What Are the Advantages of a Masonry Building?

Masonry engineering, also known as masonry engineering ^[1] , refers to the use of ordinary clay bricks, load-bearing clay hollow bricks, autoclaved lime-sand bricks, fly ash bricks, various small and medium-sized blocks and stone materials in building engineering Building works. Including bricks, stones, blocks and lightweight wallboards. Bricklaying, masonry, block brick masonry requirements for masonry materials, building technology, quality requirements and quality common fault prevention measures.

The materials used in masonry engineering shall have a certificate of conformity and a product performance test report;

Building form of 240mm thick brick wall

Build

Yishunyiding: This kind of bricklaying method is to make all the bricks in a skin and all the bricks in a skin at a distance from each other.

The brickwork method is "

1. Block arrangement Wall blocks are divided into blocks within the range of the masonry line. The method and requirements for arranging blocks are as follows:

(1) Before masonry, according to the engineering design and construction drawings, according to the types and specifications of the blocks, draw the arrangement diagram of the masonry blocks. After reviewing and verifying, the blocks are arranged according to the drawings.

(2) The coping holes of the upper and lower skin of the block shall not be less than 1/2 of the length of the block, nor shall it be less than 120mm. If the wrong joint length cannot meet the specified overlap requirements, it shall be designed according to the masonry structure. It is stipulated that two steel bars with a diameter of 6mm or a steel bar with a diameter of 4mm should be set in the horizontal gray square, and the reinforcement length should not be less than 700mm ^[2]

Before the masonry operation, it is necessary to check whether the operating environment meets the safety requirements, whether the road is unobstructed, whether the machinery is intact and solid, and whether the safety facilities and protective supplies are complete. Construction can be carried out only after meeting the requirements. When laying the foundation, the soil quality of the foundation trench (pit) should be checked and often paid attention to. Do not stand on the top of the wall to draw lines, scrape seams, clean the wall or check the vertical angle of large corners. When cutting bricks, you should face the wall to avoid flying the broken bricks and hurting people. Masonry is not allowed on walls that exceed the chest to avoid safety accidents caused by collapsing walls. Do not repair the stone on the top of the wall or on the shelf, so as not to vibrate the wall to affect the quality or the stone falling to hurt people. It is forbidden to lift blocks that are at risk of cracking and falling off. ^[1]

Safe construction technology for brickwork

1. The amount of material stacked on the scaffold should not exceed the specified load and height, and there should be no more than two operators on one scaffold.

2. When laying walls, the masonry height of each working group must not exceed 1.80m, and the masonry height of brick columns and independent structures must not exceed 1.80m. In winter construction, the masonry height must be strictly controlled once.

3. Do not stand on the top surface of the wall to draw lines, sew seams, and clean the wall or check the large angle vertical.

4. Do not use unsteady tools or objects to operate on the scaffolding surface. Scaffolding is not allowed to have probes. It is not allowed to use 5cm × 10cm wood or steel templates as standing boards.

5. Masonry operations must not be carried out on walls that are higher than the chest, so as to avoid accidents caused by the wall collapsing or falling down or falling by mistake.

6. Wear protective spectacles when processing the chiseled surface of stone to prevent the slag and stone debris from splattering the eyes or skin.

7. When the inside scaffolding is used for masonry, the operating surface of the scaffolding board shall not exceed the height of the masonry, generally it shall be lower than 20cm. A safety net with a width of 2 ~ 4m extends outside the wall. A solid protective shed should be set up on the adjacent street, sidewalk or residential area.

8. When crossing up and down in the same vertical plane, safety partitions must be set up, and operators must wear safety helmets.

9. Anti-icing prevention measures should be taken during winter construction to timely clean up the frozen snow on the scaffolding. ^[3]

Safe construction technology of block project

In addition to the routine safety operation procedures, the block masonry operation should also pay attention to:

1. Before operation, all lifting machinery, fixtures, ropes, scaffolds and other construction safety facilities must be checked. In particular, the flexible and reliable performance of the fixtures should be checked, whether the scissors fixtures are automatically pulled up after being suspended and the splint teeth or rubber blocks are worn. Are there any debris in the splint cogging?

2. The plywood of the fixture should be clamped on the center line of the block. If the block is skewed, it should be pried straight before returning.

3. When the block is being lifted, no one should stand or perform other operations under the pole and hook; after lifting, no other work should be performed on the lower floor.

4. The site where the blocks are stacked should be level and free of debris. When unloading and stacking blocks on the floor, avoid impact, and dumping and hitting the floor are strictly prohibited.

5. The stacking of blocks should be close to the end of the floor, and the odd fast reserve should not exceed the allowable bearing capacity of the floor. Otherwise, corresponding reinforcement measures should be taken.

6. The blocks are hoisted into place, and the clamps should be released after the blocks are placed in place.

7. Blocks in place should be grouted immediately with vertical joints. Temporary support should be added to the window walls, independent columns and parts with more wall surfaces that are less stable.

8. On the block masonry, it is not suitable to pull the wind rope, suspend heavy weights, and it is not suitable as a support point for other temporary facilities. ^[3]