What Are the Different Types of Plumbing Equipment?
Hotel toilets should be equipped with at least three pieces of sanitary ware, including toilets, bathers, and face washers, and corresponding supporting equipment should be set according to the hotel's level.
Toilet equipment
1.1 The equipment and accessories installed in different grades of toilets are shown in Table 1.1-1.
2.1 Definition
Glazed ceramic products used as sanitary facilities by using clays and other natural mineral raw materials, obtained by pulverizing, pulping, grouting, drying, glazing, and calcining. Compared with other materials such as plastic, enamel, artificial stone, sanitary ceramics have the characteristics of easy cleaning, beautiful appearance and long life. In recent years, new sanitary ceramic products such as nano-clean, antibacterial, and water-saving have come out.
2.2 Classification (see Table 2.2-1)
Table 2.2-1
kind | Types of | structure | Installation method | Sewage direction | According to water consumption | By purpose | Divided by water absorption |
Toilet | Hanging box Box type Siamese Flush valve | Wash down Siphon Jet Rainbow Suction Swirl rainbow Suction | Floor-standing Wall-mounted | Bottom row Back row | normal type Water-saving | Adult type Toddler Disabled / elderly Human-only | Porcelain (E0.5%) |
Pissing | Hanging box Flush valve | | | | normal type Water-saving | Adult Toddler | |
Face wash | | | Desktop Upright Wall-mounted | | | | Porcelain (E0.5%) Pottery (8.0% E15.0%) |
Urinal (ceramic without water trap) | | Wash down Siphon | Floor-standing Wall-mounted | | normal type Water-saving | | |
Bidet | | | Floor-standing Wall-mounted | | | | |
Sink | | | Desktop Wall-mounted | | | Residential For public places | |
Water tank | High water tank Low water tank | | Wall-mounted Box type hidden | | | | |
Small pieces of sanitary ceramics | Soap box Hand box, etc. | | | | | | |
Bathtub Shower tray | | | | | | | Pottery (8.0% E 15.0%) |
(See Table 3-1)
Table 3-1 Reference price of sanitary ceramics (Unit: Yuan)
Product grade | Upscale | Mid-range | Low gear | | |
Toilet | Siamese | Wash down | 900 2500 | 450 900 | 250 450 |
Siphon | 1800 3000 | 500 1800 | 180 500 | | |
Jet siphon | 2000 3000 | 600 2000 | 300 600 | | |
Vortex siphon | 2000 3000 | 700 2000 | 400 700 | | |
Split | Wash down | 900 1300 | 300 900 | 150 300 | |
Siphon | 900 1600 | 300 900 | 150 300 | | |
Jet siphon | 1000 1700 | 350 1000 | 150 350 | | |
Face wash | Columnar | 800 1300 | 300 800 | 60 300 | |
On stage | 600 850 | 100 600 | 50 100 | | |
Understage | 200 500 | 90 200 | 40 90 | | |
Countertop | 700 1700 | 300 700 | | | |
Pissing | With back bend | | 200 580 | 60 200 | |
Without return bend | | 100 360 | 30 100 | | |
Urinal | Hanging | 200 1300 | | 50 200 | |
Floor-standing | 800 2000 | | | | |
Bidet | 1000 1500 | 500 1000 | | | |
Sink | | | 20 40 | | |
Note: 1. The price of the above products, toilet water tank, water tank cover, water tank accessories, seat ring, cover, others are the price of porcelain. Prices for luxury bathroom products are not included.
2. The table is the market price, and there is a certain fluctuation with the actual transaction price. The products of the same manufacturer have different prices due to different models. The main products listed are white glaze products.
GB 6952-2005 "Sanitary Ceramics"
HJ / T 296-2006 "Technical requirements for environmental labeling products, sanitary ceramics"
JC / T 897-2002 "Antibacterial Performance of Antibacterial Ceramic Products"
QB 2584-2007 "Shower Room"
GB 5237-2004 "aluminum alloy building profiles"
GB 9962-1999 "Laminated Glass"
GB 15763.2-2005 "Safety glass for building-Part 2: Tempered glass"
QB / T 1869-1993 "High Impact Polystyrene Extruded Sheet"
QB / T 2563-2002 "General technical conditions for shower screens"
6.1 Applicable places
The countertop and countertop washers have good decorative effects and are mostly used in high-end buildings; the countertop washers are easy to clean by splashing water on the countertop, and are suitable for general public toilets.
6.2 Design in coordination with the drainage system of the building
1) The bottom-hung toilet must be equipped with a vertical drain pipe that passes through the floor. Special attention should be paid to the waterproof treatment of the floor after passing through the pipe.
2) The special hose for the back toilet is connected with the drain pipe on the building. There is no sewage pipe (except the main sewage riser) through the floor. The waterproofing of the toilet floor is simple and reliable.
3) The distance between the center of the sewage pipe of the lower toilet and the finished wall (referred to as the wall distance). The current national standard of sanitary ceramics unified it into three dimensions of 200mm, 305mm, and 400mm. Click here. The wall thickness of the bathroom in the rough room should consider the thickness of the brick (about 20-25mm).
4) Rear-mounted toilets that are used more abroad and less used domestically (the two types of sewage outlet installation distance are 100mm and 180mm respectively), the floor is easy to clean, and the sewage horizontal pipe (even the toilet water tank) is buried in the wall The building needs special design.
