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Sodium thiocyanate is white orthorhombic crystal or powder. The relative density is 1.735 g / cm3. Melting point 287 ° C. It is prone to deliquescent in the air and produces toxic gas when it encounters acid. Soluble in water, ethanol, acetone and other solvents. The aqueous solution is neutral. It produces blood-colored iron thiocyanate with iron salts, does not react with ferrous salts, and generates yellow sodium bisulfate with concentrated sulfuric acid. It reacts with cobalt salts to form dark blue cobalt thiocyanate, and silver salts or The action of copper salts produces a white silver thiocyanate precipitate or a black copper thiocyanate precipitate. This product is a high environmental risk product. [1]
- Chinese name
- Sodium thiocyanate
- English name
- Sodium sulfocyanate
- nickname
- Sodium thiocyanate
- Chemical formula
- NaSCN
- Molecular weight
- 81.0722
- CAS Registry Number
- 540-72-7
- EINECS registration number
- 208-754-4
- Melting point
- 287
- Boiling point
- 368 (decomposed)
- Water soluble
- soluble in water
- Exterior
- White crystalline solid
- Application
- Used as chemical analysis reagent, etc.
- Sodium thiocyanate is white orthorhombic crystal or powder. The relative density is 1.735 g / cm3. Melting point 287 ° C. It is prone to deliquescent in the air and produces toxic gas when it encounters acid. Soluble in water, ethanol, acetone and other solvents. The aqueous solution is neutral. It produces blood-colored iron thiocyanate with iron salts, does not react with ferrous salts, and generates yellow sodium bisulfate with concentrated sulfuric acid. It reacts with cobalt salts to form dark blue cobalt thiocyanate, and silver salts or The action of copper salts produces a white silver thiocyanate precipitate or a black copper thiocyanate precipitate. This product is a high environmental risk product. [1]
Basic introduction of sodium thiocyanate
- Chinese name: sodium thiocyanate
- Chinese alias: sodium thiocyanate
- English name: Sodium sulfocyanate
- English alias: Sodium rhodanide; Sodium thiocyanate; haimased; natriumrhodanid; scyan;
- sodiumthiocyanatesolutionsodiumthiocyanide; thiocyanatesodium; usafek-t-434; Sodium rhodanate; sodium sulfocyanide; Sodium isocyanate; sodium (thioxomethylidene) azanide
- CAS: 540-72-7 [1]
- EINECS: 208-754-4
- Molecular formula: NaSCN
- Molecular weight: 81.07
Physical properties of sodium thiocyanate
- White crystalline solid, easily soluble in water, ethanol and acetone. At a melting point of 287 ° C, sulfides, nitrides and cyanides decompose. Reacts with acids and strong oxidants. White orthorhombic crystal or powder, relative density of 1.735 g / cm 3 , and aqueous solution is neutral. [1]
- Sodium thiocyanate
Sodium Thiocyanate Properties
- It reacts with iron salt solution to form blood red iron thiocyanate, but has no reaction with ferrous salt. Generates yellow sodium bisulfate with concentrated sulfuric acid. It reacts with cobalt salts to produce dark blue cobalt thiocyanate, interacts with silver salts to produce white silver thiocyanate, and interacts with copper salts to produce black copper thiocyanate precipitates. Deliquescence in the air. Toxic, chronic poisoning occurs thyroid damage, the maximum allowable concentration in the air is 50mg / m 3 .
- Sodium thiocyanate is a white orthorhombic crystal or powder. It is easily deliquescent in the air, easily soluble in solvents such as water, ethanol and acetone, and its aqueous solution is neutral. It reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid to form yellow sodium hydrogen sulfate, and reacts with iron salts to form blood red iron thiocyanate, which has no reaction with ferrous salts. Forms a dark blue cobalt thiocyanate with a cobalt salt. [1]
- Sodium thiocyanate is orthorhombic, and each sodium ion in the crystal structure is adjacent to three sulfur atoms and three nitrogen atoms (from thiocyanate ion).
Sodium thiocyanate leakage treatment
- Cover with plastic cloth and canvas to reduce scattering. It is then collected, recycled or transported to a waste disposal site for disposal.
Use of sodium thiocyanate
- Used as chemical analysis reagent, polyacrylonitrile fiber spinning solvent, color film film rinse agent, some plant defoliants, etc. [2]
- In organic synthesis, it is used to convert halogenated hydrocarbons into corresponding thiocyanates. For example, isopropyl bromide is reacted with sodium thiocyanate in a hot ethanol solution to obtain isopropyl thiocyanate. Similar reagents are ammonium thiocyanate and potassium thiocyanate. [3]
- Sodium thiocyanate is converted into isothiocyanic acid (S = C = NH) upon contact with acid. After it is generated in situ, it can react with amines to form corresponding thiourea derivatives. [4]
- Used as polyacrylonitrile fiber spinning solvent, chemical analysis reagent, color film film rinse agent, certain plant defoliant, and airport road herbicide. It is also used in pharmaceuticals, printing and dyeing, rubber processing, black nickel plating, and the manufacture of artificial mustard oil. [5]
Specification of sodium thiocyanate
- Purity 97%
- Iron0.0003%
- Water insoluble matter
- Moisture 1.0%
- Chloride 0.04%
- Sulfate 0.05%
- Heavy metal 0.0015%
- pH: 6-8
Sodium thiocyanate quality index
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Transport and storage of sodium thiocyanate
- Storage: Keep the container sealed. Avoid contact with strong acids and strong oxidants. Place in a ventilated and dry place. Deliquescent
- Sodium thiocyanate
- Transportation: Handle lightly during transportation to prevent damage to packaging and containers. Pay attention to personal protection during packing and handling. [1]
Sodium thiocyanate protection
- Engineering control: closed operation, local exhaust.
