocks car knife tape ruler coin

4, action training method

A. The teacher makes the following four gestures in order to let the children pay attention, and after the teacher finishes, let the children make the order again.

The first action: fists with both hands.

Second action: put your thumbs up with both hands.

The third action: put your middle and index fingers with your hands.

The fourth action: put out the little finger with both hands.

B. The teacher does the following 3 actions in order to let the children pay attention. After the teacher finishes, let the children do it in order.

The first action: put a piece of sugar in the tea cup, then pour some cold water, and then cover the cup lid.

The second action: arbitrarily form a figure with 4 blocks.

The third action: tap on the cup with a pencil and tap twice on the blocks.

5, continuous command training method

A. The practice of this training method is: the teacher sends several commands in a row for the children to complete in order.

The teacher tells the children the following three commands in turn, and after they finish speaking, let the children complete them in order.

First command: Open the door.

Second command: Put the tea leaves in the cup and close the lid.

The third order: bring 3 toys (adults say 3 toys often played by children) to the table.

B. The teacher reads the following three calculation questions to the children in turn, and after reading them, asks the children to say the answers to the three questions in order.

First question: How much is 1 plus 2?

Second question: How much is 2 plus 3?

Question 3: How much is 1 plus 4?

6. Free recall training method

A. The practice of this training method is: the teacher sends several commands in a row for the children to complete in order.

The teacher tells the children the following three commands in turn, and after they finish speaking, let the children complete them in order.

First command: Open the door.

Second command: Put the tea leaves in the cup and close the lid.

The third order: bring 3 toys (the teacher said 3 toys often played by children) to the table.

B. The teacher reads the following three calculation questions to the children in turn, and after reading them, asks the children to say the answers to the three questions in order.

First question: How much is 1 plus 2?

Second question: How much is 2 plus 3?

Question 3: How much is 1 plus 4?

7, breadth training method

The method of this training method is: read to the children some memory materials, and let the children repeat them immediately after listening. Examples of specific training questions:

Parents read the following four groups of Chinese characters to children in turn, and read one character every second. Immediately after reading, let the child repeat it.

The first group: book ball The second group: electric waterwheel The third group: delicious sky wind The fourth group: go to the lantern dog

Parents read the following four groups of numbers (two numbers in each group) to the children in sequence, one every one second, and after the reading, let the children repeat it. 4-2 ".

The first group: 2-4 0-8

The second group: 3-7-4 6-2-8

The third group: 5-2-7-9 4-3-8-5

The fourth group: 6-5-2-7-3 9-4-8-6-1

Parents read the following three groups of materials in turn, each group must have Chinese characters and numbers. Parents read it every second. After reading, let the children repeat the numbers in order, and then let the children repeat the Chinese characters in order. For example: Parents read: "8-day-6-paper-2-car" Children: "8-6-2"; "sky-paper-car".

The first group: "8-day-6-paper-2-car" The second group: "3-good-4-water-2-draw-7-lamp" The third group: "9-run-6-ball -4-bed-5-electricity "

7, digital memory: start with two digits, say any number, such as 12, 15, 19, 28, keep a one-second interval between each number, let the child follow, if you can keep up, the number To three, and so on to four. Five digits ... See what numbers the child can remember, a few digits, and let the child memorize the house number, phone number, historical data and other digital materials.

8. Physical memory: Observe the shop window, then recite the merchandise on display, observe the items in the stationery box, and then recite how many things there are in the box; observe the flower beds in the park, and recite flowers of several colors

Wisdom Angel Children's Educational Attention Training Program (Fourth Stage):

The fourth stage: memory strengthening training phase

(1) Dual training method

This training method is: let the child remember two kinds of related materials at the same time, and then let the children recall the related materials based on one kind of material.

(2) Sequential training method

The method of this training method is: let the children memorize some materials in order, then cover the materials and expose the contents of the materials one by one, and each time the materials are exposed, let the children recall the content immediately following.

Examples of specific training questions:

The teacher finds some pictures, first covers the figure with a piece of paper, and then exposes them one by one in order from top to bottom for children to remember.

After showing the child 3 times, cover the picture, and then reveal each one, and let the child say what the next one is.

The teacher asked the child to look at the numbers in the box below for 1 minute, then covered the numbers, and exposed the numbers in order from left to right.

For each number displayed, ask the child to say the number to the right of it (redo if the child does not complete the first pass well).

1 3 8 2 5 9 0 12 4 7 10 15 17 20

(3) Insertion training method

The method of this training method is: first let the children memorize some materials, and then do not let the children remember immediately after the memoization, but then let the children do other things, and then let the children recall the content that they have previously memorized.

(4) Digital training method

The purpose of this training method is to achieve the purpose of developing memory ability by letting children memorize a large number of numbers. As mentioned earlier, numbers are the most difficult material to memorize, and therefore one of the best materials for training memory.

(5) Frequency training method

The practice of this training method is to repeatedly present some materials to the child, some of which appear multiple times, and let the child remember how many times these materials appear.

Examples of specific training questions: Parents prepare pictures of 7 kinds of animals, such as rabbits, dogs, horses, monkeys, elephants, giraffes, and sheep. Then show them to children in the following order, one second per picture. Then ask the children to say that pictures of rabbits and elephants have appeared several times. If children do not complete well, repeat once. Rabbit, monkey, giraffe, rabbit, elephant, sheep, dog, horse, monkey, elephant, rabbit, monkey, elephant, giraffe. Parents read the following numbers to the children in turn, one every second. After reading, ask the child to say 5, 6, and read the numbers twice. If the child is not doing well, repeat it. 5-4-3-6-8-5-8-5-2-9-6-1-5-2-7

Wisdom Angel Children's Educational Attention Training Program (Fifth Stage):

Fifth stage: Multi-capacity collaborative training stage

1) Find regular training methods

The law-finding training method is a method of training children to discover the rules between things and use them flexibly. The specific method is: let the child observe some materials, so that the children can find out the rules through the sequence of these materials.

(2) Finding Relationship Training

The relationship-finding training method is a method of training children's comparison, generalization, and comprehensive ability by finding out the relationship between two things.

Examples of specific training questions:

The teacher read the following sentence to the child and asked the child to answer the question: The relationship between the sun and the day is like the relationship between the moon and what?

The relationship between grandpa and dad is like the relationship between dad and whom? The relationship between farmers and farmland is like the relationship between workers and what?

(3) Find similar training methods

Finding the same kind of training is a method of training children's abstract ability and judgment ability by finding the relationship between some words and understanding their meaning.

Examples of specific training questions:

The teacher reads the following 5 words to the child, and asks the child to find out which word is not of the same kind as the other 4 words.

Chair table stool sofa lounge chair

(4) Creative ability training method

The creative ability training method is a training method that improves children's creative ability and cultivates children's creative consciousness by allowing children to learn some simple creative techniques.

Examples of specific training questions:

The teacher read the following example to the child, and asked the child to think of something similar, and combined several items to achieve the purpose of creating a new item.

(5) Logical reasoning training method

The logical reasoning training method is to train children by mastering various logical reasoning methods and learning the ability to summarize and generalize

A method of logical reasoning.

Examples of specific training questions:

The teacher first gives the children the first set of logical reasoning ideas, and lets the children judge whether the reasoning and so on are correct, and then lets the children reason the conclusions of the second set of logical reasoning questions.

The first group: All living things will die. Dogs are creatures. So the dog will die.

The second group: All osmanthus flowers bloom in August. Now the osmanthus in the park is in bloom. So ...