What are Lift Truck Attachments?

An internal combustion forklift is a forklift that uses diesel, gasoline, or liquefied petroleum gas as fuel and is powered by an engine. The deadweight is 0.5 ton-45 ton. Generally divided into: balance weight internal combustion forklifts, container forklifts (front lift), side forklifts.

Internal combustion forklift

Internal combustion

Generally divided into three categories:

1. Counterbalanced internal combustion forklift

Generally, diesel, gasoline, and LPG fuel are used, with a load capacity of 0.5 to 45 tons, and more than 10 tons are diesel forklifts.

2. Container Forklift (Front Crane)

A diesel engine is used as a power source to load and unload containers. The carrying capacity is 45 tons.

3.Side Forklift

The diesel engine is used as the power, and the bearing capacity is 3.0 to 6.0 tons. The fork is installed on the side of the forklift and has the ability to fork the goods directly from the side. Therefore, it is mainly used to fork long goods such as wooden bars and steel bars.

1. The counterweight diesel forklift has a large volume, but its stability is good, it is suitable for heavy load, and the use time is unlimited. The use site is generally outdoors. Compared with gasoline engines, diesel engines have better power performance (not easy to stall at low speeds, overload capacity, and long-term operation capacity), and low fuel costs, but they have large vibrations, noise, large exhaust capacity, high self-heavy weight, high prices, and heavy loads. The amount can be from 0.5 to 45 tons.

2. The counterweight gasoline forklift has a large volume, but its stability is good, and it is suitable for heavy loads. There is no limit on the use time. The use site is generally outdoors. Gasoline engines are small in shape, light in weight, high in output power, low in operating noise and vibration, and low in price. However, gasoline engines have poor overload capacity, long-term operation capacity, and relatively high fuel costs. The load can range from 0.5 to 4.5 tons.

3 The counterweight liquefied petroleum gas forklift (LPG for short) is an LPG forklift equipped with a liquefied petroleum gas conversion device on the counterweight gasoline forklift. It can switch between gasoline and liquefied gas through a switch. The biggest advantages of LPG forklifts are good exhaust emissions, carbon monoxide (CO) emissions are significantly less than gasoline engines, low fuel costs (15KG of liquefied gas is equivalent to 20 liters of gasoline), and it is suitable for indoor operations with high environmental requirements.

Generally forklifts are mostly balanced forklifts, just like seesaws, so the center of gravity of the load must be found first. This center of gravity is called the load center, which is half the length of the pallet. For example: the size of the pallet is

If the length (D) is 1000mm × width (W) is 1200mm, then the load center is 500mm.

The load center of a forklift is mostly 500mm or 600mm, so when you want to know the standard load center of the forklift, you must find it from the specification table or forklift chart of the forklift. The tonnage of a forklift refers to the maximum load value of the forklift for loading and unloading and carrying goods, and is designed based on the structural strength of each part of the hydraulic system pressure and stability. The stability of the counterbalanced forklift is the principle of leverage (seesaw)

Causes of cooling system overheating

1.1 Internal combustion engine system

include

Routine maintenance is mainly for cleaning the forklift and external inspection. It mainly includes inspection before use, inspection during work, and maintenance after storage, which will be introduced step by step below.

Check before use:

Check item

(1) Check whether the fuel, lubricating oil, hydraulic oil and coolant are full

(2) Inspect the vehicle for oil and water leakage

(3) Check the operation of various meters, signals, lighting, switches, buttons and other auxiliary equipment

(4) Check if there is any difference in the engine and whether it works normally

(5) Check the technical conditions and tightening of steering, braking, tires and traction devices

(6) Check the technical conditions and tightening conditions of the lifting mechanism, tilting mechanism, fork frame and hydraulic transmission system

(7) Check if the on-board tools and accessories are safe

Inspection items at work:

Usually refers to work in 2h

Check item

(1) Check the working conditions of the engine, chassis, working equipment, hydraulic system, instruments and signaling devices

(2) Check whether the temperature of the axle, brake drum, transmission, torque converter, gear pump and drive axle is normal.

(3) Check the condition and tightening of tires, steering and braking devices

(4) Check the glaze height and temperature of the engine oil, coolant and hydraulic oil, and whether there is any leakage of the entire vehicle oil and water

Maintenance items after returning to the warehouse

Check item

(1) Clean vehicles

(2) Add fuel, check the lubricating oil, coolant, hydraulic oil, hydraulic oil, if there is no antifreeze or no warm room in the northern winter, put the coolant

(3) Check the integrity and tightness of the V-belt

(4) Check tire pressure

(5) Check the tightening of the tension bolts of the fork frame and lifting chain

(6) Check the leakage of lifting oil tank, tilting oil cylinder, steering oil cylinder and various pipe joints

(7) Eliminate faults found during work

(8) Check and organize the tools and accessories

(9) The following items should be added every 40-50 hours of work: cleaning the air filters; cleaning the outside of the battery, checking the electrolyte level and the cleanliness and tightening of the electrode posts and connecting wires; checking the distributor contacts and lubrication Distributor shafts and cams; check and tighten the bolts that make up the exterior of the car; loosen the bolts; for pump bearings, steering knuckle pins, horizontal and straight tie rod ball head pins, inclined oil tank horizontal pins, triple plate center pins; for lifting The chain is lubricated and adjusted.

Inspection before starting the engine

(1) Check the ground for new dripping oil traces, look for oil leakage, and determine whether it can be operated or repaired according to the leakage situation;

(2) Check whether the engine oil, cooling water, diesel, hydraulic oil, and brake fluid are sufficient, and pay attention to the cleanliness of the oil;

(3) Check whether the tire air pressure is sufficient and the wear is excessive, whether the rim is cracked, and whether the fastening bolts are tight and complete.