6.3 Pay attention to water seal depth
1) Water odor isolation of sanitary ware is a sanitary requirement. The new standard for sanitary ceramics stipulates that "the depth of the water seal of all sanitary ceramics with integrated water traps shall not be less than 50mm", including urinals and squatting pans with integrated water traps. In the past, the depth of the water seal of the squatting pan was only 30mm, and it was especially necessary to pay attention when selecting it.
2) When there is no water-sealing device in the sewer in the blank room, sanitary appliances with water-sealing device should be used; when there is a water trap in the sewer, sanitary appliances without water trap should be used.
3) In high-rise or super high-rise buildings, a water trap with a breathing (positive and negative pressure) valve should be used in order to maintain the height of the water trap and prevent the odor from leaking.
6.4 Use of water-saving products
1) In newly built houses in large and medium-sized cities, it is forbidden to use toilets with a flushing volume of 9L or more (excluding 9L), and promote the use of toilets with a flushing volume of 6L.
2) A variety of flush-type, siphon-type and jet-siphon-type water-saving toilets on the market have passed the certification of water-saving products and are available for selection. Among them, the spray siphon type toilet has low flushing noise, high water surface (not easy to stick to toilet), high sewage replacement rate, and quick discharge of water by spraying water. It is a water-saving toilet with better comprehensive performance. Although vortex siphon toilets also have the advantages of good drainage performance and low flushing noise, they are regarded as high-end products. However, the current flushing water volume of these products is greater than 6L, which is not a water-saving product and should not be selected.
3) The standard for flushing water consumption of squatting pans stipulates that the common type is not greater than 11L, and the water-saving type is not greater than 8L. Most of the water-saving squatting pans are products with built-in return bends. Water-saving products must also have a qualified cleaning function, drainage function and splash resistance. Cooperate with high water tank accessories to achieve water saving, and also use infrared sensing device to automatically drain and flush.
4) The flushing water volume of ordinary urinals is not more than 5L, and the water-saving type is not more than 3L. It should also have a qualified washing function and sewage replacement function. Urinals are often connected to infrared sensors to save water.
5) The wash basin is equipped with a ceramic valve core nozzle, which has a long life and does not leak water, or uses an infrared induction nozzle, which can stop water after the hand is removed, which can effectively save water.
6.5 Squatting toilets are used in public places to avoid the spread of disease. If the hydraulic foot valve squatting toilet is more practical.
7.1 Water saving
Water saving and high performance is the general trend of the development of toilets. Now the natural hydraulic 4.5 / 2.9L double-speed super water-saving toilet (50mm oversized pipe diameter) and flush-free urinals are produced. Jet-type and dump-type sewage-saving water-saving toilets with special structures can also be produced in batches.
7.2 Green
"Green building sanitary ceramics" refers to building sanitary ceramic products that have a small impact on the earth's environment and are beneficial to human health in the process of raw material collection, product manufacturing, use or recycling, and waste disposal. Building sanitary ceramic products that have passed the environmental label product certification and are labeled with the ten-ring green label should be preferred.
7.3 Decoration
Sanitary ceramics traditionally use raw glazes that are fired once. Now the high-grade sanitary ceramics has introduced the daily-use porcelain decoration technology into sanitary porcelain production. The sanitary porcelain after firing is painted again, gold, decals, and then fired twice (color firing), making the product graceful, luxurious, and antique.
7.4 Cleanliness
1) Self-cleaning glaze makes the glazed surface smooth, or it is coated with nano-materials to form a hydrophobic layer on the surface, so that the surface of the product has a self-cleaning function.
2) Antibacterial products: silver, titanium dioxide and other materials are added to the sanitary enamel, which has sterilization function or sterilization function under photocatalysis, which can prevent the surface from breeding bacteria or mildew and improve hygiene.
3) Paper changing pad device for toilet: The paper pad box device is installed on the toilet in the public toilet, and the paper pad can be easily replaced, which is safe and hygienic.
7.5 Versatility
There are automatic urine test devices, negative ion generators, fragrance dispensers, and CD devices installed on toilets abroad, which improves the functionality and pleasure of the toilet.
7.6 Fashion
High-end sanitary ceramic products, either simple or luxurious, emphasize a distinct personality, but without losing health and comfort. This is fashion.
1) In recent years, the appearance of the face washers placed on the cabinet surface is different, and the inside and outside can be painted with personalized patterns. This face washer also has an overflow channel, water will not overflow, and its actual performance is better than similar glass face washer.
2) The combination of various face washers and dressing tables is fashionable and practical, which has become a development trend.
3) A special shampoo basin similar to a face washer makes it easier to wash your hair on your back.
7.7 Product replacement
1) Ceramic bathtubs have become obsolete due to their bulkiness, cost, and fragility, and have been replaced by materials such as acrylic, cast iron enamel, and steel enamel.
2) Ceramic shower trays are bulky and fragile, and have been replaced by acrylic and steel enamel materials.
3) Floor-mounted ceramic urinals are bulky, costly, and easy to splash urine, and they have tended to be replaced by hanging ceramic urinals.
4) The toilet seat (bidet) with washing and drying functions is becoming more and more perfect, so that the toilet has the function of a bidet, and the actual use is better than the bidet, so that the ceramic bidet may be eliminated. .
5) Ceramic sinks are bulky and fragile, and have been replaced by stainless steel plates, steel enamels, acrylics and other materials.
6) Wall-hung toilets save material, land, and the ground is easy to clean. They are used abroad and developed in China.