- Sodium thiocyanate
- Eye protection: Wear chemical safety protective glasses.
- Body protection: Wear protective clothing with protective tape.
- Hand protection: Wear rubber gloves. Others: Smoking, eating and drinking are not allowed on the job site. After work, take a shower and change clothes. Store clothes contaminated by poisons separately and wash them for later use. Maintain good hygiene. [1]
First aid measures for sodium thiocyanate
- Swallowing: Drink plenty of water. Don't use your mouth to treat the victim. Seek medical staff directly when vomiting.
- Skin contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse with running water. Seek medical attention. For small skin contact,
- Sodium thiocyanate
- Eye contact: Open the upper and lower eyelids immediately and rinse with running water for 15 minutes. Seek medical attention. Eyes have redness and fever. Wash with water or saline for at least 15 minutes, and contact a healthcare professional. Immediately after skin contact, wash with plenty of water or soapy water.
- Inhalation: Remove from the scene to fresh air. Seek medical attention. If breathing is stopped, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If the patient ingests or inhales the substance, do not use mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration. Use a check valve small respirator or other appropriate medical respirator. When inhaling, immediately go to a ventilated place and contact a healthcare professional.
- Ingestion: If you take it by mistake, rinse your mouth with water, and wash your stomach with 1: 5000 potassium permanganate or 5% sodium thiosulfate. Seek medical attention. [1]
Harm of sodium thiocyanate poisoning
- It is a toxic chemical raw material. The state prohibits the addition and use of sodium thiocyanate in food processing. Illegal vendors add it to milk and dairy products to keep it fresh.
- Thiocyanate poisoning
- A case of subacute poisoning caused by drinking thiocyanate-contaminated well water was reported. The results show that thiocyanate poisoning is a systemic disease mainly caused by neuropsychiatric, digestive system and skin damage. In this article, the diagnostic and grading standards for thiocyanate poisoning were tried. The poison has no special antidote and is mainly symptomatic supportive treatment.
- Principle: Ferrous ions contained in sodium nitroprusside and thiol compounds in red blood cells quickly combine to form cyanide, with a short residence time in the blood, rapid metabolism into thiocyanate in the liver, and plasma thiocyanate concentration greater than 10 mg / L is an indicator of sodium nitroprusside poisoning. The clinical manifestations of thiocyanate poisoning are: more common in the elderly, renal insufficiency, or long-term (more than 3 days) larger doses. In these cases, the clinical symptoms of thiocyanate poisoning should be observed and monitored. Blood thiocyanate concentration.
- Clinical symptoms: Nervous system depression, metabolic acidosis, and cardiovascular system instability should be considered as cyanide or thiocyanate poisoning. The drug should be stopped immediately, and supportive treatment and antidote should be given. Common detoxification agents are: sodium nitrite, methylene blue, sodium thiosulfate, and hydroxycobalamin. For the application of sodium nitroprusside, the blood concentration of thiocyanate and the blood concentration of cyanide should be monitored for 3d. The combination of sodium thiosulfate and sodium nitroprusside can prevent cyanide toxicity. Patients with renal impairment can replace sodium nitroprusside with fenoldopam.
Medical examination of sodium thiocyanate
- Sodium thiocyanate detection--Molecular formula: NaSCN
- Pathological analysis of sodium thiocyanate poisoning
- Sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) is a white orthorhombic crystal or powder, poisonous. Soluble in water, ethanol and acetone. The toxicity of sodium thiocyanate is mainly caused by its cyanide ion released in the body. Cyanate ions can quickly bind to the trivalent iron ions in cytochrome oxidase in the body, inhibit the enzyme activity, and make tissues unable to utilize oxygen. The acute poisoning caused by cyanide ions can be divided into light, medium and severe. Mild poisoning manifests as eye and upper respiratory tract irritation symptoms, with bitter almond smell, numbness of lips and throat, and then nausea, vomiting, tremor, etc .; moderate poisoning manifests as sigh-like breathing, and the skin and mucous membranes are often bright red. Other symptoms worsened; severe poisoning manifested as loss of consciousness, tonicity and paroxysmal seizures, until angled arch reflex, blood pressure decreased, urinary and fecal incontinence, often accompanied by cerebral edema and respiratory failure. Raw material milk or milk powder mixed with sodium thiocyanate can effectively inhibit bacteria and keep fresh. However, sodium thiocyanate is a poison, and a small amount of ingestion will cause great harm to the human body. In December 12, the "List of Non-Edible Substances and Food Additive Varieties That May Be Added Illegally in Food (First Batch)" which was issued by the Ministry of Health clearly stipulated that sodium thiocyanate in milk and dairy products were illegally added substances.
- There is no standard for the detection of adulterated milk with sodium thiocyanate, and it is not possible to control the entry of adulterated milk into the factory. The Comprehensive Testing Center of the Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine has developed a method for the detection of thiocyanate in raw milk and milk powder through its own research. The method is fast and accurate, and the minimum detection limit can reach 1mg / L.
Sodium thiocyanate danger statement
- Danger code: Xn
- Danger level: 20/21 / 22-32-52 / 53
- Security level: 13-61
Sodium thiocyanate related regulations
- On December 12, 2008, the Ministry of Health announced the first list of illegal "food additives".
- The main food category uses for which the serial number ingredients may be added
- 6 Sodium thiocyanate milk and dairy products preservation