How Do I Choose the Best Home Desktop Computer?

Home computers, as the name suggests, are microcomputers designed and manufactured for ordinary home users. Compared with other microcomputers, such as business computers, the hardware structure, system, and software structure are basically the same, mainly for functional purposes. difference. The home computer mainly focuses on the application of audio-visual entertainment and games. At the same time, it also has a certain ability to learn and work in the office, which can meet the vast majority of the needs of home users. The basic composition of a home computer is no different from a desktop microcomputer used in the office. It is also a von Neumann architecture. Generally divided into host, input device and output device.

Home computer

Exterior

On the one hand, home users should consider whether the appearance matches the home environment, and on the other hand, consider the entertainment performance of the computer, because many home users love to use the computer

Shop according to your own requirements

If you are old or ready to buy for your parents, and you just want to use your computer to type, watch, watch videos, chat online, etc., and do nt consider upgrading in the future. For these people, it is generally recommended to buy branded computers. Because the brand machine is becoming more and more home appliances, more and more simple operation methods will definitely meet your needs. If you are an avid gaming enthusiast, then only an assembly computer equipped with a dual-core processor, independent graphics card, large memory, and high power can be competent, but the price is naturally expensive. If you are going to buy for your child, then it is recommended that you buy a computer for assembly. Children like to pursue personality. A computer with no personality like other people cannot meet his needs to show personality. Moreover, with the increase of your child's computer knowledge, you will not be satisfied with the limited performance brought by the brand computer, so upgrading is inevitable. And only assembled computers have flexible upgrade space and many personal accessories to choose from. Manufacturers of branded computers have strong technical strength, so there are many very user-friendly designs on branded computers (without booting to listen to music, one-click Internet access,

Daily maintenance cannot be lax

The impact of the environment on computer life cannot be ignored. The ideal working temperature of the computer is 10 -35 . Too high or too low will affect the life of the computer accessories. Its relative humidity is 30% to 75%. Too high will affect the performance of the CPU, graphics card and other accessories, and even cause short circuit of some accessories; too low is easy to generate static electricity, which is also detrimental to the use of accessories. In addition, the dust content in the air has a greater impact on the computer. Too much dust will corrode various parts and circuit boards of chips for a long time; if the content is too small, electrostatic reactions will occur. Therefore, the computer room is best kept clean and tidy.

Some people think that using the computer less often or for a shorter time can extend the life of the computer. This is a one-sided, vague view; on the contrary, if the computer is not used for a long time, it may cause damage to computer accessories due to moisture, dust, sweat, etc. Of course, if the weather is humid to a certain degree, such as: water on the surface of the display or the chassis, you must never power on the machine without drying it to avoid unnecessary losses caused by short circuits.

Good personal habits also have a great impact on computers. So please perform the startup and shutdown sequence correctly. The boot sequence is: first

Hardware system

The computer's hardware system consists of an input device, a host, and an output device. External information is input to the host via the input device, analyzed, processed, and processed by the host, and then output via the output device.

Input and output devices:

Computers can only recognize binary digital electrical signals, and people are accustomed to receiving graphic and audiovisual signals. Input and output devices play the role of signal conversion and transmission.

Use a keyboard to enter text, use a microphone to enter sound, and use a digital camera, scanner, and

System bus:

The system bus is the information path to the expansion slot.

The PCI-E and PCI buses are common system buses for PCs, and there are corresponding ISA and PCI slots on the motherboard.

Input and output interface:

The I / O interface is referred to as the interface connecting the motherboard to the input and output devices. Serial port, parallel port, keyboard interface,

Internal memory: memory for short, a semiconductor chip used to store information to be processed and commonly used information. Small capacity, but fast access.

Memory includes RAM, ROM and Cache.

