What is a Gabion?

The gabion net is made of mechanically braided high-corrosion-resistant, high-strength, ductile low-carbon steel wire or the above steel wire covered with PVC. The box structure made using this net is a gabion net box. According to ASTM and EN standards, the diameter of the low carbon steel wire used varies according to engineering design requirements. Generally between 2.0-4.0mm, the tensile strength of the gabion mesh wire is not less than 38kg / m2, the weight of the metal coating is generally higher than 245g / m2, and the edge line diameter of the gabion mesh is generally larger than the diameter of the mesh line. The length of the twisted part of the double wire should not be less than 50mm. In order to ensure that the metal coating and PVC coating of the twisted wire are not damaged.

Gabion

Gabion net

Gabion net can be used for slope support, foundation pit support, and shotcreting on mountain rock surface.

(1) Aperture: 60 * 80mm, 80 * 100mm, 80 * 120mm, 100 * 120mm, 120 * 150mm, 90 * 110mm

The length of the twisted part of the double wire must not be less than 50mm. To ensure that the metal coating and PVC coating of the twisted wire are not damaged.

(2) Wire diameter: The gabion net is divided into three wire diametersmesh wire, edge wire, and tie wire.

1.The range of the mesh is 2mm-4mm

2. The edge wire is generally larger than the mesh, 0.5-1.0mm thicker than the mesh

3. The tie wire is generally smaller than the mesh wire, and the most common is 2.2mm.

(3) Wire tension: not less than 38kg / m2 380N / mm

(4) Surface treatment

1.

The gabion mesh is made by hexagonal twisting: the selection of raw materials (wire rod)-cold drawn / galvanized / plastic-machine weaving-manual cutting, assembly-product inspection-packaging and transportation

This structure can be used for slope support, foundation pit support, shotcreting of mountain rock surface netting, slope planting (greening), rail highway isolation barriers, and it can also be made into box cages, net pads, used for rivers, Anti-scouring protection for dams and sea ponds, and cages for reservoir and river closure.

Control and guide rivers and floods

The most serious disaster in rivers is the erosion of riverbanks caused by currents, which caused flooding, which caused heavy losses of life and property and a large amount of soil and water loss. Therefore, when dealing with the above-mentioned problems, the application of the grid grid structure has become one of the good solutions, which can make the river bank and river bank be protected for a long time.

Channel canal riverbed

The construction of the channel involves the stability of slopes and riverbeds. Therefore, the selection of the ecological grid structure is the main method used in the reconstruction of many natural rivers and the excavation of artificial channels for hundreds of years. It can effectively protect the river bank or river bed. It also has the function of controlling water flow and preventing water loss, especially in environmental protection and water quality maintenance, which has very good effects.

bank revetment

The application of ecological grid structure and river bank revetment and its slope foot protection is a very successful example. It takes full advantage of the ecological grid and achieves the ideal effect that cannot be achieved by other methods.

Reinforced gabion nets are also called reinforced gabion nets, hanging nets, stone blocking nets, mountain protection nets, etc. When weaving hexagonal nets, add straight iron wires, or iron wires weaving in vertical or parallel directions. . The tensile strength of the reinforced heavy hexagonal mesh is higher than that of ordinary mesh. The diameter of the reinforced wire is generally not less than the diameter of the side wire. It has rigidity and flexibility, good adaptability to the foundation, good seismic performance and resistance to reciprocating dynamic loads. There are no creep issues. Reinforced gabion net is a new technology for reinforced earth engineering. It uses low-carbon steel wire as the basic material, and the steel wire is surface-treated by hot-dip galvanizing and special plastic coating process, which has good corrosion resistance and wear resistance. These steel wires are mechanically braided into a mesh surface, and then manufactured into different products according to their use as a structure.

Material: low carbon steel wire

Features:

1. Reinforced gabion mesh retaining wall has technical features and advantages such as safety, flexibility, permeability, durability, environmental protection, and economy.

2. A product with strong finished product. The face wall and the reinforced ribs are also connected without nodes, which eliminates the shortcomings that the component nodes are easy to become structural weaknesses, and the assembly type construction is convenient, fast and highly efficient.

3. Is an ecological protection net. Because the wall panel is a non-traditional reinforced concrete concrete rigid wall, the wall surface can be naturally permeable, which is conducive to the drainage of groundwater in the fill, which guarantees the long-term stability of the structure, and the wall has a good stiffness.

use:

1. Can be used for river reinforcement. Reinforced gabion net cages are usually located on the inside of the dam. They are mainly used in places where the water velocity is relatively turbulent. The river flushes the gabion net instead of directly washing the embankment, which reduces the damage to the embankment.

