What is an Ad Hoc Network?

Wireless ad hoc network (English: Wireless ad hoc network, abbreviated as WANET), also known as wireless ad hoc network, is a decentralized wireless network system. Its important characteristics are the dynamic nature of the network topology, and the core issue is a reasonable balance between network communication efficiency and node energy consumption.

Wireless ad hoc network in English is Wireless ad hoc network ,

The advantages and challenges (disadvantages) of wireless random networks can be summarized as follows:

An ad hoc network consists of multiple "nodes" connected by "links."

The link is affected by node resources (for example, transmitter power, computing power, and memory) and behavioral attributes (such as reliability) and link attributes (such as link length and signal loss, interference, and noise). Since links can be connected or disconnected at any time, a well-functioning network must be able to cope with this dynamic reorganization, preferably in a timely, efficient, reliable, robust, and scalable manner.

The challenges affecting wireless ad hoc networks involve all aspects of the OSI protocol stack. The media access layer (MAC) must be improved to resolve conflicts and hidden endpoint issues. Network layer routing protocols need to be improved to address dynamically changing network topologies and broken routes. Transport layer protocols must be improved to handle lost or disconnected connections. Session layer protocols must handle server and service discovery.

A major limitation of mobile nodes is that they have high mobility, resulting in frequent interruptions and re-establishment of links. Moreover, the bandwidth of the wireless channel is also limited, and the nodes work with limited battery power and eventually run out. Therefore, the design of mobile ad hoc networks is very challenging, but this technology has great prospects for being able to manage communication protocols in the future.

Cross-layer design deviates from traditional

Most wireless ad hoc networks do not implement any network access control, which makes these networks vulnerable to resource consumption attacks, where malicious nodes inject packets into the network in order to exhaust the resources of the nodes that relay the packets.

To prevent or prevent such attacks, it is necessary to use an authentication mechanism to ensure that only authorized nodes can inject traffic into the network. Even with authentication, these networks are susceptible to packet drops or delayed attacks, whereby intermediate nodes drop the packet or delay it instead of sending it quickly to the next hop. ^[2]

A key issue in wireless ad hoc networks is anticipating what can happen. Therefore, modeling and simulation (M & S) using extensive parameter scanning and what-if analysis has become an extremely important paradigm for use in ad hoc networks. Traditional M & S tools include OPNET and NetSim. ^[2]

Wireless random networks were first developed for military use, but they are now widely used in daily life. According to its application, wireless random networks can also be classified into:

• Build and Connect Network (MANET)

• Wireless Mesh Network (WMN)

• Wireless Sensing Network (WSN) ^[2]