(4) Check whether the steering system and braking system meet the requirements under static conditions.

Steering hydraulic oil pipe has no aging damage, is fixed firmly and does not collide with the steering wheel or other parts. The state of the left and right steering wheels is visually parallel to the ground. The number of teeth pulled when the maximum braking force is reached. Operating force 1500 330N brake pedal free stroke 8 ~ 15mm When the maximum braking force is reached, the first foot can reach the maximum braking force and not exceed the 4/5 maximum braking force of the full stroke (that is, the non-assisted braking system is The pedal does not move down, the assisted braking system is that the pedal does not bounce or move down) Holding time ~ lmin;

(5) Check whether there are cracks in the fan blades and whether the belt is tight;

(6) Check whether the lights (size lights, turn signals, brake lights) and horns are normal.

The start of a forklift

(1) Start the engine, warm up at medium speed for 3 to 5 minutes, and check whether the oil pressure is normal and the charging is normal. Raise the fork to 300mm from the ground, tilt the mast back, and then hang the second gear (heavy truck) (Or start gear when going uphill), honk, release handbrake, start smoothly;

(2) After the start, the steering and braking performance should be tested at a speed of 10km / h on a straight and unmanned road (test additional 3.4 and 3.5 if necessary);

1. The feel of the whole stroke of turning the steering wheel: smooth feel, no stagnation

2 When driving on a straight, hard, dry and clean road, the feeling of holding the steering wheel: no wobble, deviation, or other abnormal feelings

3. Handbrake performance: No load and neutral position, tightening the handbrake can stop on 20% ramp

4. Braking distance (straight, hard, dry and clean road, vehicle speed is 20km / h)

5. Emergency braking deviation

6. The feeling of holding the steering wheel (straight, hard, dry and clean the road, the speed of 10km / h, the brake pedal is quickly released after applying some braking force) when the brake is applied does not deviate.

Forklift driving

(1) Driving in the plant must comply with driving guidelines, and consciously limit the speed, generally at the following speed: straight, hard, dry, clean, roadside without stacking objects, no forks, no parked vehicles, and roads with good visibility. l7km / h In general, when the road or corner is turned, the driving road in the warehouse is wider and longer, and the line of sight is good. There is no pedestrian crossing with dlOkm / h. h

(2) Forklifts are strictly forbidden to carry people, and it is strictly forbidden to coast when stalled, out of gear, or coast on the clutch;

(3) Downshifts should be lowered in advance for uphill and downhill, and no stalls should be dragged uphill;

(4) Concentrate on driving, drive carefully, and maintain a safe speed. Pay attention to the dynamics of pedestrians and vehicles at all times, maintain a horizontal and vertical safety distance from other vehicles or pedestrians, and beware of pedestrians or vehicles suddenly crossing the road;

(5) Drivers should drive at a reduced speed when driving at night, especially when crossing cars;

(6) When driving on rainy days, on steel plates or on oil-stained roads, decelerate in advance and drive at a steady speed, and no emergency braking or sharp direction should be allowed;

(7) When passing through narrow or low places, pass with caution, and if necessary, have someone direct it, and do not pass blindly or forcibly;

(8) It should be noted that the wheels must not be crushed with dunnage, etc., so as not to cause injuries caused by the rolled objects jumping;

(9) Do not make lateral driving, turning or loading and unloading operations on the ramp.

Turning and reversing a forklift

(1) When turning, turn on the turn indicator light in advance, decelerate, honk, and move to the right. Pay attention to whether pedestrians or objects behind the steering wheel outside are in the danger zone;

(2) The vehicle speed must be strictly controlled when cornering.

(3) Before reversing, carefully observe the surrounding and rear conditions, and after confirming the safety, honk slowly to reverse.

(4) The operating style of the steering wheel when reversing is exactly the opposite to that when moving forward, and the line of sight is restricted by body position, and the ability to feel is weakened. Therefore, you must exercise caution when reversing;

Forklift parking

(1) The forklift should be parked neatly on the right side of the horizontal road or at a designated place. The fork should be placed flat on the ground. When leaving the forklift, the main power switch should be cut off, the hand brake should be tightened, the neutral gear and the key should be switched on.

(2) Do not park forklifts in unsafe areas such as densely crowded people, intersections, narrow roads, poor sight, slopes, soft roads, near flammable materials, and fire (or evacuation) passages.

Handling and stacking safety regulations

(1) The center of gravity of the cargo at the specified load center must not exceed the rated lifting capacity. If the center of gravity of the cargo changes, its lifting capacity should meet the load capacity of the vehicle

(1) Illegal employment (such as drunk driving, fatigue driving, driving without a license, etc.);

(2) Driving in violation of regulations (such as speeding, struggling for lanes, forcing overtaking, brutal loading and unloading, not following the road, not actively avoiding pedestrians and vehicles, driving with people, etc.)

(3) "I didn't look carefully before starting, the thinking was scattered during the operation, and there were bad psychological activities eager to complete the task or save trouble;

(4) Inadequate maintenance and inspection of the forklift, incomplete and effective safety devices (steering, brakes, horns, lighting, etc.), fuel dripping, excessive tire wear, and forklifts operating with illness;

(5) When passing through areas with poor sight and moments of sight (such as narrow passages, crooked roads, roadside obstacles, etc.), the driver is blindly confident, does not slow down according to chapters, and has no thinking standards for emergency situations

(6) When going downhill, the slippery area (rainy weather, pavement with water and oil, smooth ground, steel plate, etc.) will not decelerate, sharp direction or emergency braking will cause side slip or even rollover.

(7) The wires (including the wires used for charging) are aging, broken, not fixed, grounding, poor contact, and the main power switch is not turned off when people leave the forklift.