2. Reinforced gabion nets can also be used to guide river water. The river generally flows along the inherent channel, and the channel may have naturally formed curved channels. If flood occurs, the volume of water is huge and the current is turbulent. The current will tend to flow straight under inertia and will violently impact the original channel and Embankments may divert rivers, which will cause huge disasters.

3. The net is also applied to flood dams and diversion dams to play a role in guiding or restraining floods.

4. At the same time, it is also widely used in highways, railways, constructions and other fields, and has good engineering, economic and environmental benefits.

Performance characteristics of gabion net

Economy Just fill the stone with the cage and seal it.

2. Simple construction without special technology.

3. Have strong resistance to natural damage and resistance to corrosion and adverse weather effects.

4. Can withstand a wide range of deformations without still collapsing.

5. The silt between the stones in the cage is conducive to plant production and can be integrated into the surrounding natural environment.

6. Has good permeability and can prevent damage caused by hydrostatic force. Conducive to the stability of hillsides and banks

7. Save transportation costs, it can be folded up for transportation and assembled on the construction site.

8. Good flexibility: no structural seams, the overall structure is ductile.

9. Corrosion resistance: Galvanized material is not afraid of seawater.

10. Environmental protection materials: cadmium (cd) <10ppm, lead (Pb) <50ppm, other harmful substances such as mercury (Hg), hexavalent chromium (Cr6 +), polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) have not been detected Out, fully in line with RoSH environmental standards

Five twisted gabion nets

Five twisted gabion net material:
(1) Galvanized steel wire;
(2) Zinc-5% aluminum-mixed rare earth alloy steel wire;
(3) Galvanized steel wire covered with plastic;
(4) Zinc-5% aluminum-mixed rare-earth alloy steel wire clad; woven five-screw gabion net is a one-time production process, except for the cover plate, the side plate, the end plate, and the bottom plate are inseparable. Length / Width Tolerance (± 5%) Height Tolerance (± 10%). Separate units are used every 1 meter inside to separate units.
Weaving of five-lead wire gabions: The five-lead wire gabions are produced by one-time molding, except for the cover plate, the side plate, the end plate, and the bottom plate are inseparable. Length / width tolerance (± 5%) and height tolerance (± 10%). The interior is separated into units by a partition every 1 meter.
Reinforced gabion cages are assembled in a way that covers, side plates, end plates, and bottom plates are individually produced and assembled into cages. Each part is wound and bundled with spiral steel wires. All edges of the cages are thickened to strengthen the gabion mesh. .
Features:

(1) Economy. Just fill the stone with the cage and seal it.
(2) The construction is simple and does not require special technology.
(3) It has a strong ability to resist natural damage, corrosion resistance and adverse weather effects.
(4) Can withstand a wide range of deformations without collapse.
(5) The silt between the stones in the cage is conducive to plant production, and can be integrated with the surrounding natural environment.
(6) It has good permeability and can prevent damage caused by hydrostatic force.
(7) Save transportation costs. It can be folded up for transportation and assembled on the construction site.
use:

(1) Control and guide rivers and floods (2) Flood dams and diversion dams (3) Rockfall protection

Gabion net material classification

Galvanized steel wire: high-quality low-carbon steel wire, the diameter of the wire is 2.0MM-4.0MM, the tensile strength of the wire is not less than 380Mpa, the surface of the wire is protected by hot-dip galvanizing, and the thickness of the galvanized protective layer is made according to customer requirements. The amount of zinc can reach 300g / m2.

Zinc-5% aluminum-mixed rare-earth alloy steel wire: (also known as Galvan) steel wire, which is an emerging international new material that has a corrosion resistance of more than 3 times that of traditional pure galvanized steel wire. The diameter can reach 1.0MM-3.0MM, and the tensile strength of the steel wire is not less than 1380Mpa.

Galvanized steel wire covered with plastic: High-quality low-carbon steel wire, coated with a PVC protective layer on the surface of the steel wire, and then woven into a hexagonal mesh of various specifications.

Zinc-5% aluminum-mixed rare-earth alloy steel wire covered with plastic: The surface of zinc-5% aluminum-mixed rare-earth alloy steel wire is covered with a PVC protective layer, and then woven into a hexagonal mesh of various specifications.

Gabion net classification

I. Net cage It is a barbed wire cage made by cutting and folding a heavy hexagonal net. Generally, it is a net cage assembled by folding 4 heavy hexagonal nets. A large hexagonal net is folded into four large sides of a cube. Two small pieces of hexagonal mesh with a partition mesh in the middle.

The cages of gabion nets can also be made into triangles and trapezoids. Such dams with gabion cages are inclined on a plane.

Gabion cages are often used in retaining walls of water conservancy projects. Gabion cage walls are retaining walls that are stacked with gabion cages at 0.5-1.0 meters. The gabion cage wall is mainly used for steep hillsides, and its function is to control debris flow, prevent landslides, and protect roads and railways.