RAM: (

Troubleshoot the CPU:

Check if the CPU is burned or crushed

Check if the fan is running normally

Check if the CPU is installed correctly

Check the jumper and voltage settings are correct

With Debug Card

Computer keeps restarting

[Symptom] The fastener of the CPU heat sink was accidentally removed, and then the fastener was installed back to the heat sink as it is. Reinstall the fan and power up the evaluation. As a result, the computer will restart automatically as soon as it is turned on. There is no problem in checking other parts, according to general experience, it should be a problem of the heat dissipation part. It is possible that the motherboard detects the CPU overheating and automatically protects it. However, it is no problem to repeatedly check the thermal grease and heat sink, and reinstall it or restart it repeatedly. After replacing the cooling fan, the fault is rectified.

[Analysis and processing] According to the above phenomenon, it may be that the direction of the buckle is reversed, causing a gap between the heat sink and the CPU core, causing the CPU to overheat. When the motherboard detects that the CPU is overheating, it will restart protection. This indicates that improper installation of the CPU cooling fan will also cause Windows to automatically restart or fail to boot.

Computer performance degradation

[Symptoms] A Pentium 4 computer performed abnormally stably at the beginning of use, but then its performance dropped significantly and occasionally crashed.

[Analysis and processing] First use anti-virus software to kill the virus. If no virus is found after checking and killing, then use Windows Disk Defragmenter to organize it. If it still does not work, then only format and reinstall the system. Replace with a new radiator.

CPU fan

CPU fan noise is particularly loud

[Symptom] After the computer is running for a period of time, the noise of the fan is particularly loud. After checking the cooling fan of the power supply, there is no failure. I don't know where the sound comes from.

[Analysis and processing] The computer's CPU fan has been used for a long time. It will reduce the speed due to the long-term accumulation of dust, which will cause noise and reduce heat dissipation performance. To eliminate this problem, you can remove the dust on the fan and put a few drops of sewing machine oil on the bottom of the fan, and the problem is solved.

Problems caused by CPU fan not turning

[Symptom] When the computer starts up, the prompt "System error, divisor is zero or overflow error" suddenly appears, and then crashes.

[Analysis and processing] After repeated tests, in the case of troubleshooting software, shut down the computer, open the case and try to check the hardware. When I restarted the computer after plugging in the card, I found that the fan of the CPU did not turn on. After inspection, it was found that one of the power cables connected to the CPU was loose. Plug in this power cable and start the computer. The failure also disappeared.

CPU temperature is too high

CPU temperature is too high and the system freezes

[Symptoms] The computer runs normally in the winter, and frequently freezes when it arrives in the hot summer.

[Analytical processing] This is usually caused by excessive CPU temperature. You can replace a fan with a higher power. If you do not want to replace the fan, you can set the temperature in CMOS or set the power management, that is, boot into CMOS and set the (Power Manage Setup power management) option to minsave, so Can troubleshoot.

CPU temperature is too slow

[Symptom] After a computer is used for about half an hour each time, the system speed will suddenly slow down.

[Analytical processing] This phenomenon may be caused by the high temperature of the CPU. The method to deal with this problem is: Enter the CHIPSET FEATURES Setup option in the CMOS settings, check the CPU Warning Temperature option, and then check the Current CPU Temperature option. This option is set to read-only If the current CPU temperature value is higher than the CPU alert temperature value, this phenomenon will occur. Set the CPU Warning Temperature value slightly higher than the Current CPU Temperature value, save the settings and restart the computer, and the fault will disappear.

High CPU temperature causes hot start

[Symptoms] Computers often automatically warm up after being turned on for a period of time, sometimes even non-stop several times, and then restarting after a short shutdown, the above phenomenon occurs again a few minutes later. Check that the computer is virus-free, plug in all the components again, start the computer and try again, and the fault still exists. At the same time, you can see that the computer's CPU fan is not turning and the CPU is very hot.

[Analysis and processing] Try another high-power fan, and the fault disappeared. When the weather is relatively hot, pay attention to maintaining the computer's working environment temperature. This failure will occur if the CPU does not cool in time.

