What Is Bit-Serial?

In remote communication and computer science, serial communication (English: Serial communication ) refers to a communication method that transmits one bit of data at a time on the computer bus or other data channels and continuously performs the above single process. Corresponding to it is parallel communication, which communicates on the serial port by transmitting several bits of data at a time. Serial communication is used for long-distance communication and most computer networks. In these applications, cables and synchronization make practical applications of parallel communication difficult. With its improved signal integrity and propagation speed, serial communication buses are becoming more and more common, and even in short-range applications, their advantages have begun to surpass parallel buses without the need for serializers It also solves disadvantages such as clock skew and interconnect density. The upgrade from PCI to PCI Express is an example.

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Communication between computers and between internal parts of the computer can take place in a serial and parallel manner. A parallel connection spreads multiple data streams at the same time through multiple channels (such as wires, printed circuit wiring, and fiber); a serial connection only transmits one data stream at the same time.

Although a serial connection can transmit less data in a single clock cycle than parallel data, the former's transmission capacity seems to be weaker than the latter, but the actual situation is often that serial communication can increase the communication clock frequency more easily than parallel communication. Thereby increasing the data transmission rate. The following factors allow serial communication to have a higher communication clock frequency:

• No need to consider clock skew of different channels;

• The physical media required for a serial connection, such as cables and optical fibers, are less than for parallel communication, thereby reducing the footprint of the space;

• • Morse code (for telegram)

  • RS-232 (low speed, for serial interface)

  • RS-422

  • RS-423

  • RS-485

  • I²C

  • SPI

  • ARINC 818Avionics digital video bus

  • Universal Serial Bus (medium speed, used to connect computers and various external devices)

  • IEEE 1394

  • Ethernet

  • Fiber tubing (high speed for connecting computers and mass storage)

  • InfiniBand (ultra high speed, similar to PCI interface in scale)

  • MIDI Digital Instrument Control

  • DMX512 stage lighting control

  • SDI-12 Industrial Sensor Protocol

  • Serial SCSI

  • SATA

  • SpaceWire spacecraft communication network

  • HyperTransport

  • PCI Express

  • Synchronous Optical Network (High-speed Optical Fiber Transmission)

  • T-1 and E-1 variants (high-speed communication via copper wire pairs)

  • MIL-STD-1553A / B ^[3]