The reason why gabion cages are used is because they have unique ecological functions. Slightly sprinkle some soil on the surface of the protective body to carry out greening. Because the stones are filled with voids, the voids contain the soil, which is conducive to the development of plant roots and creates a good ecological environment. Even if the soil is not sprinkled, the space between the stones will quiet the soil over time. This will grow some herbaceous plants and form a natural ecological environment. After the production of gabion cages is completed, in order to save volume, they can be packed in compressed packages.

2. The protective pad is a heavy-duty hexagonal net cut and folded metal net box. The thickness of the gabion net pad is 0.15m-0.5m. The gabion net pad is divided into several cells by the partition. In order to strengthen the structure of the gabion net pad, the diameter of the wire at the edge of each screen of the gabion net pad is relatively thick. It is mainly used for river channels, bank slopes, roadbed slopes, and coast protection structures. The gabion net pad has certain flexibility and good adaptability to the ground. The gabion net cushion is the same as the gabion net cage. It can also be divided into several cells by the mesh partition of the hexagonal net. This can increase the strength of the cushion and prevent the river bank from being attacked by water and wind. And the damage realized the natural convection function between the water body and the soil below the slope, and reached the ecological balance. Gabion net pads can be used to spread green soil, and green planting on the slope can increase the effect of landscape greening.

Knowledge: Why is the cushion called a gabion net cushion, because it is a cushion-type engineering component whose thickness is much smaller than the length and width of the gabion cage.

3. The gabion net retaining wall is a layered pile of stone cage netting retaining walls. The components of the gabion cage retaining wall are filled with stones of a similar proportion in the cage, so that there is a certain porosity. Due to the gap between the stones, the soil behind the masonry and the soil layer below the slope can be discharged. This reduces the water level, reduces the surface water pressure behind the wall and below the slope, and the timely discharge of water reduces the probability of the retaining wall being damaged, so that the life of the retaining wall will be greatly extended. At the same time, the wall cage is a cage made of barbed wire, which can be deformed to a certain extent. Moreover, the stones can also slide between the stones, so the deformation capacity of the retaining wall can also cushion sudden external forces.

4. There are two types of gabion nets for roads. One is to protect the road. For example, at the side of the road, a gabion net is built with gabion cages to protect the road from floods. On the side, a gabion net reinforced with a gabion cage is used to reinforce the roadbed. The other is to place heavy hexagonal nets on the roadbed or on the cement pavement during road construction, and use them as ribbed nets on the cement pavement to prevent cracking.

V. Gabion net roll, gabion net is woven into a mesh of 30 meters to 50 meters, rolled into a roll, and directly spread on the slope surface for slope protection to prevent soil erosion, rock fall, and can also be used for slope support Protection, foundation pit support, mountain rock surface netting shotcrete, slope vegetation (greening), railway highway isolation barrier netting, anti-scouring protection for rivers, dams and sea ponds.

Plastic structure

Plastic coated gabion net is a net box made of a hexagonal net (hexagonal net) woven with metal wires unidirectionally twisted for two weeks, with a thickness of 0.15-0.5m (including 0.5m), also known as gabion and protection Pads and gabion mesh mats are divided into several cells by partitions. In order to strengthen the structure of gabion mesh mats, all the edges of the panel are made of larger diameter steel wires.

Gabion mesh pads are divided into two categories: surface metal plating and surface PVC / PE coating. The wire diameter used varies depending on the size of the hexagon. The production process is to make gabions and pads after weaving nets, cutting, hemming, and banding. Gabions and pads are supplied in a folded state.

Usually coated gabion mesh is covered with a PVC protective layer on the surface of zinc-5% aluminum-mixed rare earth steel wire, and then woven into a hexagonal mesh of various specifications. This layer of PVC protective layer will greatly increase the service life of the net, and through the choice of different colors, it can be integrated with the surrounding natural environment.

Advantage

1. Ideal ecological construction and ecological restoration function

The pores in the gabion cage and the net cushion create conditions for the flow of water, which is conducive to the natural exchange between water and soil, and creates a living environment for aquatic organisms and microorganisms, thereby enhancing the self-purification ability of the water and protecting and improving the water source , Water quality. The gap of the filling material is artificially laid in the soil layer or naturally deposited soil, which creates conditions for greening and vegetation. Even without seeding, plants will naturally grow, achieving optimization, beautifying the environment, improving and restoring the ecological environment.