Poor contact caused by silicone grease

[Symptom] The computer that can be used normally on the first day cannot be started the next day. It freezes when scanning the disk. The machine can be started with a floppy disk, but the keyboard sometimes works, sometimes it doesn't work.

[Analysis and processing] First consider the keyboard failure. After replacing the keyboard on other computers, the failure is still the same. Then check and kill the virus, and there is no abnormality. Because there are many boards in this machine, it is considered that the hardware has conflicts. Leaving the machine with only the necessary boot devices such as graphics card and memory, the failure could not be ruled out. Because Scandisk cannot scan completely, considering the hard disk problem, replace the hard disk on other computers with the problem.

Upon further inspection of the accessories, I found that there are many sticky things between the CPU and the fan. So I removed the CPU and found that this kind of thing had penetrated between the CPU and the CPU socket. Wipe the dirt off with a paper towel. Reinstall the CPU and the machine can start normally. It turned out that the silicone grease was applied too much, melted under high temperature for a long time, and penetrated between the CPU and the CPU socket, resulting in poor contact.

Occupancy is always high

[Symptom] Due to the high temperature, an AMD-specific cooling software is installed on a computer with a CPU of Duron, but the speed is very slow when running Windows XP. Even if the computer is just started, nothing will run and the mouse pointer It s also a meal while moving, and it shows that the CPU usage is always between 90% and 100% in Windows Task Manager, and the cooling software shows that the CPU temperature is about 43 ° C, which is higher than the normal use in the past. The temperature is even higher. Many users using AMD CPUs have encountered this type of failure.

[Analyzing and processing] The summer temperature is high, which makes the average temperature of the CPU higher than the original. Many users set "Forcibly throttle the CPU when the temperature is higher than XX ° C" in the cooling software in order to prevent the CPU from being burned. "Automatically shut down the computer when the temperature exceeds XX " two options, and these users' CPU cooling fans use longer, the speed is slower than before, the actual temperature of the CPU has reached the temperature set by the cooling software to the CPU, so the temperature is reduced On the one hand, the software suspends the running task threads in the system, on the other hand, it continuously sends "null instructions" to the CPU, so that the user feels that the system is running slowly. Moreover, because the CPU is occupied by a large number of empty instructions, in the performance display of the CPU, a "artifact" of the CPU usage rate as high as 90% appears.

In response to this kind of failure, you can remove the CPU fan first, add some high-quality lubricant, and let the CPU cooling fan recover the original speed. You can also install a case fan in the case to reduce the temperature in the case and reduce the temperature of the software. Turn off the "Enable Throttling" feature in the computer, and then restart the computer.

Frequency is not fixed

[Symptom] When a computer is started, the CPU frequency displayed on the screen is high and low.

[Analysis and processing] This may be caused by the battery of the motherboard being damaged or no power. As long as the user replaces the same type of battery and then resets the parameters in the BIOS, the CPU frequency display can return to normal.

There is a "click ..." collision noise inside the case

[Symptoms] Sometimes when you turn on the computer, you hear a "click ..." collision sound in the case. After shaking it slightly, the case disappears, but it will appear again later.

[Analysis and processing] The reason for this phenomenon is that the cluttered data cables and power cables in the case sometimes touch the fan blades, which causes an abnormal noise when the fan rotates. You can use rubber bands or tape to bundle the scattered data cables and power cables in the case to keep them away from the CPU cooling fan.

The system does not recognize the second

[Symptom] It turned out that a CPU was installed on a motherboard supporting dual CPUs, using the Windows 2000 operating system, and a CPU of the same model was installed on the motherboard, but the system could not recognize the second CPU.

[Analysis and processing] After adding the second or third CPU, it cannot be used directly in the original Windows NT / 2000 / XP system. Only by reinstalling the operating system or choosing to overwrite the installation and let the system reset the hardware resources can Use the new processor in your system.