2.Good water permeability

Retaining walls and slope protection paved with cages, the filling material in the cages is loose, and there are more pores, which is conducive to the drainage of pore water in the soil after the masonry and the soil layer below the slope protection Once infiltrated into the soil, it can be discharged quickly through the masonry, effectively reducing the groundwater level, thereby reducing the groundwater pressure behind the wall and below the slope. Gabion net structure In the landslide management and debris flow prevention project, timely drainage of water reduces the probability of wall damage, and the wall's good deformation ability can effectively buffer sudden external impact

3. Excellent stability and overall function.

The gabion mesh is a double-stranded grid structure woven by special machinery. Local damage will not cause the overall damage of the cage. The gabion net has moderate deformation characteristics, connecting all the projects into a whole without joints. Even if uneven subsidence occurs, the overall structure will not cause cracks or serious problems.

4. Simpler construction method.

The gabion net process can be manufactured in a factory according to the design intent. The construction site is assembled and shaped according to the design drawing, and then laid on the soil slope or excavated foundation pit, and paved into a slope or masonry The cage wall is made into a box cage, filled with filling material, and covered with a net. Easy to operate, less affected by climate, and suitable for mechanized operation, which can ensure the quality of construction and speed up the progress of the project. During the construction process of a construction unit, due to the influence of the weather, the construction unit transferred the workers who used the stone masonry retaining walls to make gabion net slope protection.

5. Good landscape effect.

The easy combination of the gabion net structure and the diversity of colors can provide us with a variety of structural modeling designs to meet the landscape requirements of different areas. At the same time, combined with planting lawns and planting flowers and trees will present us a green retaining wall or slope protection.

6. Excellent corrosion resistance and durability.

The wire of the gabion mesh adopts the hot-dip aluminizing zinc process, and the surface coating of the wire is more stable, which can effectively reduce the oxidation of the network wire. After the resin coating process, it has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, antistatic, anti-aging and anti-oxidation, and has a longer service life. According to the test, when the plastic is immersed in 30% hydrochloric acid for 10 days, the plastic has no discoloration and no cracking phenomenon. It can be seen that this material is absolutely reliable even in highly polluted areas. The service life of the coated steel wire can reach 70 years.

7. Strong resistance to scouring and wind and wave attacks.

The gabion net structure is used for slope protection or retaining wall works on rivers with large flow velocity, and has strong anti-erosion ability. According to relevant experiments, the anti-shock coefficient of the gabion net structure is twice the anti-shock coefficient of general riprap protection projects. Affected by water flow, even if the stones in the gabion net cushion are displaced, the deformed cage structure will have a new balance, and the overall integrity will not be damaged. The gabion net structure is a flexible structure. There are certain gaps in the box cage filled with stones or other materials. When the waves are shot on the waves, the waves are crushed to reduce the impact of the wave pressure. It destroys the vacuum suction of the wind and waves, and reduces the damage to the protective engineering. In addition, the overall structure can be fine-tuned automatically when the wind and wave forces are applied, which can effectively avoid cracks in the wall.

Other related

1. Gabion net sinking operation, the first is the gabion net weaving made of iron wire sinking. Can also be electroplated and coated with PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PVC gabion net sinker can also be used as bank protection and toe protection.

2. Stone box (box gabion). A gabion net is a mesh-like product made of iron or polymer wire that holds the rockfill in place. A wire cage is a mesh or braided structure made of wire. Both structures can be electroplated and the braided wire box can be additionally coated with PVC. A gridded gabion is more flexible than a welded gabion, so its ability to adapt to subsidence and load is different. Although the stone material must be carefully packed to ensure that the stones are filled densely, sometimes a rigid stone box It is easier to fill, and for non-standard shapes, such as corners, or places where large subsidence can occur, when the braided wire or polymer lattice structure is deformed without loss of strength, this type of structure is preferred.

3. Fill the inner of the gabion net with weathering-resistant hard stones as the filler. It will not be broken quickly by abrasion in the grate or sinker row. Gabion nets with different types of blocks have different characteristics. The angular stones can interlock well with each other, and the stone cage filled with them is not easy to deform. Therefore, it is more effective than round stones in large shear-resistant retaining walls. On the other hand, it is conducive to the connection of gabions. The general size of the filler is 1.5 times the average mesh size. A single stone is not smaller than the standard grid size (usually used woven gabion size (60mmX80mm 100mmX120mm), generally not more than 200mm standard size. For a block stone placed away from the outside of the gabion but inside, sometimes Relaxation of minimum stone size requirements.

4. Internal filling. Mechanical filling is generally faster and cheaper, but not as well controlled as manual filling. For modified retaining walls, it should produce a good appearance and form a dense structure. With both methods, the filler must completely fill the gabion net. The filler must be well packed to minimize the gap, the single stones are in good contact, and packed as tightly as possible to reduce the possibility of stone movement in the gabion. When the filling size is within the normal range, both angular and round stones can be packed tightly, and some soil can be added.